Todiramphus Winchelli Bird

English Name:  Rufous-lored Kingfisher
Latin Name:  Todiramphus winchelli
Protonym:  Halcyon Winchelli Trans.Linn.Soc.London(2), 1 p.318 pl.47
Taxonomy:  Coraciiformes / Alcedinidae / Todiramphus
Taxonomy Code:  rulkin1
Type Locality:  Isabella, Basilan.
Author:  Sharpe
Publish Year:  1877
IUCN Status:  Vulnerable

DEFINITIONS

TODIRAMPHUS
(Alcedinidae; Ϯ Chattering Kingfisher T. tutus) Genus Todus Brisson 1760, tody; Gr. ῥαμφος rhamphos  bill; “Ce groupe est remarquable aussi par la forme aplatie du bec qui rappelle celle des Todiers.  ...  L'Alcedo sacra, si mal décrit par les auteurs, formera notre genre Todiramphus, et l'Halcyon sanctus de MM. Horsfield et Vigors demeurera dans le genre Alcedo dont il a tous les caractères.   TODIRAMPHE. Todiramphus.  ...  Les insulaires des îles de la Société les nomment O-tataré. C'etaient, avec le Crabier-Blanc, des oiseaux vénérés dans l'ancienne religion de ces peuples; il était défendu de les tuer sous des peines sévères, et leur dépouille servait d'offrande au grand dieu Oro.   1^re ESPÈCE. TODIRAMPHE SACRÉ. Todiramphus sacer, Less. Tab. XI.  Alcedo tuta, Gm., Sp. 28; Lath., Syn. Sp. 17?  Alcedo sacra, Gm., Sp. 30. Var. A. Lath., Sp. 15. Var. a?  Sacred King's fisher, pl. 27. Latham, Gen. Syn. Var. C. p. 622. p. II?” (Lesson 1827).   
Var. Todirramphus, Todirhamphus.   
Synon. Antisyma, Coporhamphus, Cyanalcyon, Dilazula, Dilazulena, Entomophila, Hyposyma, Lazulena, Leucalcyon, Melanalcyon, Sauropatis, Sauropatoides, Todalcyon.

winchelli / winchellii
● Horace Vaughn Winchell (1865-1923) US mining geologist (subsp. Pachycephala homeyeri).
● “This species is named, by Dr Steere’s request, after his friend and old tutor, Mr Winchell” (Sharpe 1877); Newton Horace Winchell (1839-1914) US archaeologist, geologist (per Beolens et al. 2014)  (Todiramphus).

SUBSPECIES

Rufous-lored Kingfisher (nigrorum)
Latin Name: Todiramphus winchelli nigrorum
nigrorum
● Mod. L. Nigrorum  of Negros, Philippines; the island was named Isla de Negros by the Spaniards because of its dark-skinned inhabitants  < L. niger  black.
● Mod. L. Terra Nigrorum  land of the negroes (i.e. West Africa); "Alseonax cinereus nigrorum nom. nov. versus A. cinereus cinerascens (Sharpe). Muscicapa cinerascens Sharpe, Cat. B. Brit. Mus. iv, p. 155 (1879 - Gold Coast), nec Spix, Aves Bras. ii, p. 16, pl. xii (1825)" (Collin & Hartert 1927) (subsp. Fraseria caerulescens).

Rufous-lored Kingfisher (nesydrionetes)
Latin Name: Todiramphus winchelli nesydrionetes
nesydrionetes
Gr. νησυδριονετης nēsudrionetēs islet dweller < νησυδριον nēsudrion islet, little island < dim. νησος nēsos island.

Rufous-lored Kingfisher (mindanensis)
Latin Name: Todiramphus winchelli mindanensis
mindanaensis / mindanaoensis / mindanense / mindanensis
Mindanao, Philippines (named after the Maguindanao, a Moro people and former sultanate of the southern Philippines).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Merle de Mindanao” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 627, fig. 1 (Copsychus).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Merle de Mindanao” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 627, fig. 1, and “Mindanao Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Copsychus mindanensis).
● ex “Coucou tacheté de Mindanao” of Brisson 1760 (subsp. Eudynamys scolopacea).

Rufous-lored Kingfisher (winchelli)
Latin Name: Todiramphus winchelli winchelli
winchelli / winchellii
● Horace Vaughn Winchell (1865-1923) US mining geologist (subsp. Pachycephala homeyeri).
● “This species is named, by Dr Steere’s request, after his friend and old tutor, Mr Winchell” (Sharpe 1877); Newton Horace Winchell (1839-1914) US archaeologist, geologist (per Beolens et al. 2014)  (Todiramphus).

Rufous-lored Kingfisher (alfredi)
Latin Name: Todiramphus winchelli alfredi
alfredi
● Prof. Alfred Newton (1829-1907) British ornithologist (Bradypterus, syn. Tylas eduardi).
● Alfred William Vincent (1904-2000) English ornithologist, brother of Col. Jack Vincent (subsp. Cyanomitra olivacea).
● Alfred Henry Ebsworth White (1901-1964) Australian field-naturalist, son of collector Henry L. White (syn. Lacustroica whitei).
● Alfred Hart Everett (1848-1898) English ornithologist, explorer, collector in the East Indies (Otus).
● Admiral Prince Alfred Ernest Albert (1844-1900) 3^rd Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (reigned 1893-1900), Duke of Edinburgh, Earl of Ulster and Earl of Kent, second son of Queen Victoria (syn. Petrochelidon spilodera).
● Sir Alfred Sharpe (1853-1935) British adventurer, big-game hunter, Consul-General and Commissioner for British Central Africa 1896-1907, Gov. of Nyasaland 1907-1910 (subsp. Phyllastrephus flavostriatus, syn. Tachymarptis aequatorialis).
● Alfred Henri Edme Œillet des Murs (b. 1842) French JP, son of ornithologist Marc Athanase Parfait Œillet des Murs (Björn Bergenholtz in litt.) (subsp. Psarocolius angustifrons).
● Antoine-Alfred Marche (1844-1898) French naturalist, explorer, collector in West Africa, the Philippines, and the Marianas (subsp. Todiramphus winchelli).