Ficedula Westermanni Bird

English Name:  Little Pied Flycatcher
Latin Name:  Ficedula westermanni
Protonym:  Muscicapula westermanni Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt3 p.270
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Muscicapidae / Ficedula
Taxonomy Code:  lipfly1
Type Locality:  Gunong Ulu Batang Padang, Perak, Malay Peninsula; altitude 4,200 feet.
Author:  Sharpe
Publish Year:  1888
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

FICEDULA
(Muscicapidae; † Pied Flycatcher F. hypoleuca) L. ficedula, ficetula or ficecula  small fig-pecking bird that changed into the Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla in winter  < ficus  fig (cf. specific name Motacilla ficedula Linnaeus, 1758 (= syn. Ficedula hypoleuca)); "Genus Ficedulæ.  Hujus character est  Digiti quatuor, membranis destituti; tres scilicet antici, posticus unus; omnes circiter usque ad exortum discreti:  Crura ad calcaneum usque plumosa:  Rostrum subulatum:  Nares detectæ:  Unguis digiti postici arcuatus, digitumque longitudine non superans.   ** 1. LE BECFIGUE.  ...  FICEDULA.  ...   Ficis delectatur." (Brisson 1760); ex "Ficedula" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Jonston 1650-1653, Charleton 1668, Rzaczynski 1721, and Barrère 1745, "Ficedula quarta" of Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Willughby 1676, Ray 1713, and Linnaeus 1748, "Beccafico ordinario" of Olina 1622, "Curruca fusca" of Frisch 1733-1743, "Motacilla subfusca" of Linnaeus 1746, and "Sylvia rectricibus alarum macula alba" of Klein 1750; "Ficedula Brisson, 1760, Ornith., 3, p. 369.  Type, by tautonymy, Ficedula = Motacilla hypoleuca Pallas." (Watson in Peters, 1986, XI, p. 335).   
Synon. Briania, Charidhylas, Dammeria, Dendrobiastes, Digenea, Dimorpha, Erythromyias, Erythrosterna, Hedymela, Menetica, Muscicapella, Muscicapula, Muscicula, Nitidula, Ochromela, Oreicola, Poliomyias, Ripleyia, Ripleyornis, Siphia, Stoparola, Synornis, Takatsukasaia, Zanthopygia.
• (Muscicapidae; syn. Erithacus † European Robin E. rubecula) "49. Gattung. Ficedula.  129. rubecula   130. suecica   131. phoenicurus   132. thytis" (Boie 1822); "Ficedula Boie, 1822, Isis von Oken, col. 553.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 36), Motacilla rubecula Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021). 
• (Acrocephalidae; ?syn. Hippolais † Icterine Warbler H. icterina) "GENVS XXVIII.  FICEDVLA. Fliegenschnepper.  109. Ficedula Hippolais. La Fauvette.  ...  Mus. Schaeffer No. 241.  Briss. Av. III. 372. 2.  La Fauvette.  Linn. S. N. 12. 330. 7. Motacilla Hippolais" (Schaeffer 1789); "Ficedula Schaeffer, 1789, Mus. Ornith., p. 33.  Type, by monotypy, Motacilla hippolais Linnaeus, 1758 (has been variously identified, but generally considered unidentifiable)." (JAJ 2021).
• (Muscicapidae; syn. Phoenicurus † Common Redstart P. phoenicurus) "VI. Fam. Sylviadae. Vigors.   Ficedula Cuv.: Mot. phoenicurus Lin. u. a." (Boie 1826); "Ficedula "Cuvier" Boie, 1826, Isis von Oken, col. 972.  Type, by monotypy, Motacilla phoenicurus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
• (Phylloscopidae; syn. Phylloscopus † Willow Warbler P. trochilus ) "XXXIII. Gattung.  Laubvogel.  Ficedula.  ...  Die zierlichen Vögelchen dieser Gattung sind Waldbewohner, die in ihrer äußern Gestalt sich den Nachtigallen nähern.  Sie haben zum Hüpfen gestaltete, lange, schwache Füße.  Drei Arten.   81. Grüner Laubvogel.  Ficedula Sybilatrix.  ...  Motacilla Trochilus. Gmel. Linn. S. I. p. 995. n. 49.   Sylvia Sybilatrix. Bechst. orn. T. p. 176.   ...   82. Gelbfüßiger Laubvogel.  Ficedula Fitis.  ...  Motacilla Trochilus var. β. Gmel. Linn. S. I. p. 996. n. 49.  Motacilla Acredula. Schrank f. b. B. I. p. 184. n. 153.  Sylvia Titis. Bechst. orn. T. p. 187.   ...   83. Braunfüßiger Laubvogel.  Ficedula rufa.  ...  Motacilla rufa. Gmel. Linn. S. I. p. 955. n. 63.  Motacilla Trochilus. Schrank f. b. B. I. p. 193.  Sylvia rufa. Bechst. orn. T. p. 188." (Koch 1816); "Ficedula Koch, 1816, System der baierischen Zoologie, I, p. 158.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1841, List Genera Birds, 2nd ed., p. xi), P. hippolais auct. = Motacilla trochilus Linnaeus, 1758" (JAJ 2021).
• (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga † Northern Parula S. americana) "619. COMPSOTHLYPIS, Cab. 1850.  ...  Ficedula, Des Murs, 1853.  (Parus americanus, Linn.)" (G. Gray 1855); "Ficedula "Des Murs" G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 39 (nec auct.).  Type, by original designation and monotypy, Parus americanus Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
• (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga † Myrtle Warbler S. coronata) "617. DENDROICA, G. R. Gr. 1842.  Ficedula, Cuv. 1799-1800, nec Mœhr. 1752.  ...  (Sylvia coronata, Lath.)" (G. Gray 1855); "Ficedula "Cuvier" G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 39 (nec auct.).  Type, by original designation and monotypy, Sylvia coronata, Latham = Motacilla coronata Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).
• (Sylviidae; syn. Sylvia † Eurasian Blackcap S. atricapilla) "The best and most appropriate name that has hitherto been applied to the fruit-eating birds, is the term Ficedula of Aldrovandus. The appellation Curruca (derived from the Latin word curro, to run), cannot with propriety be affixed to any genus of warblers, inasmuch as they all move forward by hopping; it would therefore, I think, be better to reject altogether the term Curruca, as objectionable and inappropriate, and consider the sylvan or fruit-warblers as constituting a genus Ficedula" (Blyth 1833); "Ficedula Blyth, 1833, Field Naturalist (ed. Rennie), I (7), p. 308.  New name for Curruca Bechstein, 1802, mistakenly considered derived from an inappropriate adjective (Curruca has a noun base)." (JAJ 2021).

ficedula
L. ficedula  small fig-eating bird that changed into the Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla in winter.
● "99. MOTACILLA.  ...  Ficedula.  11. M. subfusca, subtus alba, pectore cinereo maculato. Fn. svec. 231.  Ficedula cannabina. Will. orn. 163.  Raj. av. 81. n. 12.  Alb. av. 3. p. 25. t. 26.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; ?syn. Muscicapa striata).

westermani / westermanni
Dr Gerardus Frederik Westerman (1807-1890) Dutch zoologist, publisher, co-founder (1837) and Director of Zoological Gardens, Amsterdam 1843-1890 (subsp. Casuarius bennetti, syn. Casuarius unappendiculatus, subsp. Dendrocopos macei, syn. Ducula pinon jobiensis, ‡syn. Eclectus roratus, Ficedula).

SUBSPECIES

Little Pied Flycatcher (collini)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni collini
collini
Johan Albert Collin (1875-1952) Finnish engineer, ornithologist, collector (Björn Bergenholtz in litt.) (subsp. Ficedula westermanni).

Little Pied Flycatcher (australorientis)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni australorientis
australorientis
L. australis  southern  < auster, austri  south; oriens, orientis  east, orient.

Little Pied Flycatcher (langbianis)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni langbianis
langbianensis / langbianis
Lang Bian Plateau, Annam (= central Vietnam).

Little Pied Flycatcher (westermanni)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni westermanni
westermani / westermanni
Dr Gerardus Frederik Westerman (1807-1890) Dutch zoologist, publisher, co-founder (1837) and Director of Zoological Gardens, Amsterdam 1843-1890 (subsp. Casuarius bennetti, syn. Casuarius unappendiculatus, subsp. Dendrocopos macei, syn. Ducula pinon jobiensis, ‡syn. Eclectus roratus, Ficedula).

Little Pied Flycatcher (hasselti)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni hasselti
hasselti / hasseltii
Dr Johan Conrad van Hasselt (1797-1823) Dutch surgeon-naturalist on Java 1820-1823 (syn. Anthus rufulus malayensis, subsp. Ficedula westermanni, syn. Leptocoma brasiliana).

Little Pied Flycatcher (mayri)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni mayri
mayri
Dr Ernst Walter Mayr (1904-2005) German evolutionary biologist, ornithologist, systematist (syn. Aerodramus hirundinaceus, subsp. Amblyornis macgregoriae, subsp. Athene brama, syn. Burhinus oedicnemus indicus, subsp. Cecropis daurica, subsp. Cincloramphus macrurus, syn. Cinclosoma castanotum, subsp. Culicicapa helianthea, subsp. Ficedula westermanni, subsp. Lewinia pectoralis, subsp. Lonchura spectabilis, subsp. Megalaima virens, syn. Mixornis gularis rubicapilla, subsp. Mulleripicus funebris, syn. Phonygammus keraudrenii purpureoviolaceus, syn. Pogoniulus chrysoconus, Ptiloprora, subsp. Ptilorrhoa leucosticta, Rallicula, syn. Rhinortha chlorophaea, subsp. Roraimia adusta, subsp. Sarcophanops steerii, subsp. Tregellasia leucops, subsp. Trugon terrestris, subsp. Turnix maculosus, subsp. Zapornia pusilla).

Little Pied Flycatcher (rabori)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni rabori
rabori
Dr Dioscoro Siarot Rabor (1911-1996) Filipino ornithologist, conservationist (subsp. Ficedula westermanni, ‡subsp. Hypothymis coelestis, subsp. Orthotomus castaneiceps, Rhabdornis, Robsonius).

Little Pied Flycatcher (palawanensis)
Latin Name: Ficedula westermanni palawanensis
palawana / palawanense / palawanensis / palawanorum / palawanus
Palawan, Philippines.