Chlorodrepanis Virens Bird

English Name:  Hawaii Amakihi
Latin Name:  Chlorodrepanis virens
Protonym:  Certhia virens Syst.Nat. 1 pt1 p.479
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Fringillidae / Chlorodrepanis
Taxonomy Code:  hawama
Type Locality:  Sandwich Islands.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1788
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CHLORODREPANIS
(Fringillidae; Ϯ Kauai Amakihi C. stejnegeri) Gr. χλωρος khlōros  green; genus Drepanis Temminck, 1820, mamo; "Leaving this question for future solution, it must here be remarked that of the species attributed in the present work to the genus Himatione, H. sanguinea, which is the type of that genus, should in Mr. Perkins's opinion alone remain in it ¹, while those with straight bill (H. maculata, H. montana, H. mana, and H. newtoni)— though not H. parva — together with Loxops flammea, should be referred to Oreomyza and those with a curved bill should be placed in a new genus Chlorodrepanis, which he thus characterizes: — "Primaries pointed and not truncate at the apex; nasal opercula with bristles at the base and not overhung by antrorse feathers; brush tongue thin and tubular; second primary a little shorter than the third; bill curved." Hence we have:— Chlorodrepanis stejnegeri, C. chloris, C. chloridoïdes, C. kalaana, C. virens, C. wilsoni   ...   ¹ H. freethi of the island of Laysan forming a second species." (Wilson & Evans 1899); "Chlorodrepanis Wilson and Evans (ex Perkins MS), 1899, Aves Hawaiienses, p. xxi. Type, by subsequent designation (Richmond, 1902, Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., 24, p. 673), Himatione stejnegeri Wilson." (Greenway in Peters, 1986, XIV, p. 96). The taxonomy of the Hawaiian honeycreepers is complex. The Kauai Amakihi (formerly Hemignathus kauaiensis) and its congeners have, in the past, been placed in divergent genera necessitating changes of specific names.

virens
L. virens, virentis  green  < virere  to be green.
● ex “Olive-green Creeper” of Latham 1782 (Chlorodrepanis).
● ex “Gobe-mouche cendré de la Caroline” of Brisson 1760 (Contopus).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  virens.  16. T. nigro-virens, subtus lutescens, superciliis albis.  Oenanthe americana, pectore luteo. Catesb. car. I. p. 50. t. 50.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Icteria).
● ex “Grand Barbu de la Chine” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 871, “Grand Barbu” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Grand Barbet” of Latham 1783 (Psilopogon).
● ex "Ficedula pensilvanica gutture nigro" of Brisson 1760, "Black-throated Green Fly-catcher" of Edwards 1760, "Figuier à cravatte noire" of de Buffon 1770-1783, and "Green Warbler" of Latham 1783 and Pennant 1785 (Setophaga).
● ex “Merle de St.-Domingue” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 273, fig. 1, and “Merle olive de St.-Domingue” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (unident.;?Vireo sp.).

SUBSPECIES

Hawaii Amakihi (Maui)
Latin Name: Chlorodrepanis virens wilsoni
wilsoni
• Wilson's Inlet, southern Western Australia (syn. Acanthorhynchus superciliosus, syn. Calidris ferruginea).
• Lt.-Commander Roy Buchanan Wilson (1890-1979) Royal Navy, collector (Paul Scofield in litt.) (syn. Bradypterus barratti godfreyi, subsp. Crithagra sulphurata, syn. Erythropygia quadrivirgata).
• Dr Thomas Bellerby Wilson (1807-1865) US naturalist, patron of Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (Callaeas (ex “Glaucopis nova species” of Wilson MS), Coeligena).
• Dr Edward Adrian Wilson (1872-1912) English surgeon, zoologist, artist, Antarctic explorer with Scott 1901-1904, 1910-1912 (syn. Catharacta maccormicki, syn. Fregata ariel trinitatis, syn. Macronectes giganteus, syn. Pterodroma arminjoniana).
• Scott Burchard Wilson (1865-1923) English ornithologist, collector (subsp. Chlorodrepanis virens, Hemignathus, ‡syn. Zapornia sandwichensis).
• Alexander Wilson (1766-1813) Scottish/US pioneer naturalist, father of American ornithology (syn. Charadrius wilsonia, syn. Fulica americana, syn. Gallinago delicata, syn. Melanitta americana, syn. Oceanites oceanicus, syn. Pluvialis squatarola, syn. Steganopus tricolor, syn. Sterna hirundo) (see wilsonii).
• Ernest Henry Wilson (1876-1930) English botanist, plant collector in China 1899-1910 and Japan 1911-1916 (syn. Ithaginis cruentus).
• Francis Erasmus Wilson (1888-1960) Australian analytical chemist, entomologist, ornithologist, collector, RAOU Secretary 1911-1912 (syn. Manorina melanotis, syn. Poodytes gramineus goulburni).
• "The species name is derived from the family name Wilson, after the owners of Frome Downs Station, [South Australia] who have generously provided access and hospitality to collectors of fossil material from their property for many years." (Baird & Vickers-Rich 1998) (OD per Fred Ruhe).  Bill, Laura, Alec and Debbie Wilson sold the property in 2010 (‡Paloelodus).
• Maj. Robert Adams Wilson (1876-1964) New Zealand Army, farmer, hunter, ornithologist (subsp. Poodytes punctatus).
• Capt. Malcolm Wilson (1869-1900) British Army in Ashanti 1900 (Vidua).

Hawaii Amakihi (Hawaii)
Latin Name: Chlorodrepanis virens virens
virens
L. virens, virentis  green  < virere  to be green.
● ex “Olive-green Creeper” of Latham 1782 (Chlorodrepanis).
● ex “Gobe-mouche cendré de la Caroline” of Brisson 1760 (Contopus).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  virens.  16. T. nigro-virens, subtus lutescens, superciliis albis.  Oenanthe americana, pectore luteo. Catesb. car. I. p. 50. t. 50.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Icteria).
● ex “Grand Barbu de la Chine” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 871, “Grand Barbu” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Grand Barbet” of Latham 1783 (Psilopogon).
● ex "Ficedula pensilvanica gutture nigro" of Brisson 1760, "Black-throated Green Fly-catcher" of Edwards 1760, "Figuier à cravatte noire" of de Buffon 1770-1783, and "Green Warbler" of Latham 1783 and Pennant 1785 (Setophaga).
● ex “Merle de St.-Domingue” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 273, fig. 1, and “Merle olive de St.-Domingue” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (unident.;?Vireo sp.).