Lybius Torquatus Bird

English Name:  Black-collared Barbet
Latin Name:  Lybius torquatus
Protonym:  Bucco torquatus Dict.Sci.Nat. 4 p.56
Taxonomy:  Piciformes / Lybiidae / Lybius
Taxonomy Code:  blcbar1
Type Locality:  Brazil.
Author:  Dumont
Publish Year:  1816
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

LYBIUS
(Lybiidae; Ϯ Black-billed Barbet L. guifsobalito) Gr. λιβυος libuos unidentified bird, possibly allied to the woodpeckers, mentioned by Aristotle and Aristophanes; L. Libya or Libua  Africa; "Libyum novum Avium genus ⁿ⁾   ...   ⁿ⁾ Neque minus hæc avis mirum confusarum notarum exemplum est. Rostrum Loxiæ Coccothraustis forma, eadem cum illa durioribus nucibus vivendi ratio, iidem mores; unde Coccothrausti subjunxit BUFFONIUS T. 111. p. 471. Sed rostrum illi serratim incisum margine, quod nulli ex Passeribus competit, nec ea nota alii propior est quam Trogonii, cui & duobus modo digitis anterioribus congruit: at unum tantum posteriorem nacta est, in quo cum Pico tridactylo & Alcedine tridactyla convenit. Guifsobalito, nominis abyssinici partem, avi nomen fecit BUFFONIUS, a clar. Anglo equite BRUCE adlatæ, cui inter Picas sine dubio locandæ, quum latinum quoque genericum nomen invenire æquum sit, placuit Lybius, quæ vox & patriam exprimit & ARISTOTELI jam adhibita est. Facile quoque erit locum in tabula reperire: inter Bucerotem & Trogonem serratirostres aves poni poterit, punctataque linea & cum hoc connecti & cum Pico tridactylo; dein alia ad sinistram excurrat usque ad marginem tabulæ, ubi stellula pingatur, quæ inflexa tabula ostendet locum ubi in opposito latere alia inscribenda erit, cui aliquanto sursum nunc movenda Lox. Coccothraustes respondeat." (Hermann 1783); "Lybius Hermann, Tabl. Affin. Anim., 1783, p. 217, note n. Type, by monotypy, Lybius guifsobalito Hermann." (Peters 1948, VI, 55). 
Synon. Balitus, Eolybius, Erythrobucco, Hyreus, Laimodon, Leucolybius, Melanobucco, Pogonodon.

torquatus
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Tangara de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 742 (syn. Arremon taciturnus).
● ex “Pic à cravate noire” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 863 (Celeus).
● ex “Pluvier à collier” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Ring Plover” of Leach 1816 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Pluvier à collier de S. Domingue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius vociferus ternominatus).
● ex “Clouded Shrike” of Latham 1787 (Cracticus).
● ex “Barbu à Plastron Noir” of Levaillant 1806 (Lybius).
● ex “Ring Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (subsp. Phasianus colchicus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 551, and “Perruche à collier couleur de rose” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Psittacula krameri).
● ex “Cochitenacatl” of Hernandez 1651, “Toucan à collier du Méxique” of Brisson 1760, “Cochicat” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Collared Toucan” of Latham 1781 (Pteroglossus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (Saxicola).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  torquatus.  13. T. nigricans, torque albo, rostro flavescente. Faun. svec. 185.  Merula torquata. Gesn. av. 607. Aldr. orn. l. 16. t. 11. Will. orn. 143. t. 37. Raj. av. 65. n. 2. Alb. av. I. p. 37. t. 39. Frisch. av. 30. f. 1. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Turdus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite Perruche à collier de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Collared Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

Black-collared Barbet (pumilio)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus pumilio
pumilio
L. pumilio, pumilionis  dwarf  < pumilus  dwarf.

Black-collared Barbet (irroratus)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus irroratus
irrorata / irroratus
L. irroratus  bedewed, sprinkled  < irrorare  to bedew  < in  towards; rorare  to bedew.

Black-collared Barbet (zombae)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus zombae
zombae
● Mt. Zomba, Shiré Highlands, Nyasaland (= Malawi) (subsp. Lybius torquatus).
● Zomba Plains, Nyasaland (syn. Mirafra rufocinnamomea fischeri).

Black-collared Barbet (congicus)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus congicus
congica / congicus / congo / congoensis
Congo or Belgian Congo / DR Congo.

Black-collared Barbet (vivacens)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus vivacens
vivacens
Mod. L. vivacens, vivacentis  bright, sprightly  < L. vivax, vivacis  vivacious, lively  < vivere  to be alive.

Black-collared Barbet (bocagei)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus bocagei
bocagei
Prof. José Vicente Barboza du Bocage (1823-1907) Portuguese ornithologist, father of Angolan ornithology (Bostrychia, Chlorophoneus, syn. Cinnyricinclus leucogaster verreauxi, Coccopygia, syn. Cyanoderma chrysaeum frigidum, subsp. Euplectes axillaris, subsp. Illadopsis rufipennis, subsp. Lybius torquatus, Sheppardia, subsp. Tchagra australis, syn. Tockus deckeni, subsp. Turdus pelios).

Black-collared Barbet (torquatus)
Latin Name: Lybius torquatus torquatus
torquatus
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Tangara de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 742 (syn. Arremon taciturnus).
● ex “Pic à cravate noire” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 863 (Celeus).
● ex “Pluvier à collier” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Ring Plover” of Leach 1816 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Pluvier à collier de S. Domingue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius vociferus ternominatus).
● ex “Clouded Shrike” of Latham 1787 (Cracticus).
● ex “Barbu à Plastron Noir” of Levaillant 1806 (Lybius).
● ex “Ring Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (subsp. Phasianus colchicus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 551, and “Perruche à collier couleur de rose” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Psittacula krameri).
● ex “Cochitenacatl” of Hernandez 1651, “Toucan à collier du Méxique” of Brisson 1760, “Cochicat” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Collared Toucan” of Latham 1781 (Pteroglossus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (Saxicola).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  torquatus.  13. T. nigricans, torque albo, rostro flavescente. Faun. svec. 185.  Merula torquata. Gesn. av. 607. Aldr. orn. l. 16. t. 11. Will. orn. 143. t. 37. Raj. av. 65. n. 2. Alb. av. I. p. 37. t. 39. Frisch. av. 30. f. 1. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Turdus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite Perruche à collier de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Collared Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (unident.).