Arremon Torquatus Bird

English Name:  White-browed Brushfinch
Latin Name:  Arremon torquatus
Protonym:  Embernagra torquata Mag.Zool. 7 cl.2 p.34
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Passerellidae / Arremon
Taxonomy Code:  sthbrf2
Type Locality:  Yungas, Bolivia; type from Carcuata, vide Hellmayr, 1938, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 11, p. 421.
Author:  d''Orbigny & Lafresnaye
Publish Year:  1837
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ARREMON
(Passerellidae; Ϯ Pectoral Sparrow A. taciturnus) Gr. αρρημων arrhēmōn, αρρημονος arrhēmonos  silent, without speech  < negative prefix α- a- ; ῥημων rhēmōn, ῥημονος rhēmonos  speaker  < ερω erō  I will speak  < λεγω legō  to speak; “Oiseau silentieux  ... il ne va pas en compagnie, on le trouve toujours seul dans le fond des grands bois fort éloignés des endroits habités, & on ne l'a jamais entendu ramager ni même jeter aucun cri" (de Buffon 1770-1783); "67. ARREMON, Arremon.  Tanagra, Linn. Gm. Lath.  Bec médiocre un peu fort, conico-convexe, à bords courbés en dedans, échancré et fléchi à la pointe.— Première remige plus courte que la septième.   Esp. Oiseau silencieux, Buff." (Vieillot 1816); "Arremon Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 32. Type, by monotypy, "L'Oiseau Silencieux" of Buffon = Tanagra taciturna Hermann." (Paynter in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 182).
Var. Aremon, Arrhemon, Aneman, Arremo.
Synon. Buarremon, Lysurus.

torquatus
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Tangara de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 742 (syn. Arremon taciturnus).
● ex “Pic à cravate noire” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 863 (Celeus).
● ex “Pluvier à collier” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Ring Plover” of Leach 1816 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Pluvier à collier de S. Domingue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius vociferus ternominatus).
● ex “Clouded Shrike” of Latham 1787 (Cracticus).
● ex “Barbu à Plastron Noir” of Levaillant 1806 (Lybius).
● ex “Ring Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (subsp. Phasianus colchicus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 551, and “Perruche à collier couleur de rose” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Psittacula krameri).
● ex “Cochitenacatl” of Hernandez 1651, “Toucan à collier du Méxique” of Brisson 1760, “Cochicat” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Collared Toucan” of Latham 1781 (Pteroglossus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (Saxicola).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  torquatus.  13. T. nigricans, torque albo, rostro flavescente. Faun. svec. 185.  Merula torquata. Gesn. av. 607. Aldr. orn. l. 16. t. 11. Will. orn. 143. t. 37. Raj. av. 65. n. 2. Alb. av. I. p. 37. t. 39. Frisch. av. 30. f. 1. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Turdus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite Perruche à collier de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Collared Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

White-browed Brushfinch (torquatus)
Latin Name: Arremon torquatus torquatus
torquatus
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Tangara de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 742 (syn. Arremon taciturnus).
● ex “Pic à cravate noire” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 863 (Celeus).
● ex “Pluvier à collier” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Ring Plover” of Leach 1816 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Pluvier à collier de S. Domingue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius vociferus ternominatus).
● ex “Clouded Shrike” of Latham 1787 (Cracticus).
● ex “Barbu à Plastron Noir” of Levaillant 1806 (Lybius).
● ex “Ring Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (subsp. Phasianus colchicus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 551, and “Perruche à collier couleur de rose” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Psittacula krameri).
● ex “Cochitenacatl” of Hernandez 1651, “Toucan à collier du Méxique” of Brisson 1760, “Cochicat” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Collared Toucan” of Latham 1781 (Pteroglossus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (Saxicola).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  torquatus.  13. T. nigricans, torque albo, rostro flavescente. Faun. svec. 185.  Merula torquata. Gesn. av. 607. Aldr. orn. l. 16. t. 11. Will. orn. 143. t. 37. Raj. av. 65. n. 2. Alb. av. I. p. 37. t. 39. Frisch. av. 30. f. 1. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Turdus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite Perruche à collier de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Collared Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

White-browed Brushfinch (fimbriatus)
Latin Name: Arremon torquatus fimbriatus
fimbriata / fimbriatum / fimbriatus
L. fimbriatus  fringed  < fimbriae  fringe, border.
• "66.  TROCHILUS.   ...       fimbriatus.  45. Tr. viridi-aureus, subtus griseus, cauda chalybea apice grisea, pectoris pennis albo fimbriatis.   Mellisuga cayennensis gutture naevio. Briss. av. 3. p. 706, n. 7. t. 36. f. 2.   Oiseau-mouche à gorge tachetée. Buff. hist. nat. des ois. 6. p. 31.   Oiseau-mouche tacheté de Cayenne. Buff. planch. enlum. n. 276. f. 2.   Spotted-necked Humming-bird. Lath. syn. I. 2. p. 772. n. 36." (J. Gmelin 1788) (Amazilia).
• "Anas fimbriata.  Gesäumte Ente.  So nenne ich Azara's Canard à bec rouge et plombé.  ...  Wangen und Kehle sind weiß, die Schultern und Steißfedern schwarz, mit fuchsrothem Rande  ...  die Ruderfedern weißlich, mit fuchsrother Einfassung" (Merrem 1841) (syn. Anas bahamensis rubrirostris).
• "Buarremon fimbriatus, new species    SPECIFIC CHARACTERS. —Resembling Buarremon torquatus (d'Orbigny and Lafresnaye) but back paler; tail olive-greenish, as in B. phygas of northeastern Venezuela; white superciliary stripe reaching the base of the bill; breast-band conspicuously margined with white or whitish; flanks and under tail-coverts paler; wings and tail averaging longer; bill shorter." (Chapman 1923) (subsp. Arremon torquatus).
• "The weather proving uncomfortably wet gave us little chance of meeting with any variety of birds; we were fortunate enough however to fall in with some rare and uncommon cockatoos, one of which Mr. Barreillier shot, and a faithful representation of it will be found in the annexed Plate, after a design from the elegant pencil of Major-General Davies, of the Royal Artillery, to whom Governor King presented the preserved specimen.   ...   [plate] PSITTACUS FIMBRIATUS  FRINGE CRESTED COCKATOO.  From New South Wales in the Museum of Major General Davies, to whom this plate is respectfully inscribed by James Grant. Lieutenant Royal Navy." (J. Grant 1803) (Callocephalon).
• " ÉCHENILLEUR FRANGÉ.   CEBLEPHYRIS FIMBRIATUS.  TEMM.   ...    La femelle adulte  ...  les joues, et généralement toutes les parties inférieures, sont rayées de zigzags blancs, noirâtres et cendrés  ...  Nous avons figuré, pl. 250, une femelle un peu plus jeune  ...  toutes les pennes des ailes sont lisérées de blanc ou de cendré-clair; on voit des zigzags sur l'extrémité blanche des pennes caudales" (Temminck 1824) (Lalage).
• "Matacilla [sic] fimbriata, the gauze-tailed warbler.  This small species, which is about the size of a wren, inhabits the island of Java; at least it was sent from that place to M. Temminck of Amsterdam, and from him to Mons. Vaillant.  The most remarkable thing in this species is the manner in which the tail-quills are barbed; the feathers are so thinly scattered along the quills, as to have the appearance at first sight of their having been stripped; but upon examination they are so regular, that there is no doubt but the "fringe or gauze tail" is the specific character.  ...  The tail is longer than the body; the quills are almost black for half their length; the remainder and the barbs are of a red brown; the tail is so transparent, from the feathers being so thinly sown, that when laid upon paper you may read through it as through a piece of the finest gauze." (Wilkes 1817) (?syn. Stipiturus malachurus).

White-browed Brushfinch (borellii)
Latin Name: Arremon torquatus borellii
borelli / borelliana / borellianum / borellianus / borellii
● Dr Alfredo Borelli (1858-1943) Italian zoologist, collector in Argentina and Paraguay 1893-1896 (subsp. Arremon torquatus, subsp. Ciccaba virgata, syn. Pachyramphus castaneus, syn. Pyrrhura frontalis chiripepe).
● Prof. Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679) Italian mathematician, physicist, physiologist (syn. Merops superciliosus (ex “Guêpier de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 259)).