Cincloramphus Timoriensis Bird

English Name:  Tawny Grassbird
Latin Name:  Cincloramphus timoriensis
Protonym:  Megalurus timoriensis Proc.Zool.Soc.London(1863) (1863), Pt3 p.489
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Locustellidae / Cincloramphus
Taxonomy Code:  tawgra3
Type Locality:  Timor.
Author:  Wallace
Publish Year:  1864
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CINCLORAMPHUS
(Locustellidae; Ϯ Brown Songlark C. cruralis) Mod. L. cinclus  thrush  < Gr. κιγκλος kinklos  unknown waterside bird; ῥαμφος rhamphos  bill; "Genus CINCLORAMPHUS.   Bill rather shorter than the head; culmen slightly arched; the tip distinctly notched; the commissure slightly angulated at the base, and somewhat incurved for the remainder of its length; nostrils, lateral, oval; wings moderate, rigid, first quill very long and nearly equal to the second and third, which are the longest; tertials nearly as long as the primaries; tail rather small and cuneiform; tarsi very strong and scutellated anteriorly; toes long and powerful, particularly the hinder one and claw, which is articulated on the same plane with the inner toe; lateral toes nearly equal.  Type. Megalurus cruralis, Vig. and Horsf." (Gould 1838); "Cincloramphus Gould, 1838, Synop. Birds Australia, pt. 4, app., p. 4.  Type, by original designation, Megalurus cruralis Vigors and Horsfield." (Mayr in Peters, 1986, XI, p. 44).
Var. Cynclorhamphus, Cynchlorhamphus, Cinctorhamphus.
Synon. Dulciornis, Maclennania, Ptenoedus.

timorense / timorensis / timoriense / timoriensis
Timor, Dutch East Indies / Indonesia.

SUBSPECIES

Tawny Grassbird (tweeddalei)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis tweeddalei
tweedalii / tweeddalei / tweeddali / tweeddalii
Col. Arthur Hay Viscount Walden and 9^th Marquis of Tweeddale (1824-1878) British Army, traveller, naturalist (subsp. Cincloramphus timoriensis, Irena, syn. Pernis ptilorhynchus).

Tawny Grassbird (mindorensis)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis mindorensis
mindorensis
Mindoro, Philippines.

Tawny Grassbird (alopex)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis alopex
alopex
Gr. αλωπηξ alōpēx, αλωπεκος alōpekos  fox (i.e. fox-coloured, tawny-red, coppery-red).

Tawny Grassbird (crex)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis crex
CREX
(Rallidae; Ϯ Corncrake C. crex) Specific name Rallus crex Linnaeus, 1758; "LIIII. Gattung: Knarrer. Crex.   Schnabel: Kurz, an den Seiten zusammengedrückt, fast bis an die Spitze gleich breit.  Nasenlöcher: Länglich, in der Mitte des Schnabels.  Füße: Mit mittelmäßig langen getrennten Zehen.  Leib: Zusammengedrückt.   Diese Gattung hält das Mittel zwischen der vorhergehenden [Rallus] und nachfolgenden [Gallinula] in Lebensart, Schnabel und Fußform.   * 1. Wiesenknarrer (Wachtelkönig: C. pratensis, mihi)  ...  Rallus Crex, Linné." (Bechstein 1803); "Crex Bechstein, Orn. Taschenb. Deutschl, Th. 2, 1803, p. 336. Type, by monotypy and tautonymy, Crex pratensis Bechstein = Rallus crex Linné." (Peters, 1934, II, p. 181). In former days the rasping call of the Corncrake was commonly heard in Britain, but its numbers and distribution have dramatically shrunk due to changed farming practices and loss of habitat.
Synon. Crecopsis, Ortygometra.

Tawny Grassbird (celebensis)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis celebensis
celebense / celebensis
Celebes, Dutch East Indies / Sulawesi, Indonesia.

Tawny Grassbird (amboinensis)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis amboinensis
amboinense / amboinensis / amboynensis
Amboina or Amboyna, Moluccas, Dutch East Indies / Ambon, Indonesia.
● ex “Psittaca Amboinensis coccinea” of Brisson 1760 (Alisterus).
● ex “Turtur Amboinensis” of Brisson 1760 (Macropygia).
● ex “Figuier Rouge” of Levaillant 1803, fig. 136 (unident.;?syn. Myzomela sp.).
● ex “Avis amboinensis” or “Calatti” of Seba 1734-1765, “Tangara amboinensis caerulea” of Brisson 1760, and “Amboina Tanager” of Latham 1783 (unident.).
● ex “Avicula amboinensis cinerea” of Seba 1734-1765, “Merula amboinensis” of Brisson 1760, “Merle d’Amboine” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Amboine Thrush” of Latham 1783 (unident.).

Tawny Grassbird (inquirendus)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis inquirendus
inquirendus
L. inquirendus  that which is to be investigated or examined  < inquirire  to investigate  < in  towards; quaerere  to seek.

Tawny Grassbird (timoriensis)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis timoriensis
timorense / timorensis / timoriense / timoriensis
Timor, Dutch East Indies / Indonesia.

Tawny Grassbird (muscalis)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis muscalis
muscale / muscalis
L. musca  fly  < Gr. μυια muia, μυιας muias  fly; -alis  pertaining to (cf. ala, alae  wing).
● Upper Fly River, New Guinea (subsp. Cinclosoma ajax).
● Middle Fly River, New Guinea (subsp. Megalurus timoriensis).

Tawny Grassbird (alisteri)
Latin Name: Cincloramphus timoriensis alisteri
alisteri
Alister William Mathews (1907-1985) son of Australian ornithologist Gregory Mathews (syn. Ceyx azureus ruficollaris, syn. Cincloramphus mathewsi, subsp. Cincloramphus timoriensis, Cinclosoma, syn. Fregetta grallaria, syn. Histriophaps histrionica, syn. Ixobrychus dubius, syn. Melithreptus affinis, syn. Petrophassa albipennis, subsp. Rhipidura albiscapa).