Emberiza Schoeniclus Bird

English Name:  Reed Bunting
Latin Name:  Emberiza schoeniclus
Protonym:  Fringilla schoeniclus Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.182
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Emberizidae / Emberiza
Taxonomy Code:  reebun
Type Locality:  Europe; restricted to Sweden by Hartert, 1904, Vogel pal. Fanua, p. 194.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

EMBERIZA
(Emberizidae; Ϯ Yellowhammer E. citrinella) Old Swiss German name Embritz for a bunting  < Old German Ammer  bunting. "97. EMBERIZA.  Rostrum conicum.  Mandibulæ basi deorsum a se invicem discedentes: inferiore lateribus inflexo-coarctata; superiore angustiore." (Linnaeus 1758); "Emberiza Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 177. Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, ed. 1, p. 47), Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 5). Linnaeus's Emberiza comprised fourteen species (E. nivalis, E. Calandra, E. Hortulana, E. Citrinella, E. Orix, E. Quelea, E. militaris, E. atrata, E. familiaris, E. flaveola, E. psittacea, E. paradisæa, E. Ciris, E. Alario).  
Var. Emberyza, Emberitza, Embritza, Embriza, Emberisa, Emeberiza.   
Synon. Buscarla, Chrysophrys, Cia, Cirlus, Citrinella, Cosmospina, Cristemberiza, Crithophaga, Cynchramus, Fringillaria, Fringilloides, Glycyspina, Granativora, Hortulana, Hortulanus, Hylaespiza, Hypocentor, Latoucheornis, Melophus, Miliaria, Ocyris, Onychospina, Orospina, Pityornis, Polymitra, Pyrrhulorhyncha, Schaenicola, Schoeniclus, Spina, Spodiospina, Tisa.

schoeniclus
Gr. σχοινικλος skhoiniklos  small waterside bird, variously identified, mentioned by Aristotle; "98. FRINGILLA.  ...  Schœniclus.  26. F. rectricibus fuscis: extimis duabus macula alba cuneiformi, corpore grieso nigrioque, capite nigro.  Fringilla capite nigro, maxillis rufis, torque albo, corpore rufo-nigricante. Fn. svec. 211.  Passer aquaticus s. Schœniclos. Gesn. av. 652.  Junco s. Passer arundinaceus. Aldr. orn. 529.  Passer torquatus in arundinetis nidificans. Will. orn. 196. Raj. orn. 93. n. 3.  Cannevarola. Ald. av. 2. p. 47. t. 51.  Habitat in Europa.  Similis F. domesticæ gula nigra, sed capite nigro, collari albo, cauda maxime forcipata." (Linnaeus 1758) (Emberiza).  

Schoeniclus
Gr. σχοινικλος skhoiniklos  unknown waterside bird, perhaps a wagtail. 
● (syn. Calidris Ϯ Dunlin C. alpina) "94. RIETHOEN, in 't Latyn Schoeniclus" (Moehring 1758); "SCHŒNICLUS, Mœhr. (1752).  Pelidna, Cuv. (1817).  Tringa, L.  Cinclus, Briss.  Tringa, 2nd div. Temm.    S. cinclus, (L.) G. R. Gray. Pl. enl. 851. 852.  T. alpina, L." (G. Gray 1841); "Schoeniclus G. R. Gray, 1841, List Genera Birds, ed. 2, p. 89. Type, by monotypy, Schœniclus cinclus G. R. Gray = Tringa alpina Linnaeus." (mihi 3/19).    Var. Schaeniclus.
● (syn. Emberiza Ϯ Reed Bunting E. schoeniclus) "75  SCHOENICLVS ARUNDINACEVS.   REED BUNTING." (T. Forster 1817) (cf. specific name Fringilla schoeniclus Linnaeus, 1758).   Var. Schoenicula.

SUBSPECIES

Reed Bunting (schoeniclus)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus schoeniclus
schoeniclus
Gr. σχοινικλος skhoiniklos  small waterside bird, variously identified, mentioned by Aristotle; "98. FRINGILLA.  ...  Schœniclus.  26. F. rectricibus fuscis: extimis duabus macula alba cuneiformi, corpore grieso nigrioque, capite nigro.  Fringilla capite nigro, maxillis rufis, torque albo, corpore rufo-nigricante. Fn. svec. 211.  Passer aquaticus s. Schœniclos. Gesn. av. 652.  Junco s. Passer arundinaceus. Aldr. orn. 529.  Passer torquatus in arundinetis nidificans. Will. orn. 196. Raj. orn. 93. n. 3.  Cannevarola. Ald. av. 2. p. 47. t. 51.  Habitat in Europa.  Similis F. domesticæ gula nigra, sed capite nigro, collari albo, cauda maxime forcipata." (Linnaeus 1758) (Emberiza).  

Reed Bunting (witherbyi)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus witherbyi
witherbyi
Henry “Harry” Forbes Witherby (1873-1943) English ornithologist (subsp. Emberiza schoeniclus, subsp. Erithacus rubecula).

Reed Bunting (intermedia)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus intermedia
intermedea / intermedia / intermedianus / intermedium / intermedius
L. intermedius  intermediate, that is between (cf. Late L. intermedium  intervention, between two others; Med. L. intermedium  interval).  These epithets are common in ornithology, highlighting forms considered to have intermediate plumage, size, distribution, etc.; only a few are shown below.
• “Genus Ardea.   ...   A. intermedia.  ...  Habitat in insula Java.  Simillima habitu ac colore Ardeae flavirostri, eadem dimidio fere minor.” (Wagler 1829) (Ardea).
• "73.  Coracina papuensis papuensis Gm.   ...   The birds from the Snow Mts. are exactly intermediate between C. p. papuensis from N. W. New Guinea and C. p. meekiana from S. E. New Guinea; so I propose to call the race found on the south side of the Central Range.   Coracina papuensis intermedia subsp. nov." (Rothschild 1931) (subsp. Coracina papuensis).
• "Ce tinamou présente, comme nous l'avons dit, des caractères de transition entre Calopezus elegans et Calopezus formosus.  Cette nouvelle espèce, ou peut-être race intermédiaire, qui paraît localisée dans les régions montagneuses du Nord-ouest de la République Argentine, nous la distinguerons avec le nom de:  Calopezus intermedius n. sp.   ...   Il est possible que Calopezus intermedius et Calopezus formosus représentent seulement des formes géographiques de Calopezus elegans" (Dabbene & Lillo 1913) ( subsp. Eudromia elegans).
• "Formicivora   ...   F. grisea  ...  Kommt in Brasilien, Cayenne und Guiana vor.   ...   F. rufatra  ...  Vaterland: Brasilien und Bolivien.   ...   F. intermedia.  ...  Vaterland: Columbien" (Cabanis 1847) (Formicivora).
• "Falco pondicerianus apud Horsfield is a race intermediate to Haliastur indus of India proper and H. leucosternum of Australia, having dark central streaks to the white portion of the plumage, but considerably less developed than (constantly) in the Indian bird..  ...  Of very many examples of the Indian race examined or beheld close, I certainly have never seen one that had the dark streaks or lines so little developed as in the Javanese bird, or most assuredly I should have remarked it.  To what extent the Indian and Australian races may thus grade into each other, in other intermediate localities, remains to be ascertained.  ...  Mr. Gurney informs me that he thinks the Javanese race should be distinguished by the name intermedius." (Blyth 1865) (subsp. Haliastur indus).
• "Then we have in Tenasserim, most abundant in the hills, but extending in the cold weather to the sea-board and the plains of Pegu, a race of melaschistus, which I will, for convenience sake, denominate VOLVOCIVORA  INTERMEDIA.  It is very close to melaschistus, and as such I originally identified it, but with 24 specimens before me I find that sex being ascertained no specimen of it can be mistaken for a specimen of the corresponding sex of melaschistus, but it is much the same size, and the old males are nearly as possible the same colour as the females of melaschistus.  ...  I am very doubtful whether this should be considered a subspecies or not, but it is a very distinguishable and perfectly constant race, and not one single specimen of true melaschistus has occurred to us throughout the region in which it is so abundant, and it may be best therefore to characterize it by a distinct name." (Hume 1877) (subsp. Lalage melaschistos).
• "5.  SETOPHAGA  INTERMEDIA, Nob.  ...  Espèce typique intermédiaire entre la S. vulnerata et la S. verticalis, Lafresn.  Elle diffère de la première par un bec plus grand et plus large, par la gorge cendrée, par le coloris de la queue, par la couleur de l'abdomen; la S. verticalis, Lafr. est jaune d'œuf en dessous." (Hartlaub 1852) (subsp. Myioborus miniatus).
• "3. CRYPTOLOPHA  INTERMEDIA  La Touche, sp. n.   Near C. tephrocephala (Anders.) and C. affinis (Hodgs.).  Differs from the former in having a much shorter bill, and the secondary coverts distinctly tipped with pale yellow, forming a well-marked bar; from C. affinis it differs in having a ring of feathers round the eye, yellow." (La Touche 1898) (Phylloscopus).
• “728. —  Pipreola viridis intermedia  ...  Forme intermédiaire entre la P. viridis de la Bolivie et la P. melanolæma de l’Ecuador, plus voisine de la dernière.” (Taczanowski 1884) (Pipreola).
• "Ploceus intermedius.  Sehr nahe mit meinem Ploceus larvatus verwandte Art.  Vorderkopf bis über den hintern Augenwinkel, Kehle, Oberhals und Ohrengegend schwarz, Hinterkopf und Nacken röthlich braungelb.  Mitte der Brust orangengelb, Seiten des Halses und Unterkörpers citrongelb.  Rücken gelbgrün, gegen den Schwanz hin citronengelb." (Rüppell 1845) (Ploceus).
• “This species is somewhat intermediate between Palaeornis schisticeps and P. cyanocephala in size and coloration, but is nearer P. schisticeps” (Rothschild 1895) (syn. Psittacula cyanocephala x Psittacula himalayana).
• "RHIPIDURA  INTERMEDIA, sp. nov.  ...  Dr. Sharpe's description of Rhipidura rufifrons in the "Catalogue of Birds in the British Museum," vol. iv., p. 319 (1879), evidently applies to this species, for he describes the tail feathers as being "distinctly tipped with white."  The type of Rhipidura rufifrons characterized by Dr. Latham, was obtained in New South Wales, and has the tips of the tail feathers pale brown, not white.  In the latter respect Rhipidura intermedia agrees with R. torrida, described and figured (Proc. Zool. Soc., 1865, p. 477, pl. xxviii.) by Dr. Alfred Russel Wallace, from the island of Ternate, but R. torrida differs from R. intermedia in having the ear-coverts and upper breast black." (North 1902) (subsp. Rhipidura rufifrons).
• "Sp. intermedia n. sp.  ... Der [Sp.] hypoleuca im Schnabel und der ganzen Gestalt äusserst ähnlich, nur etwas kleiner, von dieser durch die nicht weisse, sondern graue Färbung der Kehle und Brust verschieden, mithin fast ganz so gefärbt wie Sp. plumbea, von welcher intermedia sich nur unterscheidet durch den grössern Schnabel und die kürzeren abgerundeteren, daher nicht so zugespitzten Flügel; auch sind Kehle und Brust etwas dunkler als in plumbea und fehlt das weisse Fleckchen an der Wurzel des Unterkiefers; der weisse Spiegel auf dem Flügel ist kleiner und versteckter" (Cabanis 1851) (Sporophila).
• "Thamnistes anabatinus intermedius subsp. nov.  ...  This form, based on but one specimen, is clearly an intermediate between T. æquatorialis of eastern Ecuador and southeastern Colombia, and the quite different T. anabatinus group of Panama to Mexico.  Its crown and back closely agree in color with those of æquatorialis while the underparts are similar to those of T. a. coronatus; the tail and wings externally are intermediate but nearer to those of coronatus." (Chapman 1914) (subsp. Thamnistes anabatinus).
• "33.  Thamnophilus intermedius, sp. nov.   SP. CHAR.—Adult male: Similar to that of T. nigricristatus LAWR., but bill larger, and feathers of crest largely white in middle portion; adult female similar to that of T. doliatus, but with larger bill." (Ridgway 1888) (subsp. Thamnophilus doliatus).
• "ZOSTEROPS  INTERMEDIA.  ...  Very near Z. flava, but a little larger, more yellow on the forehead and less on the upper tail-coverts, and the black subocular streak not extending so far forward  ...  Hab. Macassar and Lombock.   Remark.—Mr. G. R. Gray attached the MS. name of intermedius to my Macassar specimen." (Wallace 1864) (subsp. Zosterops chloris).

Reed Bunting (reiseri)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus reiseri
reiseri
Dr C. H. Othmar Reiser (1861-1936) Austrian ornithologist, Curator of Natural History Mus., Sarajevo 1887-1920, collector in Brazil 1903 (syn. Alectoris graeca, syn. Cettia cetti sericea, subsp. Cranioleuca vulpina, subsp. Emberiza schoeniclus, subsp. Iduna pallida, syn. Oenanthe hispanica, Phyllomyias, syn. Prunella collaris subalpina, subsp. Sittasomus griseicapillus, syn. Turdus viscivorus deichleri).

Reed Bunting (caspia)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus caspia
caspia / caspica / caspicus
L. Caspius Caspian, of the Caspian Sea.

Reed Bunting (korejewi)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus korejewi
korejevi / korejewi
Boris Pavlovich Koreev or Kareev (1878-1907) Russian ornithologist, collector in Turkistan 1902-1905 (Martin Schneider and Laurent Raty in litt.) (syn. Columba livia neglecta, syn. Dendrocopos leucopterus, subsp. Emberiza schoeniclus, subsp. Linaria flavirostris, subsp. Otis tarda, syn. Passer ammodendri, syn. Picoides tridactylus tianschanicus, syn. Podiceps auritus, syn. Poecile palustris, subsp. Rallus aquaticus, syn. Surnia ulula tianschanica).

Reed Bunting (pyrrhuloides)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus pyrrhuloides
pyrrhuloides
Genus Pyrrhula Brisson 1760, bullfinch; Gr. -οιδης -oidēs  resembling; "EMBERIZA pyrrhuloides.  TAB. XLIX. fig. 1.  E. rostro conoideo, capite atro, supra cano fuscoque liturata, subtus alba.  ...  Descr. Ad primum vultum similitudo summa cum Schoeniclo.  Sed ante omnia differt rostro crassiore, subadunco fere Pyrrhulae.  Magnitudo supra Schoeniclum." (Pallas 1811)  (subsp. Emberiza schoeniclus).

Reed Bunting (passerina)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus passerina
PASSERINA
(Cardinalidae; † Indigo Bunting P. cyanea) L. passerinus  sparrow-like (i.e. sparrow-sized)  < passer, passeris  sparrow; "55. PASSERINE, Passerina.  Fringilla, Emberiza, Linn. Gm. Lath.  Bec entier, moins large que la tête, un peu fort, droit, rétréci vers le bout, à bords inférieurs, quelquefois, les supérieurs fléchis en dedans, à ouverture dirigée obliquement et en en bas; mandibule supérieure à palais aplati, épais, lisse. — Ongle postérieur quelquefois plus long que le pouce, un peu crochu, ou droit et subulé.  3 sections.   Esp. Ministre. — Ortolan de riz, — de neige, Buff." (Vieillot 1816); "Passerina Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 30.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, ed. 1, p. 46), "Le Ministre" of Buffon = Tanagra cyanea Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1970, XIII, pp. 237-238).
Synon. Aurella, Coccoborus, Cyanospiza, Goniaphea, Guiraca, Spiza.
• (Passerellidae; syn. Ammospiza † Saltmarsh Sparrow A. caudacutus) "AMMODRAMUS, Swains.  Oriolus, Gm.  Fringilla, Wils.  Passerina, Vieill.  Spiza, Bonap.   A. caudacutus, (Gm.) Swains.  Wils. Am. Orn., pl. 34. f. 3." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 46 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, A. caudacutus Gm., i.e. Oriolus caudacutus Gmelin, 1788." (JAJ 2021).
• (Emberizidae; syn. Emberiza † Yellowhammer E. citrinella) "EMBERIZA, L.  Fringilla, L.  Passerina, Vieill.  Cynchramus, Boie.   E. citrinella, L., Pl. enl. 30. f. 1." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 47 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
• (Passerellidae; syn. Junco † Dark-eyed Junco J. hyemalis) "STRUTHUS, Bonap. nec Boie.  Emberiza, Gm.  Passerina, Vieill.   S. hyemalis, (Gm.) Bonap." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 46 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, S. hyemalis (Gm.), i.e. Fringilla hyemalis Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
• (Passerellidae; syn. Passerculus † Savannah Sparrow P. sandwichensis) "PASSERCULUS, Bonap.  Fringilla, Wils.  Zonotrichia, Jard.  Passerina, Vieill.  Cynchramus, Boie.   P. savanus, (Wils.) Bonap.  Wils. Am. Orn., pl. 34. f. 4.  P. savannarum, Vieill." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 46 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, P. savanus (Wils.) = Emberiza sandwichensis Gmelin, 1789." (JAJ 2021).
• (Calcariidae; syn. Plectrophenax † Snow Bunting P. nivalis) "Genre PASSERINE, Passerina.  ...  Ce genre contient deux espèces qui ne sont que de passage en France.   1. PASSERINE DE NEIGE, Passerina nivalis.   ...   2. PASSERINE GRAND-MONTAIN, Emberiza lapponica" (Vieillot 1825); "Passerina Vieillot, 1825, Faune Française, Oiseaux, I, p. 85.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 47), Emberiza nivalis Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
• (Passerellidae; syn. Spizella † Field Sparrow S. pusilla) "SPIZELLA, Bonap.  Fringilla, Wils.  Emberiza, Jard.  Passerina, Vieill.  Linaria, Boie.   S. pusilla, (Wils.) Bonap. Am. Orn., pl. 16. f. 2." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 46 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, Fringilla pusilla A. Wilson, 1810." (JAJ 2021).
• (Passerellidae; syn. Zonotrichia † White-crowned Sparrow Z. leucophrys) "ZONOTRICHIA, Swains.  Emberiza, Wils.  Spiza, Bonap.  Passerina, Vieill.   Z. leucophrys, (Wils.) Swains.  Wils. Am. Orn., pl. 31. f. 1." (G. Gray 1840); "Passerina "Vieill." G. Gray, 1840, List Genera Birds, p. 46 (nom. oblit.).  Type, by original designation, Z. leucophrys (Wils.), i.e. Emberiza leucophrys Forster, 1772." (JAJ 2021).

Reed Bunting (parvirostris)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus parvirostris
parvirostris
L. parvus  small; -rostris  -billed  < rostrum  beak.
● ex “Pato pico pequeño” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 432 (syn. Anas sibilatrix).
● "54.  Tetrao, L.   141. urogallus, L.  (major, Br.  crassirostris, Brehm.  hybridus, L. cum Lyr. tetrice.  medius, Leisl.  intermedius, Langsd.  pseudourogallus, Brehm.  maculatus, Brehm.  urogalloides, Nilss.)   142. parvirostris, Bp.  (urogalloides, Middend.)" (Bonaparte 1856).  According to Mlíkovsky 2012, "the Black-billed Capercaillie should be called Tetrao urogalloides Middendorff, 1853, not Tetrao parvirostris Bonaparte, 1856." (syn. Tetrao urogalloides).

Reed Bunting (pyrrhulina)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus pyrrhulina
pyrrhulina
Genus Pyrrhula Brisson 1760, bullfinch.

Reed Bunting (pallidior)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus pallidior
pallidior / pallidiora
L. pallidior, pallidioris  paler  < comp. pallidus  pale  < pallere  to be pale.

Reed Bunting (minor)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus minor
minor
L. minor  smaller  < comp. parvus  small. “Comparative names ... Specific names expressive of comparative size are also to be avoided, as they may be rendered inaccurate by the after-discovery of additional species. The names ... maximus, minor, minimus, etc. are examples of this objectionable practice” (Strickland Code 1842).
● ex “Short-eared Owl” of Pennant 1761 (syn. Asio flammeus).
● ex “Little Thrush” of Catesby 1731-1743, Edwards 1758-1764, Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785, “Turdus iliacus carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, and “Grivette de l’Amérique” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Catharus fuscescens).
● ex “Whip-poor-will” of Catesby 1731 (Chordeiles).
● ex “Coucou des palétuviers de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 813, “Petit Vieillard” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Mangrove Cuckow” of Latham 1782 (Coccyzus).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  minor.  12. P. albo nigroque varius vertice rubro, ano albido.  Picus albo nigroque varius, rectricibus tribus lateralibus seminigris. Fn. svec. 83. Hasselqv. iter. 242.  Picus varius tertius. Raj. av. 43.  Picus varius minor. Alb. av. I. p. 20. t. 20.  Habitat in Europa.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Dryobates).
● ex “Fregata minor” of Brisson 1760, “Petite Frégate” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Man of War Bird” of Edwards 1760, and “Lesser Frigate Pelican” of Latham 1785 (Fregata).
● ex “Petit Indicateur” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 242 (Indicator).
● ex “Pie-grièsche d’Italie” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 32, fig. 1 (Lanius).
● ex “Perruche à ailes noires” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite perruche de l’isle de Luçon, 4ème ésp.” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Loriculus philippensis).
● ex “Apiaster Philippensis minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Merops viridis americanus).
● ex “Little Woodcock” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (Microptera).
● ex “Troupiale de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 606, fig. 1, “Petit Troupiale noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Lesser black Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Molothrus ater).
● ex “Lesser Bird of Paradise” of Latham 1783 (Paradisaea).
● ex “Barbican à ventre rose” of Levaillant 1806 (Pogonornis).
● ex “Porphyrio minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Porphyrula martinica).
● ex “Colymbus fluviatilis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Tachybaptus ruficollis).
● ex “Huppe d’Afrique” of Audebert & Vieillot 1800-1802 (syn. Upupa africana).
● ex “Ringvia” of Brünnich 1764, and “Lesser Guillemot” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Uria aalge).

Reed Bunting (ukrainae)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus ukrainae
ukrainae
Ukraine.

Reed Bunting (incognita)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus incognita
incognita / incognitus
L. incognitus unknown, not examined, not identified  <  in-  not; cognitus  known  < cognoscere  to recognise.

Reed Bunting (zaidamensis)
Latin Name: Emberiza schoeniclus zaidamensis
zaidamensis
Zaidam or Tsaidam Basin, Chinese Turkistan / Qaidam or Chaidam, Qinghai, western China.