Anthus Rufulus Bird

English Name:  Paddyfield Pipit
Latin Name:  Anthus rufulus
Protonym:  Anthus rufulus Nouv.Dict.Hist.Nat. 26 p.494
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Motacillidae / Anthus
Taxonomy Code:  oripip1
Type Locality:  Bengal.
Author:  Vieillot
Publish Year:  1818
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ANTHUS
(Motacillidae; † Meadow Pipit A. pratensis) L. anthus  small bird that inhabited grasslands mentioned by Pliny, not further identified, but probably the Yellow Wagtail  < Gr. ανθος anthos  small, brightly coloured bird mentioned by Aristotle.  In Gr. myth. Anthus, son of Antinous and Hippodamia, was killed by his father’s horses and metamorphosed into a bird which imitated the neighing of horses but fled at their sight; "47. Pieper. Anthus.  Ich rechne zu dieser neuen Gattung vier Arten.   ...   Das was Frisch in der Naturgeschichte von No. III. von der Greuthlerche erzählt, gehört eigentlich zur Pieplerche (Alauda trivialis), die er Wiesenlerche nennt.  Das aber, was er von der Wiesenlerche No. IV. sagt, paßt nur auf die Brachlerche (Alauda campestris).  Das, was er von felner Pieplerche sagt, hat zwar seine Richtigkeit, allein die Ueberschrift ist falsch, und sollte eigentlich Wiesenlerche (Alauda pratensis) heißen *).  ...  *) Diese Vögel, nämlich die Brach- Piep- und Wiesenlerche haben zu vielen Irrthümern in den naturhistorischen Schriften Anlaß gegeben. Ich habe mich selbst irre führen lassen. Ich habe daher für dieselben, da sie zu auffallend von den Lerchen abweichen, eine besondere Gattung, die ich Anthus nenne, gebildet.   ...   161. Die Brachlerche oder der Brachpieper. Alauda campestris. L. Taf. 15. Fig. 2. b. (Anthus campestris, mihi." (Bechstein 1805); "Anthus Bechstein, Gemein. Naturg. Deutschl. ii, pp. 247, 302, 1805.  Type by subsequent designation of Mathews (Austral Av. Rec. ii, p. 123, 1918), Alauda campestris.  ...  This genus until recently has been quoted from Bechstein's third volume, p. 704, 1807, and the type designated by Gray in 1840 as A. spinoletta.  Under the earlier citation of Anthus, here quoted, the Water-Pipit is not mentioned, so that it cannot under the Rules be designated as the type of the genus.  The three species which are mentioned by Bechstein are A. campestris, A. trivialis, and A. pratensis.  Sharpe, in Cat. Bds. Brit. Mus. x, p. 534, 1885, designated A. trivialis, but did not quote the earlier reference to Bechstein.  Mathews subsequently therefore (Austral Av. Rec. ii, p. 123, 1918) designated A. campestris, which is here accepted as the type." (W. Sclater, 1930, Syst. Av. Aethiop., II, 340); "Anthus Bechstein, 1805, Gemein. Nat. Deutschl., 2, p. 247, 302, 465.  Type, by subsequent designation, Alauda pratensis Linnaeus (Selby, 1825, Illust. Brit. Orn., p. xxix)." (Vaurie in Peters, 1960, IX, p. 144).
Var. Arthur, Artthus.
Synon. Afranthus, Agrodroma, Anomalanthana, Anomalanthus, Austranthus, Caffranthus, Cichlops, Cinaedium, Corydalla, Dendronanthus, Heterura, Leimoniptera, Meganthus, Megistina, Neocorys, Notiocorys, Oreocorys, Pediocorys, Petranthus, Pipastes, Rhabdochlamys, Seiren, Spipola, Xanthocorys.

rufulus
L. rufulus  reddish  < rufus  rufous.
● ex “Gavilán de Estero acanelado” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 11 (syn. Heterospizias meridionalis).

SUBSPECIES

Paddyfield Pipit (waitei)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus waitei
waitei
● Maj. Herbert William Waite (1887-1967) British officer in Indian Police, Punjab 1907-1942, Principal of Pakistan Police Training School 1949-1954, ornithologist (subsp. Anthus rufulus).
● Edgar Ravenswood Waite (1866-1928) English zoologist, ichthyologist, Curator of Canterbury Mus., Christchurch 1906-1914, Director of South Australian Mus., Adelaide 1914-1926 (syn. Climacteris picumnus).

Paddyfield Pipit (rufulus)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus rufulus
rufulus
L. rufulus  reddish  < rufus  rufous.
● ex “Gavilán de Estero acanelado” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 11 (syn. Heterospizias meridionalis).

Paddyfield Pipit (malayensis)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus malayensis
malaya / malayana / malayanus / malayensis
Malaya  < Malay Melayu  Malays  < Melaka  Malacca (a powerful mediaeval sultanate). In ornithology the name can refer either to the Malay Peninsula or the Malay Archipelago (also known as the Indian Archipelago, Malaysia or the East Indies).

Paddyfield Pipit (lugubris)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus lugubris
lugubris
L. lugubris  mournful, plaintive  < lugere  to mourn.
● ex “Merle brun du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 563, fig. 1 (unident.).

Paddyfield Pipit (albidus)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus albidus
albidus
L. albidus whitish, white  < albus  white.
● ex “Buzzardet” of Pennant 1787 (syn. Buteo buteo).
● ex “Choucas blanc” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Coloeus monedula).

Paddyfield Pipit (medius)
Latin Name: Anthus rufulus medius
medium / medius
L. medius  intermediate, middle.
● ex “Guifette” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 924 (syn. Chlidonias niger).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  medius.  11. P. albo nigroque varius, ano verticeque rubris.  Picus albo nigroque varius, rectricibus tribus lateralibus apice albo variegatis. Fn. svec. 82.  Picus varius minor. Gesn. av. 708. Aldr. orn. l. 42. c. 33. Will. ornith. 92. t. 21. Raj. av. 43. Hasselqv. iter. 242.  Habitat in Europa.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Leiopicus).