Sphyrapicus Ruber Bird

English Name:  Red-breasted Sapsucker
Latin Name:  Sphyrapicus ruber
Protonym:  Picus ruber Syst.Nat. 1 pt1 p.429
Taxonomy:  Piciformes / Picidae / Sphyrapicus
Taxonomy Code:  rebsap
Type Locality:  Cayenne; error == Nootka Sound, British Columbia.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1788
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

SPHYRAPICUS
(Picidae; Ϯ Yellow-bellied Sapsucker S. varius) Gr. σφυρα sphura  hammer, mallet; Late Gr. πικος pikos  woodpecker  < L. picus  woodpecker; the sapsuckers drill rows of shallow holes in trees for the sap which then exudes; "SPHYRAPICUS, Baird.  Pilumnus, BON. Consp. Zygod. Ateneo Italiano, May, 1854. (P. thyroideus.)   ...   The genus Pilumnus, originally established by Bonaparte, is used in the Crustacea, and cannot, of course, be again employed. In supplying a new name, I consider the old Picus varius as the type instead of thyroideus, which may possibly constitute the type of a distinct genus" (Baird 1858). 
Var. Sphyropicus, Sphyrocopus (Gr. κοπος kopos  striking).
Synon. Campoborus, Cladoscopus, Pilumnus.

ruber
L. ruber, rubra  red, ruddy (see also rubra).
● ex “Troupiale rouge d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Red Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Amblyramphus holosericeus).
● ex “Suiriri roxo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 188 (syn. Casiornis rufus).
● "77. SCOLOPAX.  ...  rubra.  1. S. rostro arcuato, pedibus rubris, corpore sanguineo, alarum apicibus nigris.  Porphyrio amboinensis s. Ardea rubra corallina. Seb. mus. I. p. 98. t. 62. f. 3.  Numenius ruber. Catesb. car. I. p. 84. t. 84.  Numenius indicus. Clus. exot. 366.  Guara. Marcgr. bras. 203. Will. orn. 239. Raj. av. 104. n. 6.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Eudocimus).
● ex Coracina militaris Latham 1801, and “Grand Cotinga” of Levaillant 1801 (syn. Haematoderus militaris).
● ex “Añumbi roxo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 220 (Phacellodomus).
● "60. TROCHILUS.  ...   ruber.  15. T. rectricibus lateralibus violaceis, corpore testaceo fusco submaculato.  Mellivora parva purpurea. Edw. av. 32. t. 32. f. 1.  Habitat Surinami.  Rectrices intermediæ testaceæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (Phaethornis).
● "72. PHOENICOPTERUS.  ...  ruber.  1. P. ruber, remigibus primoribus nigris.  Phœnicopterus. Bell. av. l. 8. c. 8. Gesn. av. . . Aldr. orn. 2. l. 20. c. 4. Will. orn. 360. t. 60. Raj. av. 117. Tetr. itin. 300. Worm. mus. 200. Grew. mus. 67. t. 5. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 321. Act. angl. 350. p. 523. Seb. mus. 1. p. 123. t. 67. f. 1. Catesb. car. 1. p. 73. t. 73. 74. Alb. av. 2. p. 71. t. 77.  Habitat in Africa, America, rarius in Europa.  Dat mihi penna rubens nomen, sed lingua gulosis: Apicio, Caligulæ, Vitellio, Heliogabalo expetita suis, testantibus Plinio, Martiali, Svetonio, Lampridio." (Linnaeus 1758) (Phoenicopterus).
● ex “Red-breasted Woodpecker” of Latham 1783 (Sphyrapicus).
● ex “Pie à Culotte de Peau” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 55 (artefact).

SUBSPECIES

Red-breasted Sapsucker (ruber)
Latin Name: Sphyrapicus ruber ruber
ruber
L. ruber, rubra  red, ruddy (see also rubra).
● ex “Troupiale rouge d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Red Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Amblyramphus holosericeus).
● ex “Suiriri roxo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 188 (syn. Casiornis rufus).
● "77. SCOLOPAX.  ...  rubra.  1. S. rostro arcuato, pedibus rubris, corpore sanguineo, alarum apicibus nigris.  Porphyrio amboinensis s. Ardea rubra corallina. Seb. mus. I. p. 98. t. 62. f. 3.  Numenius ruber. Catesb. car. I. p. 84. t. 84.  Numenius indicus. Clus. exot. 366.  Guara. Marcgr. bras. 203. Will. orn. 239. Raj. av. 104. n. 6.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Eudocimus).
● ex Coracina militaris Latham 1801, and “Grand Cotinga” of Levaillant 1801 (syn. Haematoderus militaris).
● ex “Añumbi roxo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 220 (Phacellodomus).
● "60. TROCHILUS.  ...   ruber.  15. T. rectricibus lateralibus violaceis, corpore testaceo fusco submaculato.  Mellivora parva purpurea. Edw. av. 32. t. 32. f. 1.  Habitat Surinami.  Rectrices intermediæ testaceæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (Phaethornis).
● "72. PHOENICOPTERUS.  ...  ruber.  1. P. ruber, remigibus primoribus nigris.  Phœnicopterus. Bell. av. l. 8. c. 8. Gesn. av. . . Aldr. orn. 2. l. 20. c. 4. Will. orn. 360. t. 60. Raj. av. 117. Tetr. itin. 300. Worm. mus. 200. Grew. mus. 67. t. 5. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 321. Act. angl. 350. p. 523. Seb. mus. 1. p. 123. t. 67. f. 1. Catesb. car. 1. p. 73. t. 73. 74. Alb. av. 2. p. 71. t. 77.  Habitat in Africa, America, rarius in Europa.  Dat mihi penna rubens nomen, sed lingua gulosis: Apicio, Caligulæ, Vitellio, Heliogabalo expetita suis, testantibus Plinio, Martiali, Svetonio, Lampridio." (Linnaeus 1758) (Phoenicopterus).
● ex “Red-breasted Woodpecker” of Latham 1783 (Sphyrapicus).
● ex “Pie à Culotte de Peau” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 55 (artefact).

Red-breasted Sapsucker (daggetti)
Latin Name: Sphyrapicus ruber daggetti
daggetti
Frank Slater Daggett (1855-1920) US naturalist, collector, Director of Mus. of History Science & Art, Los Angeles 1911-1920 (Buteogallus, subsp. Sphyrapicus ruber).