Ribes – Genus, Currant, Gooseberry, Fruit
qiazhan English name: Ribes
Sub Title:
ribes, (genus Ribes), genus of some 150 to 200 species of shrubs of two distinct groups, the currants and the gooseberries, constituting the family Grossulariaceae. They are native to the temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, extending southward in the Americas into the Andes. Some authorities formerly separated the gooseberries as the genus Grossularia. The tart fruits of both groups are used in cooking and baking, and several species are grown as garden ornamentals.
Physical description
Ribes species are erect or spreading shrubs. They are generally composed of both short and long stems and may be hairy or glandular. Currants usually lack spines, while gooseberries are usually prickly. The leaves range in shape from roundish to nearly triangular and have palmate venation (their veins radiate from a common point near the leafstalk). The leaf surfaces can be waxy or hairy, depending on the species. The flowers of currants are generally clustered, while those of gooseberries more often are solitary. They range in colour from greenish to white, yellow, pink, red, or purple. The fruits are true berries.
Because all Ribes species are alternative hosts of the destructive blister rust fungus, which also attacks white pines, there are local prohibitions to growing Ribes near any white pine plantations.
Major species
Species grown for their edible fruit include the English, or European, gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa); American gooseberry (R. hirtellum); black currant (R. nigrum); buffalo currant (R. odoratum); downy, or Nordic, currant (R. spicatum); and common, or garden or red, currant (R. rubrum).
Species of ornamental value include the alpine currant (R. alpinum); buffalo currant; fuchsia-flowered gooseberry (R. speciosum); golden, or clove, currant (R. aureum), bearing spicy-fragrant yellow flowers; and R. viburnifolium, a sprawling evergreen.
