Phoeniculus Purpureus Bird

English Name:  Green Woodhoopoe
Latin Name:  Phoeniculus purpureus
Protonym:  Promerops purpureus Icon.Anim. pl.52
Taxonomy:  Bucerotiformes / Phoeniculidae / Phoeniculus
Taxonomy Code:  grewoo2
Type Locality:  India and Africa.
Author:  Miller, JF
Publish Year:  1784
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

PHOENICULUS
(Phoeniculidae; Ϯ Green Wood-hoopoe P. purpureus) Dim. < Gr. φοινιξ phoinix, φοινικος phoinikos  crimson, red (in allusion to the thin red bill); "RODZAY 1. (30.)  ZJAWKA.  PHOENICULUS.  Dziób długi, sczupty, łukowaty, z góry i zę spodu zaokrąglony, z boków ściśniony, ostro kończysty.  ...  n.p. Upupa erythrorhynchos. LATH.  Známy jch dwa gatunki. Jeden z nich żyie w południowéy Azyi, a drugi w Afryce.  ...  Phoeniculus unimaculatus. n.  ..."Nectarinia erythrorhynchos (Upupa erythrorhynchos LATH.) e Guinea."   ...  Phoeniculus notatus. n.  ...  "Guepier à queue etagée (Upupa erythrorhynchos) d'Asie."" (Jarocki 1821); "Phoeniculus Jarocki, Zoologia, 2, 1821, p. 63. Type, by monotypy, Upupa erythrorhynchus Latham." (Peters 1945, V, 250). 
Synon. Irrisor.

purpureus
L. purpureus  purple-coloured  < purpura  purple  < Gr. πορφυρα porphura  purple.
● ex Coracina militaris Shaw, 1792, and “Grand Cotinga” of Levaillant 1801 (syn. Haematoderus militaris).
● ex “Merle violet du Royaume de Juida” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 540 (Lamprotornis).
● ex “Perroquet violet” of Barrère 1741, “Perroquet varié de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 408, “Papagai violet” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Little dusky Parrot” of Edwards 1758-1764, and Latham 1781 (syn. Pionus fuscus).

SUBSPECIES

Green Woodhoopoe (guineensis)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus guineensis
guinea / guineae / guineensis
Guinea, West Africa  < Med. Portuguese name Guiné for the tropical West African lands south of the Senegal River occupied by negroes  < Berber word Ghinawen  negroes.  The name came to refer to the old Grain Coast, Gold Coast, Slave Coast, Benin, Calabar and the Camarones, roughly equivalent to the modern area from Guinea-Bissau to Cameroun.
● TL. Guinea coast; ex “Petite Perruche de Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 60 (syn. Agapornis pullarius).
● TL. Kintampo, Ashanti Province, Gold Coast (Cisticola).
● TL. Inland parts of Guinea, Africa; ex “Columba maculis triquetris.Triangular-spotted Pigeon” of Edwards 1747 (Columba).
● TL. Nanna Kru, Liberia (subsp. Cyanomitra olivacea).
● Erroneous TL. New Guinea (= Guinea coast, Africa); ex “Pic cardinal de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Dendropicos fuscescens).
● TL. Gunnal, Portuguese Guinea (syn. Fraseria cinerascens).
● TL. Mimika River, New Guinea (see novaeguineae) (syn. Gerygone chrysogaster).
● TL. Volta River, Gold Coast (Melaniparus).
● TL. Portuguese Guinea to the Niger (subsp. Phoeniculus purpureus).
● TL. Loko, Benue River, Nigeria (subsp. Sternula albifrons).

Green Woodhoopoe (senegalensis)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus senegalensis
senegala / senegalensis / senegalla / senegallensis / senegalli / senegallus
Senegal  < perhaps Wolof sunu gaal, our canoe, from a misunderstanding between local peoples and early Portuguese explorers on the Senegal River. In early ornithology the toponym sometimes included much of tropical West Africa.
● ex “Petit Héron roux du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 315, “Petit Butor du Sénégal” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Senegal Bittern” of Latham 1785 (syn. Ardeola ralloides).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à poitrine rousse du Sénégal” (= ♀) and “Gobe-mouche à poitrine noire du Sénégal” (= ♂) of Brisson 1760 (Batis).
● ex “Oedicnème du Sénégal” of Temminck 1820 (Burhinus).
● ex “Hirondelle à ventre roux du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 310 (Cecropis).
● ex “Coucou du Sénégal” of Brisson 1760 (Centropus).
● ex “Grimpereau violet du Sénégal” of Brisson 1760 (Chalcomitra).
● ex “Swallow-tail’d Indian Roller” of Edwards 1758-1764, “Rollier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 326, and “Senegal Roller” of Latham 1781 (syn. Coracias abyssinicus).
● ex “Figuier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 582, fig. 1 (?syn. Eremomela pusilla).
● ex “Grand Martin Pescheur du Sénégal” of Brisson 1760 (Halcyon).
● ex “Sénégali rouge” of Brisson 1760 (Lagonosticta).
● ex “Perdrix du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 137 (syn. Pternistis bicalcaratus).
● ex “Pie du Sénégal” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Ptilostomus afer).
● ex “Turtur gutture maculato Senegalensis” of Brisson 1760 (Spilopelia).
● ex “Pie-grièche grise du Sénégal” of Brisson 1760, and “Pie-grièche rousse à tête noire du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 479, fig. 1 (Tchagra).
● ex “Tourterelle du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 160 (syn. Turtur afer (Schmitt & Crémière 2008, mistakenly identify this as Turtur chalcospilos)).
● ex “Colius senegalensis cristatus” of Brisson 1760, “Coliou huppé du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 282, fig. 2, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Senegal Coly” of Latham 1783 (syn. Urocolius macrourus).
● ex "Vanneau armé du Sénégal" of Brisson 1760 (Vanellus).
● ex “Merula senegalensis” of Brisson 1760, “Merle brun du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 563, fig. 2, and “Senegal Thrush” of Latham 1783 (unident.).
● Erroneous TL. Senegal (= Bengal); ex “Spotted Indian Woodpecker” of Edwards 1743-1751 (syn. Dinopium benghalense).
● Erroneous TL. Senegal (= Gabon) (Dryoscopus).
● Erroneous TL. Senegal (= Algeria); ex “Gélinote du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 130 (Pterocles).
● Erroneous TL. Senegal (= Cayenne); ex “Petit pic du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 345, fig. 2, “Petit pic rayé du Sénégal” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Gold-backed Woodpecker" of Latham 1782 (syn. Veniliornis passerinus).

Green Woodhoopoe (niloticus)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus niloticus
nilotica / niloticus
L. Niloticus  of the River Nile  < Nilus  River Nile, Egypt.
● Egypt; ex Hasselqvist 1757, and “Egyptian Tern” of Latham 1785 (Gelochelidon).

Green Woodhoopoe (marwitzi)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus marwitzi
marwitzi
First Lt. Lothar Heinrich Ludwig von der Marwitz (1869-1918) German Army in German East Africa, collector (Joek Roex in litt.) (syn. Apus apus pekinensis, subsp. Estrilda paludicola, syn. Euplectes orix nigrifrons, syn. Eurillas virens zombensis, subsp. Hirundo dimidiata, subsp. Lanius collaris, subsp. Phoeniculus purpureus, syn. Telacanthura ussheri stictilaema).

Green Woodhoopoe (angolensis)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus angolensis
angolae / angolense / angolensis / angolica / angolicus
Angola (Portuguese Angola  <  Ngola a title of the kings of Ndongo).
● ex “Rollier d’Angola” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Coracias caudatus).
● ex “Angola Vulture” of Latham 1781 (Gypohierax).
● ex “Apiaster angolensis” of Brisson, “Petit Guêpier vert et bleu à queue étagée” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Angola Bee-eater” of Latham 1782 (?syn. Merops pusillus).
● ex “Linotte d’Angola” of Brisson 1760, and “Angola Finch” of Latham 1783 (syn. Ochrospiza atrogularis).
● ex “Fringilla ventre caeruleo. Blue-belly’d Finch” of Edwards 1750 (Uraeginthus).
● Erroneous TL. Angola (= Brazil); ex “Black Gros-beak” of Edwards 1764 (Sporophila).

Green Woodhoopoe (purpureus)
Latin Name: Phoeniculus purpureus purpureus
purpureus
L. purpureus  purple-coloured  < purpura  purple  < Gr. πορφυρα porphura  purple.
● ex Coracina militaris Shaw, 1792, and “Grand Cotinga” of Levaillant 1801 (syn. Haematoderus militaris).
● ex “Merle violet du Royaume de Juida” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 540 (Lamprotornis).
● ex “Perroquet violet” of Barrère 1741, “Perroquet varié de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 408, “Papagai violet” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Little dusky Parrot” of Edwards 1758-1764, and Latham 1781 (syn. Pionus fuscus).