Chlorospingus Pileatus Bird

English Name:  Sooty-capped Chlorospingus
Latin Name:  Chlorospingus pileatus
Protonym:  Chlorospingus pileatus Proc.Zool.Soc.London(1864) (1864), Pt3 p.581
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Passerellidae / Chlorospingus
Taxonomy Code:  scbtan1
Type Locality:  Volcan de Cartago [= Irazu] , Costa Rica.
Author:  Salvin
Publish Year:  1865
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CHLOROSPINGUS
(Passerellidae; Ϯ Common Bush-tanager C. flavopectus ophthalmicus) Gr. χλωρος khlōros  green; σπιγγος spingos a form of σπινος spinos, probably identical to σπιζα spiza a finch (< σπιζω spizō  to chirp) commonly eaten at Athens, and identified by most authors as the Chaffinch, but the names could just as well have applied to any small bird. In ornithology the epithets spingos and spiza used in combination are not confined to the finches (Fringillidae), but used indiscriminately for an assortment of finch-billed or finch-like birds (e.g. Ploceidae, Thraupidae, Emberizidae, Passerellidae, Cardinalidae, Drepanididae). The Common Bush-tanager, Chlorospingus or Bushfinch and its congeners were formerly treated as tanagers Thraupidae; "Gen. CHLOROSPINGUS nov. gen *)  Grün-Ruderfink.   719. 1. Ch. leucophrys Nob. —  **)  Tanagra leucophrys Licht. in Mus. Berol.   ...   *) Von χλωρος, grünlich und σπιγγος  nom. prop. — In der Bildung der Flügel und des Schwanzes ist die Gruppe der vorhergehenden [Hemispingus] noch sehr ähnlich, der Schnabel hingegen ist stärker, kürzer, höher und daher dem Typus von Pipilo annähernd ähnlich, nur schwächer als in dieser Gattung, welche grössere Formen aufweist und von welcher sich Chlorospingus ausserdem durch nicht abgerundete Flügel und Schwanz wesentlich unterscheidet.    **)  ...  Die folgenden, uns nicht genügend bekannten Arten scheinen der hier beschriebenen sehr ähnlich zu sein:  1. Ch. ophthalmicus. — Arremon ophthalmicus Dubus. Tachyphonus albitempora Lafr. Columbien. — 2. Ch. flavipectus. — Arremon flavopectus Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1840 p. 227. St. Fé d. Bogota.  —  3. Ch. canigularis. — Arremon canigularis Lafr. Rev. Zool. 1848 p. 12. — Columbien." (Cabanis 1853); "Chlorospingus Cabanis, 1851, Mus. Heineanum, 1, p. 139. Type, by virtual monotypy, Chlorospingus leucophrys Cabanis = Arremon ophthalmicus Du Bus." (Storer in Peters, 1970, XIII, p. 254). 
Synon. Hylospingus.

pileata / pileatum / pileatus
L. pileatus  capped  < pileus  felt-cap.
● ex “Petit Fouquet des Philippines” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Anous stolidus).
● ex “Pigeon verd à tête grise d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Chalcophaps indica).
● ex “Souï” or “Petit Tinamou de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 829 (syn. Crypturellus soui).
● ex “Gobe-mouche olive de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 574, fig. 2 (unident;?Empidonax sp., ?Myiobius sp.).
● ex “Martin- pêcheur de la Chine” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 673, “Martin-pêcheur à coïffe noir” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Black-capped Kingsfisher” of Latham 1782 (Halcyon).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  pileatus.  3. P. niger, capite cristato rubro, temporibus alisque albis maculis.  Picus niger maximus, capite rubro. Catesb. car. 2. p. 17. t. 17. Kalm. itin. 2. p. 271.  Ipecu. Marcgr. bras. 207.  Habitat in America.  Differt a P. cornicino, quod tempora alba; maculæ aliquot parvæ in alis albæ; caput magis late coccineum." (Linnaeus 1758) (Hylatomus).
● ex “Tangara à coëffe noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 720, fig. 2 (Nemosia).
● ex “Tangara à coëffe noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 720, fig. 2, “Coiffe noire” of de B uffon 1770-1783, and “Hooded Tanager” of Latham 1783 (syn. Nemosia pileata).
● ex “Black-hooded Wheat-ear” of Latham 1783 (Oenanthe).
● ex “Héron blanc huppé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 907, and “Héron blanc” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (Pilherodius).
● ex “Perruche à tête noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 744, “Caïca” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Hooded Parrot” of Latham 1781 (syn. Pionopsitta caica).
● ex “Black-capped Shrike” of Latham 1787 (syn. Sakesphorus canadensis).
● ex “Pluvier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, “Pluvier coiffé” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Hooded Plover” of Latham 1785 (syn. Sarciophorus tectus).
● ex “Perruche de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Tanygnathus lucionensis).
● ex “Bruant du cap de Bonne-Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 386, fig. 2, and “Bonjour-Commandeur” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (syn. Zonotrichia capensis).

SUBSPECIES

Sooty-capped Chlorospingus (pileatus)
Latin Name: Chlorospingus pileatus pileatus
pileata / pileatum / pileatus
L. pileatus  capped  < pileus  felt-cap.
● ex “Petit Fouquet des Philippines” of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Anous stolidus).
● ex “Pigeon verd à tête grise d’Antigue” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Chalcophaps indica).
● ex “Souï” or “Petit Tinamou de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 829 (syn. Crypturellus soui).
● ex “Gobe-mouche olive de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 574, fig. 2 (unident;?Empidonax sp., ?Myiobius sp.).
● ex “Martin- pêcheur de la Chine” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 673, “Martin-pêcheur à coïffe noir” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Black-capped Kingsfisher” of Latham 1782 (Halcyon).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  pileatus.  3. P. niger, capite cristato rubro, temporibus alisque albis maculis.  Picus niger maximus, capite rubro. Catesb. car. 2. p. 17. t. 17. Kalm. itin. 2. p. 271.  Ipecu. Marcgr. bras. 207.  Habitat in America.  Differt a P. cornicino, quod tempora alba; maculæ aliquot parvæ in alis albæ; caput magis late coccineum." (Linnaeus 1758) (Hylatomus).
● ex “Tangara à coëffe noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 720, fig. 2 (Nemosia).
● ex “Tangara à coëffe noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 720, fig. 2, “Coiffe noire” of de B uffon 1770-1783, and “Hooded Tanager” of Latham 1783 (syn. Nemosia pileata).
● ex “Black-hooded Wheat-ear” of Latham 1783 (Oenanthe).
● ex “Héron blanc huppé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 907, and “Héron blanc” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (Pilherodius).
● ex “Perruche à tête noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 744, “Caïca” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Hooded Parrot” of Latham 1781 (syn. Pionopsitta caica).
● ex “Black-capped Shrike” of Latham 1787 (syn. Sakesphorus canadensis).
● ex “Pluvier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, “Pluvier coiffé” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Hooded Plover” of Latham 1785 (syn. Sarciophorus tectus).
● ex “Perruche de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Tanygnathus lucionensis).
● ex “Bruant du cap de Bonne-Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 386, fig. 2, and “Bonjour-Commandeur” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (syn. Zonotrichia capensis).

Sooty-capped Chlorospingus (diversus)
Latin Name: Chlorospingus pileatus diversus
diversum / diversus
L. diversus different, diverse < divertere to differ.
• "Ammodramus caudacatus diversus, subsp. nov.  SOUTHERN SHARP-TAILED SPARROW.  ...  In general plumage A. c. diversus has the richest coloring of any of the group, including  even spring specimens of A. nelsoni.  Typical examples of this form in winter resemble very closely some specimens of nelsoni in the coloring of the upper parts — much more than they resemble typical examples of A. caudacutus —  but may be easily distinguished from the former at any season by their larger size, longer bill and very conspicuous dark stripes on the breast and flanks." (L. B. Bishop 1901) (subsp. Ammodramus caudacutus).
• "CELEUS LORICATUS DIVERSUS  Ridgway.   TALAMANCA WOODPECKER.  Similar to C. l. loricatus (of eastern Panama and northern Colombia), but rump and under parts of body decidedly darker (cinnamon), nearly, sometimes quite, concolor with foreneck and (in female) throat, blackish bars averaging larger and more numerous (especially on upper parts), and averaging decidedly larger." (Ridgway 1914) (subsp. Celeus loricatus).
• "Chlorospingus pileatus diversus, new subspecies  ...  The much greater contrast of the light abdomen with the more richly, deeply colored flanks easily distinguishes this new form from typical pileatus." (Griscom 1924) (subsp. Chlorospingus pileatus).
• "I find, on the contrary, that the birds of the two localities are as separable from each other as are the other recognized (and valid) races of the species.  The Huitzilac, Morelos, birds, being topotypical griseipectus, retain that name, while for the San Sebastián, Jalisco, specimens I propose the name—  Dendrortyx macroura diversus, n. subsp." (Friedmann 1943) (subsp. Dendrortyx macroura).
• "6.  Dicaeum geelvinkianum diversum subsp. nov.   Nearest to D. g. rubrocoronatum, but differs by the somewhat lighter, more scarlet crown and upper tail-coverts, and the more steel-blue, not purple, upper surface, which is also tinged with olive." (Rothschild & Hartert 1903) (subsp. Dicaeum geelvinkianum).
• "A number of years ago the United States National Museum received four specimens of a Piprisoma that had been collected in Palawan by the Menage Expedition.  These were put aside by the author for further study and then neglected.  They had been originally identified as Piprisoma modestum by the collector and are indeed close to that species.  I can not find that this species has ever been credited to the Philippines.  The four bird skins evidently represent an un-named species, which may be known as:   Piprisoma diversum, sp. nov.  ...  Similar to Piprisoma modestum modestum, but brighter above  ...  bill broader at the base and the lower mandible more swollen; white on the inner web on the outer tail feathers at the tip much reduced." (Riley 1936) (syn. Dicaeum aeruginosum affine).
• "Grallaria macularia diversa, new subspecies  ...  I was at first confident that this form would prove to be entitled to the name diluta, described by Hellmayr from Thomar, Rio Negro, Brazil, and later synonymized with paraensis, but a reëxamination of the type, kindly made for me by Dr. Hellmayr, indicates the distinction of the present form." (J. Zimmer 1934) (subsp. Hylopezus macularius).
• "Leptopogon amaurocephalus diversus subsp. nov.   Similar to Leptopogon amaurocephalus amaurocephalus Cabanis, but smaller, the back slightly darker green, the cap very much darker brown, the under surface paler yellow posteriorly, and the rectrices edged internally with buffy." (Todd 1913) (subsp. Leptopogon amaurocephalus).
• "Todirostrum maculatum diversum, new subspecies   ...   As noted above, specimens from part of the range of diversum show variational tendencies in one direction or another.  Birds from Teffé often approach signatum but average closer to diversum; birds from the Xingú approach the present form but average closer to maculatum.  ...  Although somewhat variable, therefore, diversum is fairly consistent in the characters that distinguish it from the other forms." (J. Zimmer 1940) (subsp. Todirostrum maculatum).
• "Veniliornis passerinus diversus, new subspecies  ...  Similar to V. p. insignis and similarly separable from passerinus, olivinus, and agilis but to different degrees in respect to certain details." (J. Zimmer 1942) (subsp. Veniliornis passerinus).
• "In this southeastern corner of Brazil, the population differs from both agilis and chivi sufficiently to deserve separate recognition, and since there is no available name for such a subspecies, it may be known as follows.  Vireo olivaceus diversus, new subspecies" (J. Zimmer 1941) (subsp. Vireo olivaceus).