Tympanuchus Phasianellus Bird

English Name:  Sharp-tailed Grouse
Latin Name:  Tympanuchus phasianellus
Protonym:  Tetrao Phasianellus Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.160
Taxonomy:  Galliformes / Phasianidae / Tympanuchus
Taxonomy Code:  shtgro
Type Locality:  Canada = Hudson Bay, ex Edwards, pi. 117.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

TYMPANUCHUS
(Tetraonidae; Ϯ Greater Prairie-chicken T. cupido) Gr. τυμπανον tumpanon  kettle-drum; ηχεω ēkheō  to sound (cf. εχω ekhō  to have, to possess); "Mehr auf den Ebenen, halb im Walde, halb auf Wiesengründen, wohnt der interessante Flügelhals oder das Cupidohuhn, (Tympanuchus Cupido:) von ähnlicher Färbung und Größe, aber mit bereits überall befiederten Tarsen.  ...  Es scheint nicht sowohl zur Verstärkung und Bildung der eigentlichen Stimme beizutragen, welche man mit dem dumpfen Tone einer Kindertrompete vergleicht" (Gloger 1841); "Tympanuchus Gloger, Hand-und Hilfsb. Naturg., 1842 (1841), p. 396. Type, by monotypy, Tetrao cupido Linné." (Peters 1934, II, 41).
Synon. Cupidonia.

phasianella / phasianellus
Mod. L. phasianellus  little pheasant  < dim. L. phasianus  pheasant  < Gr. φασιανος phasianos  pheasant.
● “Corpus Penelopi simile, gracile  ...  cauda elongata, inaequalis” (von Spix 1824) (Dromococcyx).
● “Cette Colombe, caracterisée par la forme de sa queue longue et cuneiforme  ...  queue très longue et très conique” (Temminck 1821) (Macropygia).
● “Long-tail’d Grous from Hudson’s-Bay  ...  This bird was brought by Mr. Isham from Hudson’s Bay, where it is called a Pheasant; its long tail and colour agreeing very well with our hen Pheasant” (Edwards 1750); "91. TETRAO.  ...  Phasianellus.  5. T. pedibus hirsutis, cauda cuneiformi, rectricibus tribus lateralibus albis.  Urogallus minor, cauda longiore. Edw. av. 117. t. 117.  Habitat in Canada." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pedioecetes).

SUBSPECIES

Sharp-tailed Grouse (caurus)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus caurus
caurina / caurinum / caurinus / caurus
L. caurinus of the northwest wind, north-western < caurus northwest wind.

Sharp-tailed Grouse (kennicotti)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus kennicotti
kennicotti / kennicottii
Robert Kennicott (1835-1866) US naturalist, explorer, collector, co-founder of the Chicago Academy of Sciences (Megascops, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus, syn. Phylloscopus borealis).

Sharp-tailed Grouse (phasianellus)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus phasianellus
phasianella / phasianellus
Mod. L. phasianellus  little pheasant  < dim. L. phasianus  pheasant  < Gr. φασιανος phasianos  pheasant.
● “Corpus Penelopi simile, gracile  ...  cauda elongata, inaequalis” (von Spix 1824) (Dromococcyx).
● “Cette Colombe, caracterisée par la forme de sa queue longue et cuneiforme  ...  queue très longue et très conique” (Temminck 1821) (Macropygia).
● “Long-tail’d Grous from Hudson’s-Bay  ...  This bird was brought by Mr. Isham from Hudson’s Bay, where it is called a Pheasant; its long tail and colour agreeing very well with our hen Pheasant” (Edwards 1750); "91. TETRAO.  ...  Phasianellus.  5. T. pedibus hirsutis, cauda cuneiformi, rectricibus tribus lateralibus albis.  Urogallus minor, cauda longiore. Edw. av. 117. t. 117.  Habitat in Canada." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pedioecetes).

Sharp-tailed Grouse (campestris)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus campestris
campestris
L. campester, campestris of the fields or plains < campus, campi field.
● "93. ALAUDA.  ...  campestris.  4. A. rectricibus fuscis inferiori medietate, exceptis intermediis duabus, albis, gula pectoreque flavescente. Fn. svec. 193.  Alauda minor campestris. Will. orn. 150. Raj. av. 70. n. 6.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Anthus).
● ex “Chorlito ribetes blancos acanelados” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 398 (syn. Bartramia longicauda).
● ex “Gavilan del campo pardo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 33 (syn. Circus cinereus) (=☼).
● ex “Carpintero campestre” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 253 (Colaptes).
● ex “American Hedge-Sparrow” of Edwards 1750 (Euneornis).
● ex “Chorlito campesino” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 397 (syn. Numenius borealis).
● ex “Ñacundá ” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 312 (syn. Podager nacunda).

Sharp-tailed Grouse (jamesi)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus jamesi
jamesi
● Hubert William James (1884-1974) English ornithologist, farmer in South Africa and Southern Rhodesia 1900-1974, Keeper of Oology, Queen Victoria Mus., Salisbury 1965 (subsp. Cisticola subruficapilla).
● Arthur Curtiss James (1867-1941) US patron of sciences (subsp. Melozone fusca).
● Harry Crowe James (1868-1932) US banker, businessman, Trustee of Denver Mus., sportsman (subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus).
● Henry Berkeley James (1846-1892) British businessman in Chile, ornithologist (Phoenicoparrus).
● Frank Linsly James (1851-1890) British explorer in the Sudan, Somaliland, India and Mexico (Tchagra).

Sharp-tailed Grouse (columbianus)
Latin Name: Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus
columbiana / columbianum / columbianus
● Colombia. To this day the name of Colombia is misspelled in newspapers, scientific works (e.g. NAOC Vancouver 2012 Abstracts, p. 207) and books, and on television (e.g. BBC News Channel (Travel!) 14 May 2017), and generally wrongly pronounced there (e.g. Channel 4 Seven O’Clock News, 10 October 2011) and on radio (e.g. BBC Radio 2 Jeremy Vine Show 30 November 2016). “America ... north of the Isthmus of Darien, the southern continent being termed Columbia” (Wood 1835) (subsp. Chamaeza campanisona, subsp. Cinclodes excelsior, Crypturellus, Fulica, Ortalis, Phaethornis, subsp. Philydor rufum, subsp. Synallaxis gujanensis).
● Columbia River or Columbia River region (Oregon) (Cygnus (ex “Whistling Swan” of P. Allen 1814), syn. Gymnogyps californianus, Nucifraga, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus (ex “Grouse or Prairie Hen” of Lewis 1814), syn. Piranga ludoviciana).
● Greater Colombia (= Venezuela) (Odontophorus, Philydor).
● Columbia County, Florida, USA (‡ Palaeophoyx).
● British Columbia, Canada (subsp. Poecile hudsonicus).
● Erroneous TL. Porto Cabello, Colombia (= Ciudad Bolívar, Río Orinoco, Venezuela) (Sicalis).