Rupicola Peruvianus Bird

English Name:  Andean Cock-of-the-rock
Latin Name:  Rupicola peruvianus
Protonym:  [Pipra] peruviana IndexOrn. 2 p.555
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Cotingidae / Rupicola
Taxonomy Code:  andcot1
Type Locality:  Peru; restricted to Chanchamayo district by Chapman, 1926, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 55, p. 547.
Author:  Latham
Publish Year:  1790
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

RUPICOLA
(Cotingidae; Ϯ Guianan Cock-of-the-Rock R. rupicola) Mod. L. rupicola  cliff-dweller  < L. rupes, rupis  rock  < rumpere  to shatter; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit. The Guianan Cock-of-the-rock was named “Coq-de-roche” because of its flat-sided, galliform crest and habit of nesting in caves; "Genus Rupicolæ. (¹).  ... (¹) Nomen a me illi inditum ob habitationem in rupibus.  ... Les François de la Guiane l'appellent COC DES ROCHES" (Brisson 1760): based on "Gallus ferus, saxatilis, croceus, cristam e plumis constructam gerens" of Barrère 1741, "Upupa Americana, crocea, saxatilis" of Barrère 1745, and "Upupa crocea" of Linnaeus 1748; "Rupicola Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 4, p. 437. Type, by monotypy, "Rupicola" = Pipra rupicola Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters 1979, VIII, 306). 
Synon. Orinus.
● (syn. Columba Ϯ Rock Dove C. livia) "I rod'.  Columba L.   A) Rupicola.  1. Columba livia Briss. (C. neglecta Sewerzow).  ...  2. Columba rupestris Pall.    B) Sylvicola.  3. Columba fusca Pall. (C. Eversmanni Bp. = C. fusca, β brachyura Sew.).  4. Columba œnas Briss." (Bogdanov 1881) (OD per Laurent Raty); "Rupicola BOGDANOW, Trudy S.-Peterb. obshch. estest. (Zool.), vol. 12, 1881, p. 99.  Type, Columba livia "BRISSON"  (Present designation.)" (Richmond 1917).

rupicola
Mod. L. rupicolus  cliff-dwelling  < L. rupes, rupis  rock  < rumpere  to shatter; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit.
● ex “Rocar” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 101 < French roc or rocher rock (syn. Monticola rupestris).
● ex “Traquet Montagnard” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 184, fig. 2 < French montagnard mountain-dweller (syn. Oenanthe monticola).
● ex “Gallus ferus saxatilis” of Barrère 1741, “Rupicola” of Brisson 1760, and “Hoopoe Hen” of Edwards 1764 (Rupicola).

peruana / peruanum / peruanus / peruvia / peruviana / peruvianus / peruviensis
Peru. Said to be named after Biru, a local Inca encountered by the conquistadores (although the name is also accredited to a Panamanian cazique). Until the early 18^th century the Viceroyalty of Peru included all Spanish possessions in South America.
● ex “Geai du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 625, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Peruvian Jay” of Latham 1781 (syn. Cyanocorax yncas).
● ex “Coq de Roche du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 745, and de Buffon 1770-1783 (Rupicola).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Brazil) (Tangara).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Tahiti) (Vini).

SUBSPECIES

Andean Cock-of-the-rock (sanguinolentus)
Latin Name: Rupicola peruvianus sanguinolentus
sanguinolenta / sanguinolentum / sanguinolentus
L. sanguinolentus  bloody  < sanguis, sanguinis  blood.
● ex “Sanguineous Creeper” of Latham 1801 (Myzomela).

Andean Cock-of-the-rock (aequatorialis)
Latin Name: Rupicola peruvianus aequatorialis
aequatoriale / aequatorialis
Late L. aequatorialis  equatorial  < aequator  equator  < L. aequare  to make equal  < aequus  equal. Frequently given to species with a distribution in the equatorial latitudes of Africa (e.g. subsp. Jynx ruficollis, Sheppardia), but more commonly applied to birds from Ecuador (Spanish ecuador  equator) (e.g. Momotus, Thamnistes, Xiphorhynchus).
● Erroneous TL. Guayaquil (= Panama City) (subsp. Dendroica petechia).
● Erroneous TL. Guayaquil (= interior of Ecuador) (subsp. Falco sparverius).
● Erroneous TL. Ecuador (= Bahia, Brazil) (syn. Heliothryx aurita auriculata).
● Erroneous TL. Bogotá (= San Lucas, Ecuador) (subsp. Rallus limicola).

Andean Cock-of-the-rock (peruvianus)
Latin Name: Rupicola peruvianus peruvianus
peruana / peruanum / peruanus / peruvia / peruviana / peruvianus / peruviensis
Peru. Said to be named after Biru, a local Inca encountered by the conquistadores (although the name is also accredited to a Panamanian cazique). Until the early 18^th century the Viceroyalty of Peru included all Spanish possessions in South America.
● ex “Geai du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 625, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Peruvian Jay” of Latham 1781 (syn. Cyanocorax yncas).
● ex “Coq de Roche du Pérou” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 745, and de Buffon 1770-1783 (Rupicola).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Brazil) (Tangara).
● Erroneous TL. Peru (= Tahiti) (Vini).

Andean Cock-of-the-rock (saturatus)
Latin Name: Rupicola peruvianus saturatus
saturatum / saturatus
L. saturatus  richly coloured, darker coloured, intensely coloured  < satur, satura  rich, copious  < satis  enough.
● “In my description of this Cuckoo [Cuculus micropterus] ...I considered certain dark ash-coloured specimens to be merely the old birds of the species ...Mr Hodgson, however, thinks differently, having lately forwarded similar examples by the designation C. saturatus” (Blyth 1843) (Cuculus).