Diopsittaca Nobilis Bird

English Name:  Red-shouldered Macaw
Latin Name:  Diopsittaca nobilis
Protonym:  Psittacus nobilis Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.97
Taxonomy:  Psittaciformes / Psittacidae / Diopsittaca
Taxonomy Code:  resmac2
Type Locality:  South America = Surinam ex Mus. Ad. Frid., Prodr., p. 13.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

DIOPSITTACA
(Psittacidae; Ϯ Northern Red-shouldered Macaw D. nobilis) Gr. διος dios   noble; ψιττακη psittakē or ψιττακος psittakos  parrot; "Diopsittaca gen. nov.  Type, Psittacus nobilis Linnæus.  Differing from Ara in much smaller size (wing less than 300 mm.); bill much broader, more swollen laterally, the width of maxilla at base equal to much more than half the length (chord) of culmen, the greatest width of mandible equal to length (chord) of gonys; maxillary unguis extremely attenuated and acute (as in Ognorhynchus Gray); tail shorter than wing, and cheeks normally feathered.  Differing from Ognorhynchus in naked lores, absence of an exposed post-mandibular naked area, and other characters.   (Διος, noble; ψιττακη, a parrot.)" (Ridgway 1912); "Diopsittaca Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 99.  Type, by original designation, Psittacus nobilis Linné." (Peters, 1937, III, p. 180).
Synon. Proconurus.

nobilis
L. nobilis  admirable, famous, renowned, noble, high-born, nobleman  < noscere  to acknowledge.
● "44. PSITTACUS.  ...  nobilis.  4. P. macrourus viridis, genis nudis, humeris coccineis. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p.  Psittacus viridis, alarum costa superne rubente. Aldr. orn. l. 11. c. 5. Raj. av. 30, 181. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 297.  Psittacus mediae magnitudinis. Will. orn. 112. t. 16.  Habitat in America meridionali." (Linnaeus 1758) (Diopsittaca).
● “The yellow tufts of costal feathers on this beautiful bird, furnished the material for the splendid and costly royal robes, capes, and “lei’s,” or head-dresses of the Hawaiians in former days. The bunches of feathers called hulu... are still prepared and received in payment of a poll tax to the King; they are afterwards made up principally in “lei’s”, or head-bands worn by the ladies, and are beautiful but costly ornaments; but few can afford to wear them. The mantles made of these feathers, were, until lately, considered the principal treasures of the crown; now they are not to be seen; the labour of collecting the feathers and attaching them to a network base – a labour of years – being too great” (Peale 1848) (‡Moho).
● “Its large size and the great development of the feathers of its crown and beard render it a remarkable bird to look at; and the admirable way in which the original skins were prepared justify the large price of twenty pounds which I had to pay for my first specimen” (Gould 1880-1887) (Oreonympha). 
● Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich Herzog zu Mecklenburg (1873-1969) German naturalist, collector, explorer in tropical Africa 1907-1911, Gov. of Togoland 1912-1914 (Michel Rieser & Laurent Raty in litt.) (Pternistis).

SUBSPECIES

Red-shouldered Macaw (Northern)
Latin Name: Diopsittaca nobilis nobilis
nobilis
L. nobilis  admirable, famous, renowned, noble, high-born, nobleman  < noscere  to acknowledge.
● "44. PSITTACUS.  ...  nobilis.  4. P. macrourus viridis, genis nudis, humeris coccineis. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p.  Psittacus viridis, alarum costa superne rubente. Aldr. orn. l. 11. c. 5. Raj. av. 30, 181. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 297.  Psittacus mediae magnitudinis. Will. orn. 112. t. 16.  Habitat in America meridionali." (Linnaeus 1758) (Diopsittaca).
● “The yellow tufts of costal feathers on this beautiful bird, furnished the material for the splendid and costly royal robes, capes, and “lei’s,” or head-dresses of the Hawaiians in former days. The bunches of feathers called hulu... are still prepared and received in payment of a poll tax to the King; they are afterwards made up principally in “lei’s”, or head-bands worn by the ladies, and are beautiful but costly ornaments; but few can afford to wear them. The mantles made of these feathers, were, until lately, considered the principal treasures of the crown; now they are not to be seen; the labour of collecting the feathers and attaching them to a network base – a labour of years – being too great” (Peale 1848) (‡Moho).
● “Its large size and the great development of the feathers of its crown and beard render it a remarkable bird to look at; and the admirable way in which the original skins were prepared justify the large price of twenty pounds which I had to pay for my first specimen” (Gould 1880-1887) (Oreonympha). 
● Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich Herzog zu Mecklenburg (1873-1969) German naturalist, collector, explorer in tropical Africa 1907-1911, Gov. of Togoland 1912-1914 (Michel Rieser & Laurent Raty in litt.) (Pternistis).

Red-shouldered Macaw (Southern)
Latin Name: Diopsittaca nobilis cumanensis/longipennis
DIOPSITTACA
(Psittacidae; Ϯ Northern Red-shouldered Macaw D. nobilis) Gr. διος dios   noble; ψιττακη psittakē or ψιττακος psittakos  parrot; "Diopsittaca gen. nov.  Type, Psittacus nobilis Linnæus.  Differing from Ara in much smaller size (wing less than 300 mm.); bill much broader, more swollen laterally, the width of maxilla at base equal to much more than half the length (chord) of culmen, the greatest width of mandible equal to length (chord) of gonys; maxillary unguis extremely attenuated and acute (as in Ognorhynchus Gray); tail shorter than wing, and cheeks normally feathered.  Differing from Ognorhynchus in naked lores, absence of an exposed post-mandibular naked area, and other characters.   (Διος, noble; ψιττακη, a parrot.)" (Ridgway 1912); "Diopsittaca Ridgway, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash., 25, 1912, p. 99.  Type, by original designation, Psittacus nobilis Linné." (Peters, 1937, III, p. 180).
Synon. Proconurus.