Melanitta Nigra Bird
Melanitta Nigra Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Anas nigra Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.123
Taxonomy: Anseriformes / Anatidae / Melanitta
Taxonomy Code: blksco1
Type Locality: Lapland, England.
Author: Linnaeus
Publish Year: 1758
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
MELANITTA
(Anatidae; Ϯ Velvet Scoter M. fusca) Gr. μελας melas, μελανος melanos black; νηττα nētta duck; "Familie. Enten, Anas. ... 155. Gattung. Melanitta. 395. nigra. 396. fusca. 397. perspicillata." (Boie 1822); "Melanitta Boie, Isis von Oken, 1822, col. 564. Type, by subsequent designation, Anas fusca Linné. (Eyton, Monogr. Anat., 1838, p. 52.)" (Peters 1931, I, 181).
Var. Melanetta.
Synon. Ania, Maceranas, Macroramphus, Melanonetta, Oidemia, Pelionetta, Phaeonetta.
nigra
L. niger black, dark-coloured, shining black (in ornithology sometimes used of melanistic forms, e.g. Goura) (cf. ater dead black) (see niger).
● ex “Martinet à Croupion Blanc” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 244, fig. 1 (?syn. Apus caffer).
● ex “Gorget Bird of Paradise” or “Gorget Paradise Bird” of Latham 1782 (Astrapia).
● ex “Echenilleur Noir” (= ♂) of Levaillant 1805, pl. 165 (syn. Campephaga flava).
● "76. ARDEA. ... nigra. 8. A. nigra, pectore abdomineque albo. Fn. svec. 135. Ciconia nigra. Gesn. av. 97. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 2. Will. orn. 211. Alb. av. 3. p. 77. t. 82. Habitat in Europa borealis. Migrat æstate supra Sveciam." (Linnaeus 1758) (Ciconia).
● "44. PSITTACUS. ... niger. 17. P. brachyurus niger. Psittacus niger. Edw. av. 5. t. 5. Habitat in Madagascar. Cauda longa, sed æqualis." (Linnaeus 1758) (Coracopsis).
● "89. CRAX. ... nigra. 1. C. nigra. Syst. nat. 27. Gallus indicus. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 302. t. 260. Dodart. mem. 146. Gallus indicus alius. Aldr. orn. . . Mitu s. Mutu. Will. orn. . . t. 28. Raj. av. 52. Marcgr. bras. 194. 195. Gallus curassavicus. Aldr. av. 2. p. 29. t. 31. 32. Habitat in America australi." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; ?Crax rubra).
● ex “Black Roller” of Latham 1787 (?syn. Dicrurus sp.).
● ex “Crabier noir de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 926 (syn. Egretta sacra).
● ex “Tangara noir de Cayenne” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Euphonia cayennensis).
● ex “Black Snipe” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (syn. Haematopus bachmanni).
● ex “Ispida nigra” of Brisson 1760, “Martins-pêcheurs du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 356, and “Martin-pêcheur bleu et noir du Sénégal” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Halcyon leucocephala).
● ex “Merula Indica” of Brisson 1760 (Lalage).
● ex “Alouette noire de la Encenade” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 738, and “Alouette noire à dos fauve” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (syn. Lessonia rufa).
● "61. ANAS. ... nigra. 6. A. tota nigra, basi rostri gibba. Anas niger minor. Will. orn. 280. t. 74. Raj. av. 141. Habitat in Lapponia, Anglia. Cauda subcuneiformis. Femina fusca est." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanitta).
● ex “Coucou noir de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 512 (syn. Monasa atra).
● ex “Traquet Commandeur” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 189 (Myrmecocichla).
● ex “New Holland Creeper, female” of White 1790, and “Héoro-taire noir” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (Phylidonyris).
● "96. LOXIA. ... nigra. 28. L. nigra, macula alba humeri remigumque duarum exteriorum. Rubicilla minor nigra. Catesb. car. p. 68. t. 68. Alb. av. 3. p. 65. t. 69. Habitat in America australi." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pyrrhulagra).
● "71. RYNCHOPS. ... nigra. 1. R. nigra, subtus alba, rostro basi rubro. Ryngchopsalia dorso nigro, ventre albo. Barr. av. 20. Larus major, rostro inæquali. Catesb. car. I. p. 90. t. 90. Plotus rostro conico inæquali. Klein. av. 142. Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Rynchops).
● ex “Figuier noir et jaune de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 391, fig. 2 (syn. Setophaga ruticilla).
● ex “Black-spotted Sandpiper” of Pennant 1768 (syn. Tringa ochropus).
● ex “Gallinulae tertia species” of Marcgrave 1648, Willughby 1676 and Ray 1713, “Jacana armata nigra” of Brisson 1760, “Chirurgien noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black Jacana” of Latham 1785 (unident.; Jacana + Gallinula).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)