Ortalis Motmot Bird

English Name:  Variable Chachalaca
Latin Name:  Ortalis motmot
Protonym:  Phasianus Motmot Syst.Nat.ed.12 ed.12 p.271
Taxonomy:  Galliformes / Cracidae / Ortalis
Taxonomy Code:  varcha1
Type Locality:  Brazil and Guiana = Cayenne, accepted as type locality by Berlepsch and Hartert, Nov. Zool., 9, 1902, p. 120, ex Brissonian reference.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1766
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ORTALIS
(Cracidae; Ϯ Little Chachalaca O. motmot) Gr. ορταλις ortalis, ορταλιδος ortalidos  chicken; "In the year 1786 Blasius Merrem published his 'Avium rariorum et minus cognitarum icones et descriptiones collectæ e germanicis latinaæ factæ;' and under his account of his Penelope jacupema, of which he quotes "Alector brasilianus, Klein, Hist. Av. pag. 112," as a synonym, he proposes in the following words a subdivision of this genus Alector: — "Quod genus, cum multas sane species comprehendat, in plures phalanges dividendum videtur, quarum primam cum Linnæo atque Brissonio Cracem, eam, ad quam nostra pertinet species, Penelopen, tertiam, ad quam Phasianus Motmot et similes ei referendæ sunt aves, Ortalida appello." (Fasc. ii. p. 40.)  How any one can have read this passage and not seen that "Ortalida" was the accusative case governed by "ap, pello" is indeed a marvel; but the fact remains that, to this day, "Ortalida" is constantly used as the name of a genus  ...  It is true that the accurate Gloger, in his 'Gemeinnütz. Hand- u. Hilfsbuch der Naturgeschichte' (Breslau, 1842), p. 373, uses the name "Ortalis" as if no one could have ever thought of any other form for the nominative case.  Whoever first adopted Merrem's name, evidently copied it hastily from the Latin; and his oversight seems never yet to have been seriously noticed. But there is no doubt that Merrem had in mind the classical Greek word ορταλις, which mainly corresponds to the Latin pullus and to our "chicken," a Bœotian word (probably akin to ορνις) which, say Liddell and Scott (1869), passed into general poetic use. Hence it is clear that, whenever the name is used, the genus should be called ORTALIS, as the only nominative form of the feminine noun." (Wharton 1879); "Ortalida (accusative case) = Ortalis (nominative) Merrem, Avium rar. Icon. et Descr., fasc. 2, 1786, p. 40. Type, by original designation Phasianus motmot Linné." (Peters 1934, II, 16).
Var. Ortalida, Oztalida, Ortaldia.
Synon. Peneloides, Penelops, Penelopsis.

motmot
Seba 1735, misapplied the Aztec name Motmot to a chachalaca, and the error was perpetuated in nomenclature by Linnaeus’s name for the Little Chachalaca; ex “Katrakas-katrakas” of Feuillée 1714, “Motmot brasiliensis” of Seba 1735, and “Faisan de la Guiane” of Brisson 1760 (Ortalis).

SUBSPECIES

Variable Chachalaca (Little)
Latin Name: Ortalis motmot motmot
motmot
Seba 1735, misapplied the Aztec name Motmot to a chachalaca, and the error was perpetuated in nomenclature by Linnaeus’s name for the Little Chachalaca; ex “Katrakas-katrakas” of Feuillée 1714, “Motmot brasiliensis” of Seba 1735, and “Faisan de la Guiane” of Brisson 1760 (Ortalis).

Variable Chachalaca (Chestnut-headed)
Latin Name: Ortalis motmot ruficeps
ruficeps
L. rufus  red, ruddy; -ceps  -headed  < caput, capitis  head.
● ex “Tordo del corona de canela” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 72 (syn. Chrysomus ruficapillus).