Zoothera Monticola Bird

English Name:  Long-billed Thrush
Latin Name:  Zoothera monticola
Protonym:  Zoothera monticola Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt1 no.14 p.172
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Turdidae / Zoothera
Taxonomy Code:  lobthr1
Type Locality:  Himalayan Mountains [= Simla- Almora area, vide Ticehurst and Whistler, 1924, Ibis, p. 472].
Author:  Vigors
Publish Year:  1832
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ZOOTHERA
(Turdidae; Ϯ Long-billed Thrush Z. monticola) Gr. ζωον zōon  animal; -θηρας -thēras  -hunter  < θηραω thēraō  to hunt  < θηρ thēr, θηρος thēros  beast, animal; "A species belonging apparently to the family of Merulidæ, and to that portion of it which, from their long legs and short wings and tails, indicate their station to be on the ground, afforded an opportunity of characterizing a form which seems hitherto to have been unnoticed. The length, strength, and arcuated culmen of the bill, and the length and strength of the hallux, formed the most distinguishing points of modification.   ZOOTHERA*.  Rostrum forte, elongatum, subcurvatum, subcompressum, culmine elevato; mandibula superiori subemarginata, dente subapicali vix decernenda; naribus ovalibus, lateralibus; rictu vibrissis rigidis munito.  Alæ subbreves, subrotundatæ; remigibus prima brevi, secunda multo longiore, tertia quarta quintaque fere æqualibus longissimis, sexta his breviori at prima longiori, cæteris gradatim descrescentibus.  Pedes subelongati, subfortes, acrotarsiis integris; digitis anterioribus subfortibus, externis ad basin membrana connexis, internis liberis, medio longissimo; halluce elongato fortissimo, ungue forti elongato.  Cauda subbrevis, æqualis; rectricibus duodecim.    ZOOTHERA MONTICOLA.   ...   * The group seems to have many characters in common with Pomatorhinus, Horsf.  The strong and elevated bill constitutes the chief mark of separation.  The alliance between the two groups may serve to indicate the general affinities of the latter genus, whose place in the system has been hitherto undetermined." (Vigors 1832); "Zoothera Vigors, 1832, Proc. [Comm. Sci. Corres.] Zool. Soc. London, p. 172. Type, by monotypy, Zoothera monticola Vigors." (Ripley in Peters, 1964, X, p. 144).
Synon. Aegithocichla, Andromedon, Cichlopasser, Myiophaga, Oreocincla.

MONTICOLA
(Muscicapidae; Ϯ Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush M. saxatilis) L. monticola  mountain-dweller, mountaineer  < mons, montis  mountain; -cola  inhabitant  < colere  to dwell; "22. Familie. Drosseln, Turdus.  43. Gattung. Monticola.²    85. saxatilis    86. cyanus.   ...   ² Unterscheidendes Kennzeichen der Gattung: das rostrothe oder schieferblaue Gefieder." (Boie 1822); "Monticola Boie, 1822, Isis, col. 552. Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1847, Gen. Birds, 1, p. 220), Turdus saxatilis Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 135).
Synon. Colonocincla, Cyanocincla, Migratorius, Notiocichla, Notiocincla, Orocetes, Oroscirtetes, Petrocincla, Petrocossyphus, Petrophila, Petrornis, Pseudocossyphus.

monticola
L. monticola  mountain-dweller  < mons, montis  mountain; -cola  dweller  < colere  to inhabit.
● Namaqualand; ex “Traquet Montagnard” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 184, fig. 2 (Dromolaea).
● Hudson’s Bay; ex “Mountain Finch” of Latham 1783 (syn. Spizella arborea).
● Canada; ex “Moineau du Canada” of Brisson 1760, and d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 223, fig. 2, and “Soulciet” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (?syn. Zonotrichia leucophrys).

SUBSPECIES

Long-billed Thrush (monticola)
Latin Name: Zoothera monticola monticola
MONTICOLA
(Muscicapidae; Ϯ Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush M. saxatilis) L. monticola  mountain-dweller, mountaineer  < mons, montis  mountain; -cola  inhabitant  < colere  to dwell; "22. Familie. Drosseln, Turdus.  43. Gattung. Monticola.²    85. saxatilis    86. cyanus.   ...   ² Unterscheidendes Kennzeichen der Gattung: das rostrothe oder schieferblaue Gefieder." (Boie 1822); "Monticola Boie, 1822, Isis, col. 552. Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1847, Gen. Birds, 1, p. 220), Turdus saxatilis Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 135).
Synon. Colonocincla, Cyanocincla, Migratorius, Notiocichla, Notiocincla, Orocetes, Oroscirtetes, Petrocincla, Petrocossyphus, Petrophila, Petrornis, Pseudocossyphus.

Long-billed Thrush (atrata)
Latin Name: Zoothera monticola atrata
atrata / atratus
L. atratus  clothed in mourning  < ater  black.
● ex “Black Vulture or Carrion Crow” of Bartram 1791 (Coragyps).
● ex “Black Swan” of Phillip 1789 (Cygnus).
● ex “Black Red-tail” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Phoenicurus ochruros).