Garrulax Monileger Bird

English Name:  Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush
Latin Name:  Garrulax monileger
Protonym:  Cinc[losoma]. Monilegera As.Res. 19 p.147
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Leiothrichidae / Garrulax
Taxonomy Code:  lenlau1
Type Locality:  Nepal.
Author:  Hodgson
Publish Year:  1836
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

GARRULAX
(Leiotrichidae; † White-crested Laughingthrush G. leucolophus belangeri) Genus Garrulus Brisson, 1760, jay; L. -ax  inclining towards (cf. L. garrulus  babbling  <  garrire  to babble); from their noisy behavious the laughingthrushes were formerly known as jay-thrushes; "CII.e Le genre GARRULAXE; Garrulax, Lesson.   ...   Observ. Ce genre est très-distinct des geais et des merles, avec lesquels on a voulu associer les espèces qui le composent, et qui vivent dans l'Inde.  Ce sont:  1.º Le GARRULAXE DE BÉLANGER; Garrulax Belangeri, Less., Zool. du Voy. aux Indes orientales, pl. 4   ...   Cet oiseau est nommé weraôu par les habitans du Pégu, sa patrie.   2.º Le GARRULAXE A FRONT ROUX; Garrulax rufifrons, Less., Zool. du Voy. de Bélanger, pl. 5.   ...   De Java.   3.º Le GARRULAXE AZUR; Garrulax azureus. Less.   ...   Habite le Pégu." (Lesson 1831); "Garrulax Lesson, 1831 (June), Traité d'Orn.: 647.  Type, by subsequent designation, Gray, 1846, Garrulax Belangeri Lesson, but nomen nudum, type hereby designated, Garrulax rufifrons Lesson." (Ripley, 1961, Synopsis Birds India Pakistan, p. 380); "GARRULAX Lesson, 1831  M— Garrulax belangeri Lesson, 1831; type by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 44)." (Dickinson and Christidis (eds.), H. & M. Complete Checklist, 4th ed., 2014, 2 (Passerines), p. 541).
Synon. Allocotops, Babax, Dryonastes, Garrulaxis, Ianthocincla, Kaznakowia, Leucodioptron, Melanocichla, Pterorhinus, Rhinocichla, Stactocichla.

monileger / monilegera / moniliger / moniligera / moniligerus
L. monile, monilis  necklace, collar; -ger  carrying  < gerere  to carry.

SUBSPECIES

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (monileger)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger monileger
monileger / monilegera / moniliger / moniligera / moniligerus
L. monile, monilis  necklace, collar; -ger  carrying  < gerere  to carry.

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (badius)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger badius
badius
L. badius chestnut-coloured, brown.
● ex “Brown Hawk” of Brown 1776, and Latham 1781 (Accipiter).
● ex “Tordo del pardo-roxizo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 63 (Agelaioides).
● ex “Port Jackson Thrush” of White 1790 (syn. Colluricincla harmonica).
● ex “Apiaster ex Franciae insula” of Brisson 1760, “Guêpier de l’île de France” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 252, “Guêpier maron et bleu” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Chestnut Bee-eater” of Latham 1782 (syn. Merops viridis).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (stuarti)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger stuarti
stuarti
● Edward Charles Stuart Baker (1864-1944) British ornithologist, oologist, Indian Police 1883-1912, collector (subsp. Garrulax monileger, subsp. Psilopogon cyanotis).
● Arthur Joseph Constable-Maxwell-Stuart (1845-1942) 18th Laird of Traquair, sportsman, collector in Bolivia (Martin Schneider in litt.) (Phaethornis).
● Dr Laurence Cooper Stuart (1907-1983) US herpetologist, collector in Guatemala 1936 (subsp. Stelgidopteryx ridgwayi).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (fuscatus)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger fuscatus
fuscatus
L. fuscatus dark  < fuscare  to darken  < fuscus  dark, black.
● ex “Hirondelle de Mer brune” of Brisson 1760; “Linnaeus’s S. fuscata ...is based on a young bird” (BOU 1915) (Onychoprion).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (mouhoti)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger mouhoti
mouhoti
Prof. Alexandre Henri Mouhot (1826-1861) French philologist, naturalist, explorer in Thailand, Cambodia and Laos 1858-1861 (subsp. Dicrurus leucophaeus, subsp. Garrulax monileger).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (pasquieri)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger pasquieri
pasquieri
Pierre Marie Antoine Pasquier (1877-1934) French Resident Superior in Annam 1920-1927, Gov.-Gen. of Indochina 1928-1934 (subsp. Garrulax monileger, Rimator).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (schauenseei)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger schauenseei
schauenseei
Rodolphe Meyer de Schauensee (1901-1984) Swiss/US ornithologist (subsp. Garrulax monileger, subsp. Pteruthius aeralatus, subsp. Pycnonotus aurigaster).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (tonkinensis)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger tonkinensis
tonkinensis
Tonkin Protectorate, French Indochina / Tong-king or Dong-king, Vietnam.

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (melli)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger melli
melli / melliana / mellianus
Dr Rudolf Emil Mell (1878-1970) German entomologist, collector, educationalist in China (syn. Aviceda leuphotes, subsp. Chloropsis lazulina, syn. Coracina macei rexpineti, subsp. Garrulax monileger, subsp. Geokichla citrina, Oriolus, syn. Pitta nympha, syn. Tyto longimembris).

Lesser Necklaced Laughingthrush (schmackeri)
Latin Name: Garrulax monileger schmackeri
schmackeri
Philipp Bernhard Schmacker (1852-1896) German missionary, conchologist, collector (syn. Criniger pallidus, subsp. Garrulax monileger, syn. Ixos philippinus mindorensis, syn. Penelopides panini mindorensis, syn. Temnurus temnurus).