Turdus Migratorius Bird

English Name:  American Robin
Latin Name:  Turdus migratorius
Protonym:  [Turdus] migratorius Syst.Nat.ed.12 ed.12 p.292
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Turdidae / Turdus
Taxonomy Code:  amerob
Type Locality:  in America septentrionali.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1766
IUCN Status:  

DEFINITIONS

TURDUS
(Turdidae; Ϯ Mistle Thrush T. viscivorus) L. turdus  thrush; "95. TURDUS.  Rostrum tereti-cultratum, maxilla superiore apice deflexo.  Nares nudæ, superne membranula semitectæ.  Lingua lacero-emarginata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Turdus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 168. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, p. 27), Turdus viscivorus Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 177). Linnaeus's Turdus comprised sixteen species (T. viscivorus, T. pilaris, T. iliacus, T. musicus, T. Canorus, T. rufus, T. polyglottos, T. Orpheus, T. plumbeus, T. crinitus, T. roseus, T. Merula, T. torquatus, T. solitarius, T. arundinaceus, T. virens).   
Var. Turus, Trudus, Turtus, Curdus.     
Synon. Afrocichla, Arceuthornis, Cichlherminia, Cichloides, Cichloselys, Copsichus, Copsicus, Cossyphopsis, Galeoscoptes, Haplocichla, Hodoiporus, Iliacus, Ixocossyphus, Lamprophonus, Melizocincla, Meridiocichla, Merula, Merulissima, Mimocichla, Mimokitta, Nesocichla, Peliocichla, Petrocincla, Planesticus, Platycichla, Semimerula, Thoracocincla, Turdela, Turdicus.

turdus
L. turdus  thrush.
● ex “Grivetin” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 118 < French Grive thrush (syn. Erythropygia leucophrys).
● "89. Loxia Turdus F.  ...  Habitat in insula australi Novae Zeeelandiae, simillima Turdo, statura, colore, pedibus.  Corpus magnitudine Turdi viscivori, supra fuscum." (Forster 1844) (syn. Turnagra capensis).

migratorius
L. migratorius  migrant, migratory  < migrator, migratoris  wanderer  < migrare  to migrate.
● ex “Pigeon of Passage” of Catesby 1731 (‡Ectopistes).
● ex Sylvia vermivora A. Wilson, 1811 (syn. Helmitheros vermivorus).
● ex “Turdus pilaris migratorius. Fieldfare of Carolina” of Catesby 1731, and “Turdus canadensis” of Brisson 1760 (Turdus).

Migratorius
(syn. Monticola Ϯ Blue Rock Thrush M. solitaria) L. migratorius  migrant, migratory  < migrator, migratoris  wanderer  < migrare  to migrate; "On m'excusera certainement de ne pas parler du Merle azuré, de Crespon, auquel personne n'a cru; et, encore mieux, de taire le nom de Migratorius, qui m'a appris, une fois de plus, à me tenir en garde contre certaines assertions qui ne sont pas immédiatement accompagnées d'une preuve palpable" (Jaubert 1854).

SUBSPECIES

American Robin (nigrideus)
Latin Name: Turdus migratorius nigrideus
nigrideus
L. nigridius  blackish  < niger  black.

American Robin (migratorius Group)
Latin Name: Turdus migratorius [migratorius Group]
TURDUS
(Turdidae; Ϯ Mistle Thrush T. viscivorus) L. turdus  thrush; "95. TURDUS.  Rostrum tereti-cultratum, maxilla superiore apice deflexo.  Nares nudæ, superne membranula semitectæ.  Lingua lacero-emarginata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Turdus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 168. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, p. 27), Turdus viscivorus Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 177). Linnaeus's Turdus comprised sixteen species (T. viscivorus, T. pilaris, T. iliacus, T. musicus, T. Canorus, T. rufus, T. polyglottos, T. Orpheus, T. plumbeus, T. crinitus, T. roseus, T. Merula, T. torquatus, T. solitarius, T. arundinaceus, T. virens).   
Var. Turus, Trudus, Turtus, Curdus.     
Synon. Afrocichla, Arceuthornis, Cichlherminia, Cichloides, Cichloselys, Copsichus, Copsicus, Cossyphopsis, Galeoscoptes, Haplocichla, Hodoiporus, Iliacus, Ixocossyphus, Lamprophonus, Melizocincla, Meridiocichla, Merula, Merulissima, Mimocichla, Mimokitta, Nesocichla, Peliocichla, Petrocincla, Planesticus, Platycichla, Semimerula, Thoracocincla, Turdela, Turdicus.

American Robin (San Lucas)
Latin Name: Turdus migratorius confinis
confinis
L. confinis  similar, nearly related.
● "Upon the whole, it may be that the specimen before me represents an abnormal plumage of T. migratorius; but its rather different proportions, much paler ground color beneath, greater extent of white on the belly, absence of black or dusky on the head, etc., leads me to consider it as distinct" (S. Baird 1864) (Turdus).