Tauraco Livingstonii Bird

English Name:  Livingstone's Turaco
Latin Name:  Tauraco livingstonii
Protonym:  Turacus livingstonii Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt1 p.44
Taxonomy:  Musophagiformes / Musophagidae / Tauraco
Taxonomy Code:  livtur1
Type Locality:  Manganja highlands, Nyasaland.
Author:  Gray, GR
Publish Year:  1864
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

TAURACO
(Musophagidae; Ϯ Guinea Turaco T. persa) According to SOED (1950), II, 2219,  Touraco is a native name in West Africa for the Guinea Turaco. Ray 1713, used “Tooracca” and “Tooraca” (e.g. “Tooracca Pigaly. Red Tooracca with a black head”), but these were for various Indian bulbuls, based on Telugu name Turaka-pigli-pitta for the Red-whiskered Bulbul. De Buffon 1783, coined “Tourocco”, combining French Tourterelle turtle dove, and Hocco curassow; Rüppell 1835 reported that Guguka was an Amharic name for a plantain-eater; and Gotch 1981, has "an imitation of the bird's cry."; "TOURACO.  THIS Bird is about the Bigness of a Magpye or Jay  ...  What genus of Birds to range this with, I cannot positively say; it climes not as Parrots do, nor doth it agree with them in any respect, except in the Position of the Toes; nor is its Bill any thing like a Woodpecker's, so that I think it nearest the Cuckow-kind.  Albin has figur'd this Bird, and calls it the Crown Bird from Mexico; tho' these Birds are indeed Africans, brought from Guinea, by the Way of the West Indies, to us" (Edwards 1743); "TAVRACO; regia avis, Edvv. I. p. 7. The Crown Bird from Mexico.  Albin II. 18. Rex Guineensis; Krohn-Vogel; nova dicitur avis.  Inter aviculas habemus regulos; quidem etiam haberemus regem? Edvvardo hæc avis apparet similis Picæ glandariæ; quod non dixerim; elegantissima est, rostro brevissimo, in capite condecorata plumis, qualibus se distinguunt Reguli africani. Albinus avem nec bene pinxit, nec recte descripsit, neque solum natale recte indigitavit; non enim mexicana est, sed guineensis, ex Africa septentrionali, versus regnum Congo, Capiti bonæ spei conterminum" (Klein 1750); "58. Rodzay V. Korończyk, (Tauraco,) szczegulnie tylko ten ieden iest gatunek. Ptak tu należący nadpospolicie pięknie się wydaie. Ma dziob krotki, i nosi na swey głowie takowe piora, iakich Afrykańscy Krolikowie zażywaią. Oyczyzną iego iest Gwinea, połnocna Afryka, i Krolestwo Kongo." (Kluk 1779); "Tauraco Kluk, Hist. [Historyi Naturalney], 2, 1779, p. 25. Type, by subsequent designation, Cuculus persa Linné. (Domaniewski, Acta Orn. Mus. Zool. Polon., 1, 1933, p. 26.)" (Peters 1940, IV, 3). 
Var. Touraco, Turaco.
Synon. Corythaix, Heuglinornis, Menelikornis, Neumannornis, Opoethus, Persa, Proturacopsis, Proturacus, Pseudogallirex, Pseudopoetus, Spelectoides, Spelectos, Turacus.

livingstonei / livingstoni / livingstonii
● C. Carey Livingston (fl. 1940) US ornithologist at Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (subsp. Chlorospingus semifuscus).
● Dr David Livingstone (1813–1873) Scottish missionary to tropical Africa, anti-slaver, explorer (Erythrocercus, subsp. Oenanthe pileata).
● Gerald Moncrieffe Livingston (1883-1950) US sportsman, father-in-law of ornithologist S. Dillon Ripley (subsp. Garrulax caerulatus).
● Revd. Charles Livingstone (1821-1873) Scottish missionary, explorer (secretary to his brother David on the Zambezi Expedition 1858-1863), British Consul to Fernando Póo, Benin, Biafra and the Niger 1864-1873 (Tauraco).

SUBSPECIES

Livingstone's Turaco (reichenowi)
Latin Name: Tauraco livingstonii reichenowi
reichenovi / reichenovii / reichenowi
Prof. Georg Anton Eugen Reichenow (1847-1941) German ornithologist (subsp. Aerodramus spodiopygius, Anthreptes, syn. Anthus spinoletta, Batis, subsp. Bocagia minuta, syn. Chlorophoneus multicolor, Cinnyris, subsp. Cisticola brachypterus,  Crithagra, Cryptospiza, subsp. Dendropicos gabonensis, Drepanorhynchus, syn. Dryocopus martius, subsp. Edolisoma schisticeps, syn. Emberiza goslingi, syn. Galerida cristata arenicola, syn. Gymnoris pyrgita, syn. Illadopsis fulvescens (ex Turdinus rufiventris Reichenow, 1893), syn. Lagonosticta rubricata haematocephala, syn. Lanius collurio (ex Lanius affinis Fischer & Reichenow, 1884), subsp. Melaenornis chocolatinus, syn. Merops viridissimus, syn. Milvus migrans, syn. Myrmecocichla albifrons frontalis, subsp. Numida meleagris, syn. Onychognathus fulgidus hartlaubii, subsp. Oriolus larvatus, subsp. Pachycephala hyperythra, Pionus, Pitta, subsp. Ploceus baglafecht, subsp. Poicephalus meyeri, syn. Prodotiscus zambesiae ellenbecki, subsp. Psalidoprocne pristoptera, subsp. Pteroglossus bitorquatus, syn. Ptyonoprogne obsoleta, syn. Pycnonotus xanthopygos, subsp. Rhipidura dryas, subsp. Sarothrura elegans, subsp. Sasia ochracea, subsp. Schistolais leucopogon, Streptopelia, syn. Symposiachrus axillaris fallax, syn. Tachymarptis aequatorialis, subsp. Tauraco livingstonii, subsp. Trochocercus nitens, syn. Turdoides jardineii emini, subsp. Tychaedon leucosticta, syn. Urorhipis rufifrons rufidorsalis, subsp. Zosterops senegalensis).

Livingstone's Turaco (cabanisi)
Latin Name: Tauraco livingstonii cabanisi
cabanidis / cabanisi
Jean Louis Cabanis (1816-1906) German ornithologist, founding editor of Journal für Ornithologie 1853 (Basileuterus, subsp. Colibri thalassinus, subsp. Cnemotriccus fuscatus, subsp. Dendrocopos major, Emberiza, Knipolegus, Lanius, subsp. Lonchura punctulata (ex Oxycerca jagori Cabanis, 1872), Melozone, Microspingus, Phyllastrephus, subsp. Piaya cayana, Pseudonigrita, subsp. Rhinopomastus minor, Synallaxis, subsp. Syndactyla rufosuperciliata, Tangara (ex Calliste sclateri Cabanis, 1866), subsp. Tauraco livingstonii) (see cabanisii).

Livingstone's Turaco (livingstonii)
Latin Name: Tauraco livingstonii livingstonii
livingstonei / livingstoni / livingstonii
● C. Carey Livingston (fl. 1940) US ornithologist at Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia (subsp. Chlorospingus semifuscus).
● Dr David Livingstone (1813–1873) Scottish missionary to tropical Africa, anti-slaver, explorer (Erythrocercus, subsp. Oenanthe pileata).
● Gerald Moncrieffe Livingston (1883-1950) US sportsman, father-in-law of ornithologist S. Dillon Ripley (subsp. Garrulax caerulatus).
● Revd. Charles Livingstone (1821-1873) Scottish missionary, explorer (secretary to his brother David on the Zambezi Expedition 1858-1863), British Consul to Fernando Póo, Benin, Biafra and the Niger 1864-1873 (Tauraco).