Bucephala Islandica Bird

English Name:  Barrow's Goldeneye
Latin Name:  Bucephala islandica
Protonym:  Anas islandica Syst.Nat. 1 pt2 p.541
Taxonomy:  Anseriformes / Anatidae / Bucephala
Taxonomy Code:  bargol
Type Locality:  Iceland.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1789
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

BUCEPHALA
(Anatidae; † Bufflehead B. albeola) Specific name Anas bucephala Linnaeus, 1766 (= syn. Bucephala albeola); "Bucephala, BAIRD.  Type Anas albeola, L.  ...  BUCEPHALA, Baird.  ...  CH.— Bill from feathers of forehead about equal to the tarsus and shorter than the head; high at the base; lateral outlines tapering to the tip, where the nail forms only the central portion, though rather large. Nostrils situated near the middle of  the bill. Feathers of chin and forehead extending only moderately foreward a little further than those of cheeks. Tarsus rather more than half the foot. Tail moderately long, about half the wing, and somewhat pointed; of sixteen feathers.  ...  BUCEPHALA ALBEOLA, Baird.  Butter Ball; Dipper; Buffle Head.  ...  The name buffle head is a corruption of buffalo head, under which name it is mentioned by Bartram, in 1791." (Baird 1858); "Bucephala Baird, 1858, in Baird, Cassin, and Lawrence, Rep. Explor. Surv. Railroad Mississippi Pacific, 9, pp. xxiii, L, 788, 795.  Type, by original designation, Anas albeola Linnaeus." (Johnsgard in Peters, 1979, I, 2nd ed., p. 494) (see bucephala). 
Synon. Charitonetta, Clanganas, Clangula, Glaucion, Glaucionetta.

bucephala / bucephalus
Gr. βουκεφαλος boukephalos  bull-headed, large-headed  < βους bous  bull; -κεφαλος -kephalos  -headed  < κεφαλη kephalē  head.
● “Buffel’s Head Duck  ...  these feathers make the head appear bigger than it is, which seems to have given it the name of buffel’s head, that animal’s head appearing very big by its being covered with very thick long hair” (Catesby 1731); "61. ANAS.  ...  bucephala.  19. A. albida, dorso remigibusque nigris, capite supra infraque tumido sericeo nitente.  Anas minor, purpureo capite. Catesb. car. I. p. 95. t. 95 [♂].  Habitat in aquis dulcibus Americæ septentrionalis." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Bucephala albeola).
● "1.) LA PIE GRIÈCHE BUCÉPHALE.  LANIUS BUCEPHALUS.   ...   La tête est assez grande et le bec assez fort et vigoureux pour la taille de l'oiseau." (Temminck & Schlegel 1847) (Lanius).

islandica / islandicus / islandorum / islandus
Iceland  < Icelandic Ísland (cf. Med. L. Islandensis  Icelandic).
● ex “Hravn Oend” of O. F. Müller 1776, and “Iceland Duck” of Latham 1785 (Bucephala).
● ex “Gerfaut d’Islande” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Falco rusticolus).
● Balta Sound, Shetland Is. (syn. Larus glaucoides).