Larus Hyperboreus Bird

English Name:  Glaucous Gull
Latin Name:  Larus hyperboreus
Protonym:  Larus hyperboreus Beskr.Finm.Lapper[Leem] p.226,note
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Laridae / Larus
Taxonomy Code:  glagul
Type Locality:  Northern Norway.
Author:  Gunnerus
Publish Year:  1767
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

LARUS
(Laridae; Ϯ Great Black-backed Gull L. marinus) L. larus  rapacious seabird, probably a gull  < Gr. λαρος laros  voracious seabird, perhaps a gull; the Great Black-backed Gull, the largest member of the Laridae, breeds only on sea coasts, where it is a true predator; "69. LARUS.  Rostrum edentulum, rectum, cultratum, apice declive: Mandibula inferior infra apicem gibba.  Nares lineares, antice latiores.   ...   Pulli primi anni plurumque in his grisei sunt; unde speciei multiplicatio." (Linnaeus 1758); "Larus Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 136. Type, by subsequent designation, Larus marinus Linné (Selby, Cat. Gen. Subgen. Types Aves, 1840, p. 48)" (Peters 1934, II, 313). Linnaeus's Larus comprised six species (L. tridactylus, L. canus, L. marinus, L. fuscus, L. Atricilla, L. parasiticus).
Synon. Adelarus, Atricilla, Blasipus, Bruchigavia, Caturates, Chroicocephalus, Cirrhocephala, Clupeilarus, Dominicanus, Einalia, Epitelarus, Gabianus, Gavia, Gavina, Gelastes, Glaucus, Hydropeleia, Ichthyaetus, Lambruschinia, Laroides, Lencus, Leucophaeus, Melagavia, Melanolarus, Microlarus, Misamichus, Ocyplanus, Pacificolarus, Plautus, Procellarus.

hyperborea / hyperboreus
L. hyperboreus  northern  < Gr. Ὑπερβορεοι Huperboreoi  a people of the extreme north.
● Lapland and Hudson Bay; ex “Larus fidipes alter” of Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, “Tringa fuscus canadensis” of Edwards 1743-1751, “Phalaropus cinereus” of Brisson 1760, and Tringa lobata Linnaeus, 1761 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).

SUBSPECIES

Glaucous Gull (hyperboreus)
Latin Name: Larus hyperboreus hyperboreus
hyperborea / hyperboreus
L. hyperboreus  northern  < Gr. Ὑπερβορεοι Huperboreoi  a people of the extreme north.
● Lapland and Hudson Bay; ex “Larus fidipes alter” of Willughby 1676, and Ray 1713, “Tringa fuscus canadensis” of Edwards 1743-1751, “Phalaropus cinereus” of Brisson 1760, and Tringa lobata Linnaeus, 1761 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).

Glaucous Gull (pallidissimus)
Latin Name: Larus hyperboreus pallidissimus
pallidissima / pallidissimus
L. pallidissimus  very pale  < super. pallidus  pale  < pallere  to be pale.

Glaucous Gull (barrovianus)
Latin Name: Larus hyperboreus barrovianus
barrovianus
Point Barrow, Alaska, USA.

Glaucous Gull (leuceretes)
Latin Name: Larus hyperboreus leuceretes
leuceretes
Gr. λευκηρης leukērēs  blanched, white  < λευκος leukos  white; αιρω airō  to enhance.