Gallinula Galeata Bird

English Name:  Common Gallinule
Latin Name:  Gallinula galeata
Protonym:  Crex galeata Verz.ausgestop.Saug.Vog. p.36 Concept
Taxonomy:  Gruiformes / Rallidae / Gallinula
Taxonomy Code:  comgal1
Type Locality:  Paraguay, ex Azara.
Author:  Lichtenstein, MHC
Publish Year:  1818
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

GALLINULA
(Rallidae; Ϯ Common Moorhen G. chloropus) Late Med. L. gallinula  moorhen or waterhen, so named for its cocked tail and halting progress  < L. gallinula  little hen, chicken  < dim. gallina  hen   < gallus  cockerel; "Gallinula. Genus 88.  ...  **1. LA POULE-D'EAU ...  GALLINULA.  ...  Elle est à peu près de la grosseur d'une petite Poule.  ...  On les trouve dans les rivieres & les étangs. Elles font leur nid dans les broussailles qui se trouvent sur leurs bords" (Brisson 1760): based on "Gallinula Chloropus" of Aldrovandus 1599-1603, and many other authors, and Fulica Chloropus Linnaeus, 1758; "Gallinula Brisson, Orn., 1760, 1, p. 50; 6, p. 2. Type, by tautonymy, Gallinula Brisson = Fulica chloropus Linné." (Peters, 1934, II, p. 202).  This genus formerly included Paragallinula, Porphyriops, Porphyriornis and Tribonyx.  
Var. Callinula, Galinula.
Synon. Hydrogallina, Stagnicola.

gallinula
Late Med. L. gallinula  moorhen or waterhen  < L. gallinula  little hen  < dim. gallina  hen  < gallus  cockerel.
● ex “Gallinago minima” of Belon 1555, “Gid,” “Jack-Snipe” or “Judcock” of Ray 1713, and “Petite Beccassine” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Lymnocryptes minima).

galeata / galeatum / galeatus
L. galeatus  helmeted  < galea  helmet (usually refers to a full and conspicuous crest).
● ex “Red-crowned Parrot” of Latham 1802 (syn. Callocephalon fimbriatum).
● ex “Galeated Cassowary” of Latham 1785 (syn. Casuarius casuarius).
● ex “Gobe-mouche huppé de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 189, and “Drongo” of de Buffon 1770-1786 (syn. Dicrurus forficatus).
● ex “Yahaná” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 379 (Gallinula).
● (syn. Knipolegus lophotes) (= ♀).
● (syn. Knipolegus nigerrimus) (= ♂).
● ex "Figuier huppé de Cayenne" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 391, fig. 1 (Lophotriccus).
● ex “Hocco du Méxique” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Pauxi pauxi).
● ex “Calao à casque rond” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 933, and “Helmet Hornbill” of Latham 1781 (syn. Rhinoplax vigil).

SUBSPECIES

Common Gallinule (American)
Latin Name: Gallinula galeata [galeata Group]
GALLINULA
(Rallidae; Ϯ Common Moorhen G. chloropus) Late Med. L. gallinula  moorhen or waterhen, so named for its cocked tail and halting progress  < L. gallinula  little hen, chicken  < dim. gallina  hen   < gallus  cockerel; "Gallinula. Genus 88.  ...  **1. LA POULE-D'EAU ...  GALLINULA.  ...  Elle est à peu près de la grosseur d'une petite Poule.  ...  On les trouve dans les rivieres & les étangs. Elles font leur nid dans les broussailles qui se trouvent sur leurs bords" (Brisson 1760): based on "Gallinula Chloropus" of Aldrovandus 1599-1603, and many other authors, and Fulica Chloropus Linnaeus, 1758; "Gallinula Brisson, Orn., 1760, 1, p. 50; 6, p. 2. Type, by tautonymy, Gallinula Brisson = Fulica chloropus Linné." (Peters, 1934, II, p. 202).  This genus formerly included Paragallinula, Porphyriops, Porphyriornis and Tribonyx.  
Var. Callinula, Galinula.
Synon. Hydrogallina, Stagnicola.

Common Gallinule (Altiplano)
Latin Name: Gallinula galeata garmani
garmani
Dr Samuel Walton Garman (1843-1927) US zoologist, taxonomist, collector in the Caribbean and Neotropics (subsp. Gallinula galeata).

Common Gallinule (Hawaiian)
Latin Name: Gallinula galeata sandvicensis
sandvicensis / sandvichensis / sandwichensis
● Sandwich I. (= Faté = Efaté), New Hebrides (subsp. Chalcophaps longirostris).
● Sandwich Is. (= Hawaiian Is.) (named after John Montagu 4th Earl of Sandwich (1718-1792) First Lord of the Admiralty 1771-1782); ex “Sandwich Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (Chasiempis).
● Sandwich Is. (= Hawaiian Is.); ex “Sandwich Thrush” (= ☼) of Latham 1783 (syn. Chasiempis sandwichensis).
● Unalaska I. and Sandwich Sound, Alaska (cf. “Named after Sandwich Island, one of the Kurile or Aleutian Archipelago” (Coues 1882)); ex “Unalaska Bunting” of Pennant 1785, and “Sandwich Bunting” of Latham 1785 (Passerculus).
● Sandwich, Kent, England; ex “Sandwich Tern” of Latham 1785 (Thalasseus).
● Sandwich Is. (= Hawaiian Is.); ex "Sandwich Rail" of Latham 1785 (‡Zapornia).