Acridotheres Fuscus Bird

English Name:  Jungle Myna
Latin Name:  Acridotheres fuscus
Protonym:  Pastor fuscus Syst.Av. Pastor [p.88] sp.6
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Sturnidae / Acridotheres
Taxonomy Code:  junmyn1
Type Locality:  India, restricted to eastern Bengal by Baker (1921, Journ. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc, 27, p. 702).i
Author:  Wagler
Publish Year:  1827
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ACRIDOTHERES
(Sturnidae; Ϯ Common Myna A. tristis) Gr. ακρις akris, ακριδος akridos  locust; -θηρας -thēras  -hunter  < θηραω thēraō  to hunt  < θηρ thēr, θηρος thēros  beast, animal. "MARTIN, Acridotheres.  Paradisea, Gracula, Turdus, Linn. Gm. Lath.   Bec droit, tendu, convexe en dessus, comprimé; mandibule supérieure, entière ou échancrée, un peu déprimée et inclinée vers le bout. — Tête en partie, ou seulement les orbites glabres.   2 sections.   Esp. Martin. — Merle-chauve, Buff.  —  Martin brame, Sonnerat.   ...   Acridothera  [ακρις, locustella, θηραω, venor]." (Vieillot 1816); "Acridotheres Vieillot, 1816, Analyse, p. 42. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, p. 40), Paradisea tristis Linnaeus." (Amadon in Peters 1962, XV, 112).   
Var. Acridothera, Acridotherss, Cridotheres.   
Synon. Aethiopsar, Graculaea.

fuscus
L. fuscus  brown, dusky, dark-coloured, black (see also fusca).
● ex “Merula Philippensis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Acridotheres tristis).
● ex “Brown Thrush” of Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785 (syn. Catharus swainsoni).
● ex “Alondra parda” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 147 (Cinclodes).
● ex “Sucrier Namaquois” or “Sucrier à Caleçon Blanc” of Levaillant 1812, pl. 296 (Cinnyris).
● "77. SCOLOPAX.  ...  fusca.  3. S. rostro arcuato, pedibus rubris, corpore fusco, cauda basi alba.  Numenius fuscus. Catesb. car. I. p. 83. t. 83.  Habitat in America.  Antecedentes 1. 2. 3. structura nimis affines, sed colore corporis diversæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Eudocimus albus ☼) (see ruber and albus).
● ex “Brown-headed Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Euphagus carolinus).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur de la côte Malabar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 894 (syn. Halcyon smyrnensis).
● "69. LARUS.  ...  fuscus.  4. L. albus, dorso fusco. Fn. svec. 126.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Larus).
● ex “Brown Merganser” (= ♀) of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Lophodytes cucullatus).
● ex “Mésange Brune à Poitrine Noire” of Levaillant 1804, pl. 139, fig. 1 (syn. Melaniparus afer).
● ex “Brown-headed Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Molothrus ater).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Vautour de Malthe” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 427 (= ☼) (syn. Neophron percnopterus).
● (J. Gmelin 1788) ex “Vultur fuscus” of Brisson 1760, “Vautour de Malthe” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 427, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Avoltojo Griffone” of Cetti 1776 (syn. Neophron percnopterus).
● ex “Brown Pelican” of Latham 1785 (syn. Pelecanus occidentalis).
● ex Tringa lobata Linnaeus, 1758, and “Phalarope cendré” and “Phalarope brun” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).
● ex “Little Dusky Parrot” of Edwards 1764 (Pionus).
● ex “Merle huppé du cap de bonne Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 563, fig. 1 (syn. Pycnonotus cafer).
● ex “Black-cap Fly-catcher” of Catesby 1731-1743, and Latham 1783, “Muscicapa carolinensis fusca” of Brisson 1760, “Gobe-mouche noirâtre de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-headed Fly-catcher of Pennant 1785 (syn. Sayornis phoebe).
● ex “Brown Tody” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

Jungle Myna (fuscus)
Latin Name: Acridotheres fuscus fuscus
fuscus
L. fuscus  brown, dusky, dark-coloured, black (see also fusca).
● ex “Merula Philippensis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Acridotheres tristis).
● ex “Brown Thrush” of Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785 (syn. Catharus swainsoni).
● ex “Alondra parda” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 147 (Cinclodes).
● ex “Sucrier Namaquois” or “Sucrier à Caleçon Blanc” of Levaillant 1812, pl. 296 (Cinnyris).
● "77. SCOLOPAX.  ...  fusca.  3. S. rostro arcuato, pedibus rubris, corpore fusco, cauda basi alba.  Numenius fuscus. Catesb. car. I. p. 83. t. 83.  Habitat in America.  Antecedentes 1. 2. 3. structura nimis affines, sed colore corporis diversæ." (Linnaeus 1758) (syn. Eudocimus albus ☼) (see ruber and albus).
● ex “Brown-headed Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Euphagus carolinus).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur de la côte Malabar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 894 (syn. Halcyon smyrnensis).
● "69. LARUS.  ...  fuscus.  4. L. albus, dorso fusco. Fn. svec. 126.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Larus).
● ex “Brown Merganser” (= ♀) of Pennant 1785 (?syn. Lophodytes cucullatus).
● ex “Mésange Brune à Poitrine Noire” of Levaillant 1804, pl. 139, fig. 1 (syn. Melaniparus afer).
● ex “Brown-headed Oriole” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Molothrus ater).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Vautour de Malthe” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 427 (= ☼) (syn. Neophron percnopterus).
● (J. Gmelin 1788) ex “Vultur fuscus” of Brisson 1760, “Vautour de Malthe” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 427, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Avoltojo Griffone” of Cetti 1776 (syn. Neophron percnopterus).
● ex “Brown Pelican” of Latham 1785 (syn. Pelecanus occidentalis).
● ex Tringa lobata Linnaeus, 1758, and “Phalarope cendré” and “Phalarope brun” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Phalaropus lobatus).
● ex “Little Dusky Parrot” of Edwards 1764 (Pionus).
● ex “Merle huppé du cap de bonne Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 563, fig. 1 (syn. Pycnonotus cafer).
● ex “Black-cap Fly-catcher” of Catesby 1731-1743, and Latham 1783, “Muscicapa carolinensis fusca” of Brisson 1760, “Gobe-mouche noirâtre de la Caroline” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-headed Fly-catcher of Pennant 1785 (syn. Sayornis phoebe).
● ex “Brown Tody” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

Jungle Myna (mahrattensis)
Latin Name: Acridotheres fuscus mahrattensis
mahrattarum / mahrattensis
Mahratta Country, Deccan, India.

Jungle Myna (fumidus)
Latin Name: Acridotheres fuscus fumidus
fumidus
L. fumidus  smoky  < fumus, fumi   smoke.

Jungle Myna (torquatus)
Latin Name: Acridotheres fuscus torquatus
torquatus
L. torquatus  collared  < torques  collar, necklace  < torquere  to twist.
● ex “Tangara de la Guyane” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 742 (syn. Arremon taciturnus).
● ex “Pic à cravate noire” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 863 (Celeus).
● ex “Pluvier à collier” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Ring Plover” of Leach 1816 (syn. Charadrius hiaticula).
● ex “Pluvier à collier de S. Domingue” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charadrius vociferus ternominatus).
● ex “Clouded Shrike” of Latham 1787 (Cracticus).
● ex “Barbu à Plastron Noir” of Levaillant 1806 (Lybius).
● ex “Ring Pheasant” of Latham 1783 (subsp. Phasianus colchicus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 551, and “Perruche à collier couleur de rose” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Psittacula krameri).
● ex “Cochitenacatl” of Hernandez 1651, “Toucan à collier du Méxique” of Brisson 1760, “Cochicat” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Collared Toucan” of Latham 1781 (Pteroglossus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of Brisson 1760 (Saxicola).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  torquatus.  13. T. nigricans, torque albo, rostro flavescente. Faun. svec. 185.  Merula torquata. Gesn. av. 607. Aldr. orn. l. 16. t. 11. Will. orn. 143. t. 37. Raj. av. 65. n. 2. Alb. av. I. p. 37. t. 39. Frisch. av. 30. f. 1. 2.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Turdus).
● ex “Perruche à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite Perruche à collier de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Collared Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (unident.).