Vidua Funerea Bird
Vidua Funerea Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Fringilla funerea Rev.Zool. 10 p.180
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Viduidae / Vidua
Taxonomy Code: varind1
Type Locality: Natal.
Author: de Tarragon
Publish Year: 1847
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
VIDUA
(Viduidae; † Pin-tailed Whydah V. macroura) L. vidua widow < viduus bereaved, widowed (see vidua); "LES VEUVES. (VIDUA. Cuv.) Sont des oiseaux d'Afrique et des Indes, à bec de linotte, quelquefois un peu plus renflé à sa base, qui se distinguent parce que quelques unes des couvertures supérieures de leur queue sont excessivement allongées dans les mâles (1). ... (1) On ne sait pourquoi Linnæus et Gmelin les ont associés aux bruans, sous les noms de emberiza regia (enl. 8, 1) — Emb. serena (ib. 2.) — Emb. paradisea (enl. 194.) — Emb. panayensis (enl. 647.) — Emb. longicauda (enl. 635.) Si on ne laisse pas les veuves avec les linottes, on ne peut les placer qu'avec les gros becs. N. B. L'emb. principalis (Edw. 270) et l'emb. vidua (Aldrow. Ornit. II, 565) me paraissent le même oiseau en différens états de plumage. L'emb. psittacea, Seb. I, pl. 66, fig. 5, n'est pas bien authentique. L'angolensis, Salern. Orn. 277; la veuve chrysoptère, Vieill. Ois. ch. pl. 41, et le lox. macroura, enl. 183, 1, qui n'en diffère peut-être pas, ne sont point des veuves, mais des gros becs ordinaires." (Cuvier 1817); "Vidua Cuvier, 1817, Règne Animal, 1, p. 388. Type, by tautonymy, Emberiza vidua Linnaeus = Fringilla macroura Pallas." (Traylor in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 394).
Synon. Hypochera, Linura, Steganura, Tetraenura, Videstrelda, Widha.
• (Viduidae; syn. Vidua † Long-tailed Paradise Whydah V. paradisaea) "Vidua, Cuvier. (fig. 246.) Bill short. Wings lengthened; the second, third, and two following quills longest, and of equal length. Tail boat-shaped: males with the two middle feathers excessively elongated, generally broad and convex. V. rufitorques. W. Af. i. 174.(c) erythrorhynchus. Ib. (b) chrysonotus. W. Af. i. 174.(d) paradisea. Ib. pl. 11." (Swainson 1837); "Vidua "Cuvier" Swainson, 1837, Nat. Hist. Classification Birds, II, p. 278 (not of Cuvier, 1817). Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 71), Emberiza paradisaea Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
vidua
L. vidua widow < viduus bereaved, widowed (e.g. in mourning, black, veiled).
● ex “Aguimp” or “Lavandière Pie” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 178 (subsp. Motacilla aguimp).
● ex “Petite Veuve” and “Grande Veuve” of Brisson 1760; “is called la Veuve, or Widow Bird, from the colour ... Edwards gives another reason for the name - being a corruption of Whidah, a fort in Africa, in the neighbourhood of which they are common. Whidah Bird, and Widow Bird, are sounds very similar” (Latham 1783). Whydah or Whidah (now Ouidha, Benin), received its European name by a corruption of São João Baptista de Ajudá, a nearby Portuguese fort (syn. Vidua macroura).
● "Unfortunately Mons. Robert sent only one female of this distinct species. Of the allied H. griseiventris also the male is as yet unknown" (Hellmayr 1905) (Willisornis).
funerea / funereus / funeria
L. funereus funereal, ill-omened < funus, funeris funeral (e.g. black or dark coloured, as if in mourning).
● "42. STRIX. ... funerea. 7. S. capite lævi, corpore fusco, iridibus flavis. Fn. svec. 51. Ulula flammeata. Frisch. av. t. 98? Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Aegolius).
● ex “Black Linnet” of Edwards 1764 (Vidua).
SUBSPECIES
Variable Indigobird (nigerrima)
Latin Name: Vidua funerea nigerrima
nigerrima / nigerrimus
L. nigerrimus very black < super. niger black.
● ex “Coucal Nègre” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 222 (?syn. Centropus menbeki, ?syn. Centropus bernsteini).
● ex “Crabier noir de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 926 (syn. Egretta sacra).
● ex “Merula madagascariensis aurea” of Brisson 1760, “Merle doré de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 539, fig. 1, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-cheeked Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Philepitta castanea).
● ex “Tangara noir d’Amérique” (= ♂) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 179, fig. 2, “Tangara noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Gujana Tanager” of Latham 1783 (syn. Tachyphonus rufus).
Variable Indigobird (funerea)
Latin Name: Vidua funerea funerea
funerea / funereus / funeria
L. funereus funereal, ill-omened < funus, funeris funeral (e.g. black or dark coloured, as if in mourning).
● "42. STRIX. ... funerea. 7. S. capite lævi, corpore fusco, iridibus flavis. Fn. svec. 51. Ulula flammeata. Frisch. av. t. 98? Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Aegolius).
● ex “Black Linnet” of Edwards 1764 (Vidua).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)