Pipra Filicauda Bird

English Name:  Wire-tailed Manakin
Latin Name:  Pipra filicauda
Protonym:  Pipra filicauda Av.Sp.Nov.Brasil. 2 p.6 pl.8 fig.1,2
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Pipridae / Pipra
Taxonomy Code:  witman2
Type Locality:  Sao Paulo de Olivenga, Brazil.
Author:  von Spix
Publish Year:  1825
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

PIPRA
(Pipridae; Ϯ Crimson-hooded Manakin P. aureola) Specific name Parus Pipra Linnaeus, 1758  <  Gr. πιπρα pipra (also πιπρω piprō, πιπρως piprōs and πιπων pipōn) small bird mentioned by Aristotle and other authors, never properly identified, and formerly falsely linked with πιπω pipō woodpecker. Its association with the colourful Neotropical manakins seems to be arbitrary; "Manakin  ...  Pipra of Linnaeus  ...  a πιπρα, a certain bird, mentioned by Aristotle" (Pennant 1773); "Pipira:— N[ome]. commum a diversas aves da Fam. Tanagridae" (Garcia 1929) (the absence of an etymology indicates that this is a Brazilian Portuguese name, perhaps from an unknown indigenous source); “the name pipira is used indiscriminately for manakins and thraupines in Bolivia, Brazil, and Peru” (Sick 1993); "PIPRA·   Aureola.  PIPRA nigra, capite pectoreque coccineis, remigibus antrorsum macula alba.  Syst. Nat. 10. p. 191. n. 11.  Pet. gaz. t. 46. f. 10.  Seb. thes. I. p. 96. t. 60. f. 8. Avicula mexicana de chichiltototh altera.   CORPUS magnitudine Hirundinis, sed brevius, crassius.  ATRA: Dorsum, Alæ, Cauda.  COCCINEA: Caput, Collum, Pectus, Rostrum, sed versus basin magis flavescens.  REMIGES a latere interiore, in medio, macula alba notatæ.  RECTRICES æquales, immaculatæ, nigræ.  ROSTRUM nigrum, breve, compressum & fere cultratum, basi tectum.  Nares patulæ.  UNGUES acuti, curvi.  Differt a Corvo rostri basi non setis tecta; a Monedula ore non vibrissato.     leucocephala.  PIPRA nigra, capite albo.  Seb. thes. 2. t. 896. f. 5.  Statura Motacillæ, sed Rostrum paulo validius.  CORPUS totum nigrum.  CAPUT totum album.  Vibrissæ ad os validiores quam in congeneribus.     leucocilla.  PIPRA atra, capite supra albo.  CORPUS totum atrum, magnitudine Pari vulgaris.  CAPUT totum tectum supra albis pennis, longioribus quam pro statura.  ROSTRUM brevius, crassius, trigonum, maxilla superiore modice incurvata, ergo propius Pipris quam Tanagris.     minuta.  PIPRA grisea, capite nigro albo-punctato.  CORPUS magnitudine Reguli.  DORSUM & ALÆ supra griseæ.  PECTUS flavescens lineis transversis nigris.  CAPUT nigrum, adspersum punctis albis rotundis, in singula penna singulis.  Mas antice capite lineis carneis, postice punctis albis.  CAUDA fusca, lateribus pallida." (Linnaeus 1764); "Pipra Linnaeus, 1764, Mus. Adolphi Friderici, 2, Prodr., p. 32. Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray 1840,  List Gen. Birds, p. 33), Parus aureola Linnaeus." (Snow in Peters 1979, VIII, 269).
Var. Pypra, Pigra.
Synon. Cirrhipipra, Teleonema.

pipra
● Gr. πιπρα pipra small bird, never properly identified, but here regarded as a spotted woodpecker (syn. Dendrocopos major kamtschaticus, syn. Dryobates minor kamtschatkensis).
● Genus Pipra Linnaeus, 1764, manakin. Lesson 1831, gave the name "Pardalote Manakin" to the Buff-throated Purpletuft, believing its generic characters to be intermediate between the pardalotes Pardalotus and the manakins (Iodopleura) (see Iodopleura).
● Gr. πιπρα pipra  small bird, never properly identified, mentioned by Aristotle and other authors; "100. PARUS.  ...  Pipra.  9. P. ater, capite supra albo. Mus. Ad. Fr. 2. p.  Avicula toto corpore nigra, cum vitta alba. Seb. mus. 2. p. 102. t. 96. f. 5.  Habitat in Indiis.  Statura Motacillæ, similis sequenti, sed rostrum paulo validius. Corpus totum nigrum. Caput totum album. Vibrissæ ad os, validiores quam in congeneribus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Pseudopipra).

filicauda
L. filum, fili  thread; cauda  tail.

SUBSPECIES

Wire-tailed Manakin (subpallida)
Latin Name: Pipra filicauda subpallida
subpallida / subpallidum / subpallidus
L. suppallidus or subpallidus  somewhat pale, palish  < sub  somewhat; pallidus  pallid, pale  < pallere  to be pale.
● L. sub  near to; specific name Caccabis pallidus Hume, 1873 (= subsp. Alectoris chukar) (subsp. Alectoris chukar).
● L. sub  near to; specific name Micraeca pallida DeVis, 1884 (= subsp. Microeca fascinans) (syn. Microeca fascinans pallida).
● L. sub  near to; specific name Troglodytes pallidus Hume, 1875 (subsp. Troglodytes troglodytes). 
● L. sub  near to; specific name Turdus pallidus J. Gmelin, 1789 (syn. Turdus feae).

Wire-tailed Manakin (filicauda)
Latin Name: Pipra filicauda filicauda
filicauda
L. filum, fili  thread; cauda  tail.