Piranga Erythrocephala Bird
Piranga Erythrocephala Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Spermagra erythrocephala Philos.Mag.n.s. n.s., 1 p.437
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Cardinalidae / Piranga
Taxonomy Code: rehtan1
Type Locality: 'Temiscaltipec'' [, Mexico].
Author: Swainson
Publish Year: 1827
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
PIRANGA
(Cardinalidae; Ϯ Summer Tanager P. rubra) Güaraní name Pirangá red (bird), for a small bird, a finch or a tanager ("Πυρ, fire, (colour of the plumage)" (Ashmolean 1836)) (cf. “Tijepiranga” of Marcgrave 1648, a name for the Troupial Icterus); "No 12. Bec du Piranga incarnat, Piranga rubra. Cet oiseau que les auteurs ont rangé parmi les Tangaras, Tanagra Mississipensis, æstiva, LINN. GM., et d'autres parmi les Moucherolles, Muscicapa rubra, LINN. édit. 12, diffère assez des uns et des autres pour constituer un nouveau genre, dont le caractère principal est d'avoir le bec gros, alongé, droit, déprimé à sa base, convexe dessus et dessous, légèrement entaillé et recourbé à l'extrémité de sa partie supérieure." (Vieillot 1807); "Piranga Vieillot, 1808, Hist. Nat. Ois. Amér. Sept., 1 (1807), p. iv. Type, by monotypy, Muscicapa rubra Linnaeus, 1776 = Fringilla rubra Linnaeus, 1758." (Storer in Peters 1970, XIII, 301).
Var. Pyranga , Pynanga.
Synon. Diplochilus, Merula, Phoenisoma.
erythrocephala / erythrocephalum / erythrocephalus
Gr. ερυθρος eruthros red; -κεφαλος -kephalos -headed < κεφαλη kephalē head.
● "96. LOXIA. ... eryocephala [sic]. 9. L. cinerascens, capite purpurascente, pectore albo maculato. Passer paradisæus, capite rubro, pectore nigro albo maculato. Edw. av. 180. t. 180. Habitat in Africa. Corpus supra cinereum, griseo maculatum; subtus totum fuscum maculis albis rotundis. Alæ fuscæ. Remiges margine griseæ. Cauda nigra, forficata. Caput purpureum." (Linnaeus 1758) (Amadina).
● ex “Barbu de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 206, fig. 1 (syn. Capito niger).
● "100. PARUS. ... erythrocephalus. 10. P. niger, capite femoribusque fulvis. Parus auricapillus. Klein. av. 86. Parus niger, capite fulvo. Edw. av. 21. p. 21. Habitat in America australi." (Linnaeus 1758) (Ceratopipra).
● ex “Petit Pic à Baguettes d’Or” of Levaillant 1808, pl. 253 (syn. Dendropicos fuscescens).
● ex “Red-headed Finch” of Latham 1783 (syn. Foudia rubra).
● "54. PICUS. ... erythrocephalus. 5. P. capite toto rubro, alis caudaque nigris, abdomine albo. Picus capite toto rubro. Catesb. car. I. p. 20. t. 20. Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanerpes).
● ex “Apiaster indicus erythrocephalus” of Brisson 1760, “Guêpier à tête rouge” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Red-headed Bee-eater” of Shaw 1778 and Latham 1782 (syn. Merops leschenaulti).
● ex “Red-headed Swallow” of Latham 1783 (unident.; ?syn. Petrochelidon fluvicola).
● ex “Psittaca ginginiana erythrocephalos” of Brisson 1760, “Perruche à tête rouge de Gingi” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 264, “Perruche à tête rouge” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Blossom-headed Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Psittacula roseata).
SUBSPECIES
Red-headed Tanager (candida)
Latin Name: Piranga erythrocephala candida
candida
L. candidus brilliant white, glittering white, shining white < candere to shine (cf. albus white, matt white).
● ex “Ganso blanco” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 426 (syn. Coscoroba coscoroba).
● ex “White Tern” of Latham 1785 (subsp. Gygis alba).
● ex “White Redshank” or “Poole-Snipe” of Edwards 1750 (?syn. Limosa haemastica, ?syn. Tringa erythropus).
● ex “Totanus canadensis” of Edwards 1750, and “Totanus candidus” of Brisson 1760 (?syn. Limosa haemastica).
Red-headed Tanager (erythrocephala)
Latin Name: Piranga erythrocephala erythrocephala
erythrocephala / erythrocephalum / erythrocephalus
Gr. ερυθρος eruthros red; -κεφαλος -kephalos -headed < κεφαλη kephalē head.
● "96. LOXIA. ... eryocephala [sic]. 9. L. cinerascens, capite purpurascente, pectore albo maculato. Passer paradisæus, capite rubro, pectore nigro albo maculato. Edw. av. 180. t. 180. Habitat in Africa. Corpus supra cinereum, griseo maculatum; subtus totum fuscum maculis albis rotundis. Alæ fuscæ. Remiges margine griseæ. Cauda nigra, forficata. Caput purpureum." (Linnaeus 1758) (Amadina).
● ex “Barbu de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 206, fig. 1 (syn. Capito niger).
● "100. PARUS. ... erythrocephalus. 10. P. niger, capite femoribusque fulvis. Parus auricapillus. Klein. av. 86. Parus niger, capite fulvo. Edw. av. 21. p. 21. Habitat in America australi." (Linnaeus 1758) (Ceratopipra).
● ex “Petit Pic à Baguettes d’Or” of Levaillant 1808, pl. 253 (syn. Dendropicos fuscescens).
● ex “Red-headed Finch” of Latham 1783 (syn. Foudia rubra).
● "54. PICUS. ... erythrocephalus. 5. P. capite toto rubro, alis caudaque nigris, abdomine albo. Picus capite toto rubro. Catesb. car. I. p. 20. t. 20. Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (Melanerpes).
● ex “Apiaster indicus erythrocephalus” of Brisson 1760, “Guêpier à tête rouge” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Red-headed Bee-eater” of Shaw 1778 and Latham 1782 (syn. Merops leschenaulti).
● ex “Red-headed Swallow” of Latham 1783 (unident.; ?syn. Petrochelidon fluvicola).
● ex “Psittaca ginginiana erythrocephalos” of Brisson 1760, “Perruche à tête rouge de Gingi” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 264, “Perruche à tête rouge” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Blossom-headed Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Psittacula roseata).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)