Turdus Eremita Bird

English Name:  Tristan Thrush
Latin Name:  Turdus eremita
Protonym:  Nesocichla eremita Proc.Zool.Soc.London Pt23 no.294 p.165
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Turdidae / Turdus
Taxonomy Code:  trithr1
Type Locality:  Tristan da Cunha Island.
Author:  Gould
Publish Year:  1855
IUCN Status:  Near Threatened

DEFINITIONS

TURDUS
(Turdidae; Ϯ Mistle Thrush T. viscivorus) L. turdus  thrush; "95. TURDUS.  Rostrum tereti-cultratum, maxilla superiore apice deflexo.  Nares nudæ, superne membranula semitectæ.  Lingua lacero-emarginata." (Linnaeus 1758); "Turdus Linnaeus, 1758, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, p. 168. Type, by subsequent designation (Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, p. 27), Turdus viscivorus Linnaeus." (Ripley in Peters 1964, X, 177). Linnaeus's Turdus comprised sixteen species (T. viscivorus, T. pilaris, T. iliacus, T. musicus, T. Canorus, T. rufus, T. polyglottos, T. Orpheus, T. plumbeus, T. crinitus, T. roseus, T. Merula, T. torquatus, T. solitarius, T. arundinaceus, T. virens).   
Var. Turus, Trudus, Turtus, Curdus.     
Synon. Afrocichla, Arceuthornis, Cichlherminia, Cichloides, Cichloselys, Copsichus, Copsicus, Cossyphopsis, Galeoscoptes, Haplocichla, Hodoiporus, Iliacus, Ixocossyphus, Lamprophonus, Melizocincla, Meridiocichla, Merula, Merulissima, Mimocichla, Mimokitta, Nesocichla, Peliocichla, Petrocincla, Planesticus, Platycichla, Semimerula, Thoracocincla, Turdela, Turdicus.

turdus
L. turdus  thrush.
● ex “Grivetin” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 118 < French Grive thrush (syn. Erythropygia leucophrys).
● "89. Loxia Turdus F.  ...  Habitat in insula australi Novae Zeeelandiae, simillima Turdo, statura, colore, pedibus.  Corpus magnitudine Turdi viscivori, supra fuscum." (Forster 1844) (syn. Turnagra capensis).

eremita
L. eremita  hermit, recluse, solitary  < Gr. ερημιτης erēmitēs  hermit  < ερημια erēmia  desert.
● "58. UPUPA.  ...  Eremita.  3. U. viridis, capite flavo, cervice jubata.  Corvus sylvaticus. Gesn. av. 351. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 57.  Eremita montanus helveticus. Alb. av. 5. p. 16. t. 16.  Habitat in Helvetia." (Linnaeus 1758)  (Geronticus).
● ex “Merula solitaria philippensis” of Brisson 1760, “Solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339, and “Hermit Thrush” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● Cabanis, 1853, Mus. Heineanum, I, p. 228, erroneously lists "Corvus Eremita Gm. Syst. Nat. p. 377. No. 19." as a synonym of Fregilus graculus (= Pyrrhocorax graculus). Gmelin's name refers to the "Wood Crow" or "Hermit Crow", the Northern Bald Ibis Geronticus eremita.

Eremita
(Trochilidae; syn. Phaethornis † Reddish Hermit P. ruber) L. eremita  hermit  < Gr. ερημιτης erēmitēs  hermit  < ερημια erēmia   desert; "*Eremita rufigaster (Tr. —  VIEILL. 1807.) RCHB. —  Brasil.    * ——  Davidianus (Tr. —  LESS. 1832.) RCHB. —  Guiana fr.    * ——  pygmaeus (Tr. —  SPIX.) —  Brasilia.    * ——  griseigularis GOULD 1851. —  Peru." (Reichenbach 1854); "Eremita Reichenbach, 1854, Journ. für Ornith., I, Extraheft, Aufzählung der Colibris, p. 14.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 139 (Appendix)), Trochilus rufigaster Vieillot, 1807 = Trochilus ruber Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2020).

SUBSPECIES

Tristan Thrush (eremita)
Latin Name: Turdus eremita eremita
eremita
L. eremita  hermit, recluse, solitary  < Gr. ερημιτης erēmitēs  hermit  < ερημια erēmia  desert.
● "58. UPUPA.  ...  Eremita.  3. U. viridis, capite flavo, cervice jubata.  Corvus sylvaticus. Gesn. av. 351. Aldr. orn. l. 19. c. 57.  Eremita montanus helveticus. Alb. av. 5. p. 16. t. 16.  Habitat in Helvetia." (Linnaeus 1758)  (Geronticus).
● ex “Merula solitaria philippensis” of Brisson 1760, “Solitaire des Philippines” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 339, and “Hermit Thrush” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Monticola solitarius philippensis).
● Cabanis, 1853, Mus. Heineanum, I, p. 228, erroneously lists "Corvus Eremita Gm. Syst. Nat. p. 377. No. 19." as a synonym of Fregilus graculus (= Pyrrhocorax graculus). Gmelin's name refers to the "Wood Crow" or "Hermit Crow", the Northern Bald Ibis Geronticus eremita.

Tristan Thrush (gordoni)
Latin Name: Turdus eremita gordoni
gordoni
● Surgeon-Gen. Sir Charles Alexander Gordon (1821-1899) British Army, surgeon in India, West Africa, China and France (subsp. Cecropis semirufa).
● Gordon Point, Melville I., Northern Territory, Australia (subsp. Philemon buceroides).
● J. G. M. Gordon (1875-1938) Scottish lepidopterist, sponsor (subsp. Turdus eremita).

Tristan Thrush (procax)
Latin Name: Turdus eremita procax
procax
L. procax, procacis  impudent, bold  < procare  to demand.