Sicalis Columbiana Bird

English Name:  Orange-fronted Yellow-Finch
Latin Name:  Sicalis columbiana
Protonym:  Sycalis columbiana Mus.Hein. 1(1850) p.147
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Thraupidae / Sicalis
Taxonomy Code:  ofyfin1
Type Locality:  'Porto Cabello'' ; error, Ciudad Bolivar, Rio Orinoco, Venezuela, designated by Hellmayr, 1938, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 11, p. 318.
Author:  Cabanis
Publish Year:  1851
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

SICALIS
(Thraupidae; Ϯ Saffron Finch S. flaveola brasiliensis) Gr. σικαλις sikalis, συκαλλις sukallis or συκαλις sukalis, συκαλιδος sukalidos  small, black-headed bird, mentioned by Epicharmus, Aristotle, and other authors, not further identified, but perhaps a sort of warbler  < συκη sukē  fig-tree; Boie probably believed the classical name referred to the yellow buntings Emberiza, hence his bestowal of the generic epithet upon this group of yellow birds; "Die Zweckmäßigkeit, mit diesen gelb gefärbten Arten folgende zu verbinden, aus America:   1. Fringilla magellanica Gm. (dieser Vogel hat in neuerer Zeit wieder 2 neue Namen, icterica Lichst. und campestris Spix, erhalten.)    2. Fr. brasiliensis Gm.  ardens Illiger.  mexicana Forster. (nach Kuhls Annotation bey Ansicht der Forsterschen Zeichnungen).   3. Fr. lepida Gm.     Aus Africa:   4. Fr. butyracea Gm.  welche ebenfalls auf Feldern von Sämerenen leben, scheint mir 'sehr problematisch. Wahrscheinlich sind diese Vögel Repräsentanten einer besonderen Gruppe, für welche der Name Sicalis passend seyn würde" (Boie 1828); "Sicalis Boie, 1828, Isis von Oken, 21, col. 324. Type, by subsequent designation (Cabanis, in Tschudi, 1846, Unters. Faun. Peru., Aves, p. 215), Emberiza brasiliensis Gmelin." (Paynter in Peters 1970, XIII, 122).  
Var. Siclais, Scialis, Sycalis.
Synon. Gnathospiza, Orospina, Pseudochloris, Pseudosicalis, Serinopsis.

columbiana / columbianum / columbianus
● Colombia. To this day the name of Colombia is misspelled in newspapers, scientific works (e.g. NAOC Vancouver 2012 Abstracts, p. 207) and books, and on television (e.g. BBC News Channel (Travel!) 14 May 2017), and generally wrongly pronounced there (e.g. Channel 4 Seven O’Clock News, 10 October 2011) and on radio (e.g. BBC Radio 2 Jeremy Vine Show 30 November 2016). “America ... north of the Isthmus of Darien, the southern continent being termed Columbia” (Wood 1835) (subsp. Chamaeza campanisona, subsp. Cinclodes excelsior, Crypturellus, Fulica, Ortalis, Phaethornis, subsp. Philydor rufum, subsp. Synallaxis gujanensis).
● Columbia River or Columbia River region (Oregon) (Cygnus (ex “Whistling Swan” of P. Allen 1814), syn. Gymnogyps californianus, Nucifraga, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus (ex “Grouse or Prairie Hen” of Lewis 1814), syn. Piranga ludoviciana).
● Greater Colombia (= Venezuela) (Odontophorus, Philydor).
● Columbia County, Florida, USA (‡ Palaeophoyx).
● British Columbia, Canada (subsp. Poecile hudsonicus).
● Erroneous TL. Porto Cabello, Colombia (= Ciudad Bolívar, Río Orinoco, Venezuela) (Sicalis).

SUBSPECIES

Orange-fronted Yellow-Finch (columbiana)
Latin Name: Sicalis columbiana columbiana
columbiana / columbianum / columbianus
● Colombia. To this day the name of Colombia is misspelled in newspapers, scientific works (e.g. NAOC Vancouver 2012 Abstracts, p. 207) and books, and on television (e.g. BBC News Channel (Travel!) 14 May 2017), and generally wrongly pronounced there (e.g. Channel 4 Seven O’Clock News, 10 October 2011) and on radio (e.g. BBC Radio 2 Jeremy Vine Show 30 November 2016). “America ... north of the Isthmus of Darien, the southern continent being termed Columbia” (Wood 1835) (subsp. Chamaeza campanisona, subsp. Cinclodes excelsior, Crypturellus, Fulica, Ortalis, Phaethornis, subsp. Philydor rufum, subsp. Synallaxis gujanensis).
● Columbia River or Columbia River region (Oregon) (Cygnus (ex “Whistling Swan” of P. Allen 1814), syn. Gymnogyps californianus, Nucifraga, subsp. Pedioecetes phasianellus (ex “Grouse or Prairie Hen” of Lewis 1814), syn. Piranga ludoviciana).
● Greater Colombia (= Venezuela) (Odontophorus, Philydor).
● Columbia County, Florida, USA (‡ Palaeophoyx).
● British Columbia, Canada (subsp. Poecile hudsonicus).
● Erroneous TL. Porto Cabello, Colombia (= Ciudad Bolívar, Río Orinoco, Venezuela) (Sicalis).

Orange-fronted Yellow-Finch (leopoldinae)
Latin Name: Sicalis columbiana leopoldinae
leopoldinae
São Leopoldina, Rio Araguaya, Goiás, Brazil.

Orange-fronted Yellow-Finch (goeldii)
Latin Name: Sicalis columbiana goeldii
goeldii
Dr Emil August Göldi (1859-1917) Swiss zoologist resident in Brazil 1884-1905, Director of Museu Paraense de Historia Natural, Belém (Akletos, subsp. Sicalis columbiana, syn. Trogon violaceus crissalis).