Charadrius Collaris Bird

English Name:  Collared Plover
Latin Name:  Charadrius collaris
Protonym:  Charadrius collaris Nouv.Dict.Hist.Nat. 27 p.136
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Charadriidae / Charadrius
Taxonomy Code:  colplo1
Type Locality:  Paraguay, ex Azara.
Author:  Vieillot
Publish Year:  1818
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

CHARADRIUS
(Charadriidae; Ϯ Ringed Plover C. hiaticula) Late L. charadrius yellowish bird mentioned in the Vulgate Bible (late 4^th century) < Gr. χαραδριος kharadrios  unknown plain-coloured nocturnal bird that dwelt in ravines and river valleys  < χαραδρα kharadra  ravine. According to some authors the sight of it was said to cure jaundice. Early identifications included the Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus; "79. CHARADRIUS.  Rostrum teretiusculum, obtusum.  Pedes tridactyli." (Linnaeus 1758); "Charadrius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 150. Type, by tautonymy, Charadrius hiaticula Linné. (Charadrios s. Hiaticula Aldrovandus, prebinomial specific name in synonymy.)" (Peters, 1934, II, p. 245). Linnaeus's Charadrius comprised eleven species (C. cristatus, C. Hiaticula, C. alexandrinus, C. vociferus, C. ægyptius, C. Morinellus, C. apricarius, C. Pluvialis, C. Oedicnemus, C. Himantopus, C. spinosus).   
Var. Charadrias, Charadias.   
Synon. Aegialeus, Aegialitis, Aegialophilus, Afraegialis, Afroxyechus, Cirrepidesmus, Eupoda, Eupodella, Helenaegialus, Hiaticula, Hyetoceryx, Leucopolius, Neocharadrius, Nesoceryx, Ochthodromus, Oxyechus, Pagoa, Pagolla, Paroxyechus, Pernettyva, Pipus, Pluviorhynchus, Podasocys, Zonibyx.

collaris
L. collaris  of the neck  < collum  neck (cf. L. collare, collaris  neck-chain, collar).
● ex “Héoro-taire à collier blanc” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (syn. Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris).
● ex "Grue à collier" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 865 (syn. Antigone antigone).
● ex “Barbu à collier de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 395, and “Tamatia à collier” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Bucco capensis).
● ex "Mbatuitui collar negro" of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 392 (Charadrius).
● ex “Coucou à Collier Blanc” of Levaillant 1806, pl. 213 (syn. Clamator glandarius).
● ex "Sucrier Gamtocin" or "Sucrier à Cordon Bleue" of Levaillant 1812, pl. 299 (Hedydipna).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à collier du Sénégal” (= ♀) of Brisson 1760 (syn. Platysteira cyanea).
● ex “Pico grueso gargantilla” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 125 (syn. Sporophila caerulescens).
● ex “Gros-Bec d’Angola” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (Sporophila).
● ex “Bacbakiri” of Levaillant 1800, pl. 67 (syn. Telophorus zeylonus).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur à collier blanc des Philippines” of Sonnerat 1776 (subsp. Todiramphus chloris).
● ex “Couroucou Rosalba” of Levaillant 1806 (Trogon).

Colaris
Gr. κολαρις kolaris (variant of καλαρις  kalaris) bird mentioned by Aristotle, not otherwise identified.
• (Coraciidae; syn. Eurystomus † Broad-billed Roller E. glaucurus) "*XXVII  Eurystomus VIEILLOT.  ...  *121. E. orientalis    ...    XXIX  Colaris CUVIER.   ...   124. C. madagascariensis (Coracias —GM.) RCHB.   ...   *125. C. afra CUVIER.   ...   *126. C. gularis (Euryst. — VIEILL.) WAGL.   ...   127. C. viridis WAGLER." (Reichenbach 1852); "Colaris "Cuvier" Reichenbach, 1852, Handbuch der Speciellen Ornithologie, Icones ad Synopsin Avium. cont. IX. Meropinae, p. 56 (not of Cuvier, 1816).  Type, by virtual monotypy, Coracias madagascariensis Gmelin, 1788 = Coracias glaucurus Statius Müller, 1776." (JAJ 2021).
• (Coraciidae; syn. Eurystomus † Oriental Dollarbird E. orientalis) "LES ROLLES. (COLARIS. Cuv.)  Diffèrent des rolliers par leur bec plus court, plus arqué, et surtout élargi à la base au point d'y être moins haut que large (3).   ...   (3) Coracias orientalis enl. 619. - Cor. Madagascariensis. enl. 501. - Cor. Afra Lath., Vaill., loc. cit. pl. 35.  Colaris est le nom grec d'un oiseau inconnu." (Cuvier 1816); "Colaris Cuvier, 1816, Règne Animal, I, p. 401.  Type, by subsequent designation (G. Gray, 1855, Cat. Genera Subgenera Birds Brit. Mus., p. 13), Coracias orientalis Linnaeus, 1766." (JAJ 2021).
Var. Collaris.