Coccothraustes Coccothraustes Bird

English Name:  Hawfinch
Latin Name:  Coccothraustes coccothraustes
Protonym:  Loxia coccothraustes Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.171
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Fringillidae / Coccothraustes
Taxonomy Code:  hawfin
Type Locality:  southern Europe ; restricted to Italy.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

COCCOTHRAUSTES
(Fringillidae; Ϯ Hawfinch C. coccothraustes) Late Med. L. coccothraustes  Hawfinch  < Gr. κοκκοθραυστης kokkothraustēs  unidentified bird listed by Hesychius < κοκκος kokkos  seed; θραυω thrauō  to break, to shatter; "GROS-BEC. Coccothraustes superne castanea, inferne vinacea (mas) cinereo-vinacea (fœmina); imo ventre albo; oculorum ambitu & gutture nigris; macula in alis candida (mas) cinereo-alba (fœmina); rectrice utrinque extima ultima medietate interius alba" (Brisson 1760): based on "Coccothraustes" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Schwenckfeld 1603, Jonston 1650-1653, Charleton 1668, Willughby 1676, Ray 1713, Linnaeus 1748 and Klein 1750; "Coccothraustes Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 36; ibid., 3, p. 218. Type, by tautonymy, "coccothraustes" = Loxia coccothraustes Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 290).
Var. Coccothrasutes, Coccotraustes, Coccauthraustes, Coccothraustis, Coccosthraustes.
Synon. Pycnorhinus.

coccothraustes
Gr. κοκκοθραυστης kokkothraustēs  unidentified bird listed by Hesychius < κοκκος kokkos  seed; θραυω thrauō  to break, to shatter; "96. LOXIA.  ...  Coccothraustes.  2. L. linea alarum simplici alba, rectricibus latere tenuiore baseos albis.  Coccothraustes. Gesn. av. 276. Aldr. ornith. l. 16. c. 20. Jonst. av. . . t. 37. Charlet. onom. 84. t. 85. Olin. av. 37. Raj. av. 85. Alb. orn. I. p. 54. t. 56. Edw. av. 188. t. 188. It. scan. 332. n. 1.* Frisch. av. I. t. 4. f. 2. 3.  Habitat in Europa australiori, Cerasa enucleans, disseminans." (Linnaeus 1758) (Coccothraustes).

COCCOTHRAUSTES
(Fringillidae; Ϯ Hawfinch C. coccothraustes) Late Med. L. coccothraustes  Hawfinch  < Gr. κοκκοθραυστης kokkothraustēs  unidentified bird listed by Hesychius < κοκκος kokkos  seed; θραυω thrauō  to break, to shatter; "GROS-BEC. Coccothraustes superne castanea, inferne vinacea (mas) cinereo-vinacea (fœmina); imo ventre albo; oculorum ambitu & gutture nigris; macula in alis candida (mas) cinereo-alba (fœmina); rectrice utrinque extima ultima medietate interius alba" (Brisson 1760): based on "Coccothraustes" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Schwenckfeld 1603, Jonston 1650-1653, Charleton 1668, Willughby 1676, Ray 1713, Linnaeus 1748 and Klein 1750; "Coccothraustes Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 36; ibid., 3, p. 218. Type, by tautonymy, "coccothraustes" = Loxia coccothraustes Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 290).
Var. Coccothrasutes, Coccotraustes, Coccauthraustes, Coccothraustis, Coccosthraustes.
Synon. Pycnorhinus.

coccothraustes
Gr. κοκκοθραυστης kokkothraustēs  unidentified bird listed by Hesychius < κοκκος kokkos  seed; θραυω thrauō  to break, to shatter; "96. LOXIA.  ...  Coccothraustes.  2. L. linea alarum simplici alba, rectricibus latere tenuiore baseos albis.  Coccothraustes. Gesn. av. 276. Aldr. ornith. l. 16. c. 20. Jonst. av. . . t. 37. Charlet. onom. 84. t. 85. Olin. av. 37. Raj. av. 85. Alb. orn. I. p. 54. t. 56. Edw. av. 188. t. 188. It. scan. 332. n. 1.* Frisch. av. I. t. 4. f. 2. 3.  Habitat in Europa australiori, Cerasa enucleans, disseminans." (Linnaeus 1758) (Coccothraustes).

SUBSPECIES

Hawfinch (coccothraustes)
Latin Name: Coccothraustes coccothraustes coccothraustes
COCCOTHRAUSTES
(Fringillidae; Ϯ Hawfinch C. coccothraustes) Late Med. L. coccothraustes  Hawfinch  < Gr. κοκκοθραυστης kokkothraustēs  unidentified bird listed by Hesychius < κοκκος kokkos  seed; θραυω thrauō  to break, to shatter; "GROS-BEC. Coccothraustes superne castanea, inferne vinacea (mas) cinereo-vinacea (fœmina); imo ventre albo; oculorum ambitu & gutture nigris; macula in alis candida (mas) cinereo-alba (fœmina); rectrice utrinque extima ultima medietate interius alba" (Brisson 1760): based on "Coccothraustes" of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599-1603, Schwenckfeld 1603, Jonston 1650-1653, Charleton 1668, Willughby 1676, Ray 1713, Linnaeus 1748 and Klein 1750; "Coccothraustes Brisson, 1760, Ornithologie, 1, p. 36; ibid., 3, p. 218. Type, by tautonymy, "coccothraustes" = Loxia coccothraustes Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 290).
Var. Coccothrasutes, Coccotraustes, Coccauthraustes, Coccothraustis, Coccosthraustes.
Synon. Pycnorhinus.

Hawfinch (buvryi)
Latin Name: Coccothraustes coccothraustes buvryi
buvryi
Dr Louis Leopold Buvry (b. 1822) Prussian zoologist, botanist, explorer in North Africa (subsp. Coccothraustes coccothraustes).

Hawfinch (nigricans)
Latin Name: Coccothraustes coccothraustes nigricans
nigricans
L. nigricans, nigricantis  blackish, swarthy  < nigrare  to be black  < niger  black.
● ex “Suirirí chorrendo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 182 (syn. Hymenops perspicillata).
● ex “Ypacahá obscuro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 371 (Pardirallus).
● ex “Brunoir” of Levaillant 1802, pl. 106, fig. 1 (Pycnonotus).
● ex “Tachurí obscurito menor” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 167 (Ridgwayornis).

Hawfinch (humii)
Latin Name: Coccothraustes coccothraustes humii
humii
Allan Octavian Hume (1829-1912) English civil servant in India 1850-1894, ornithologist, collector, founder of journal ‘Stray Feathers’ (subsp. Carpodacus puniceus, Chrysophlegma, subsp. Coccothraustes coccothraustes, subsp. Hypsipetes ganeesa, syn. Periparus ater aemodius, syn. Psilopogon mystacophanos, Pycnonotus leucogenys x P. leucotis hybrid, subsp. Sturnus vulgaris (ex Sturnus nitens Hume, 1871), subsp. Suthora nipalensis, subsp. Todiramphus chloris).

Hawfinch (japonicus)
Latin Name: Coccothraustes coccothraustes japonicus
japanensis / japanicus / japensis / japonensis / japonica / japonicum / japonicus
Japan (Mod. English names (early examples including Giapan) were derived from a Portuguese corruption of Malay Jepang and Chinese Zeppen, themselves local renderings of Nippon). The French equivalent is Japon.
● ex “Japonese Eagle” of Latham 1781 (subsp. Falco peregrinus).
● ex “Grue du Japon” of Brisson 1760 (Grus).
● Erroneous TL Japan (= New Guinea); ex “Psittacus erythrochlorus macrourus” of Aldrovandus 12599, and “Psittaca japonica” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Charmosyna papou).