Zosterops Citrinella Bird
Zosterops Citrinella Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Z[osterops] citrinella Consp.Gen.Av. 1 p.398 sP ydP
Taxonomy: Passeriformes / Zosteropidae / Zosterops
Taxonomy Code: asbwhe1
Type Locality: Timor.
Author: Bonaparte
Publish Year: 1850
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
ZOSTEROPS
(Zosteropidae; Ϯ Madagascar White-eye Z. maderaspatanus) Gr. ζωστηρ zōstēr, ζωστηρος zōstēros belt, girdle; ωψ ōps, ωπος ōpos eye; "Genus. ZOSTEROPS*. Rostrum mediocre, gracile, arcuatum; mandibula superiore vix emarginata; naribus basalibus, linearibus, longitudinalibus, membrana supra tectis, rictu inermi. Alæ mediocres; remigibus prima et quinta fere æqualibus, secunda tertia et quarta paulo longioribus, fere æqualibus, primariis secundarias paululum longitudine superantibus. Pedes subfortes, subelongati; acrotarsiis scutellatis. Cauda æqualis. Caput gracile, concinnum; plumulis periopthalmicis subsericeis albis cingulum subprominentem efformantibus. ... The true Sylvia, if we select the slenderly-formed Warblers of Europe, such as the Motacillæ hippolais, trochilus, &c. Linn., as the types of the genus, are set apart from almost all the other species by the formation of their wing, in which the first quill-feather is extremely short, in some instances, indeed, almost spurious. Of the foreign groups of the family we have already observed that the New Holland genera Malurus and Acanthiza come nearest the European type by the same construction of the wing. The present group essentially differs from it. The first quill-feather is long, almost equal to the second, which together with the third and fourth,—all of them nearly of a length,—are the longest. The nares also are linear and longitudinal, thus differing from the oval form of the European type. In other respects the characters of these two groups have a general accordance. Besides the disposition of the wing-feathers, we may also mention the scutellation of the tarsi, the even tail, and the unarmed rictus, as additional marks of distinction from the before-mentioned New Holland Sylviadæ. From the genus Hylophilus of M. Temminck, which has lately been separated with much judgement from the Sylvia of Dr. Latham, and which also has the first quill-feather elongated and nearly even with the rest, our present group may readily be distinguished by a much more gracile and arcuated bill, in which the nares also are of a different construction. The Motacilla Maderaspatana of Linnæus, (Sylvia Madagascariensis, Lath.), belongs to our group, which seems to have a very wide dispersion. 1. DORSALIS ... Sylvia annulosa, var. β. Swains. Zool. Illust. pl. 16. ... Orbitæ plumulis albis vestitæ. ... *Zωστηρ cingulum, and ωψ oculus." (Vigors & Horsfield 1826); "Zosterops Vigors and Horsfield, 1826, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, p. 234. Type, by subsequent designation (Lesson, 1828 Man. Orn., 1, p. 286), Motacilla maderaspatana Linnaeus." (Mayr in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 290). The majority of white-eyes have a ring of white feathers around each eye.
Var. Fosterops, Fosterzops, Zostenops.
Synon. Cyclopterops, Luteozosterops, Malacirops, Nesozosterops, Oreosterops, Parinia, Sanfordia, Speirops, Tephras, Woodfordia, Zosteropisylvia.
zosterops
Gr. ζωστηρ zōstēr, ζωςτηρος zōstēros belt, girdle; ωψ ōps, ωπος ōpos eye.
citrinella
Italian name Citrinella for a small yellow bird < dim. Med. L. citrinus citrine, yellow < L. citrus citrus, citron (cf. Mod. L. citrinellus lemon-coloured, citrine).
● ex “Emberiza flava” of Gessner 1555, and Willughby 1676, “Luteae alterum genus” of Aldrovandus 1599, “Yellow-hammer” of Ray 1713, “Miliaria lutea” of Frisch 1733, and “Emberiza rectricibus nigricantibus: extimis duabus latere interiore macula alba acuta” of Linnaeus 1746 (Emberiza).
Citrinella
• (Fringillidae; syn. Carduelis † Citril Finch C. citrinella) Specific name Fringilla citrinella Linnaeus, 1766, i.e. Pallas, 1764; "Sono proprj delle parti meridionali d'Europa due Uccellini di color verde giallastro, di statura presso a poco uguale, e d'aspetto non molto dissimile, i cui nomi scientifici spesse volte sono stati scambiati dagli Ornitologi. Ad uno deu due gl'Italiani danno l'appellazione volgare di Verzellino, l'altro è il Venturon dei Provenzali. Pare certo che gli autori antichi intendessero accennare il primo sotto il nome di Serinus, il secondo sotto quello di Citrinella: tutti però li descrissero e gli effigiarone con tanta negligenza che allorquando sono insorti dubbj sulla materia, poco ha giovato a dilequarli l'esame delle lor opere. Il nostro Aldrovandi il quale ebbe a trattare del Verzellino, che è il solo dei due comune nelle regioni in cui egli scriveva, lo chiamò Citrinella, ed aggiunse che non conosceva il Serinus. È cosa indubitata però ch'egli avrebbe dovuto impiegare i vocaboli e rovescio di quello che fece. Sulle tracce di lui l'Olina asserì che il nome latino del Verzellino nostrale era Citrinella. Quindi avvenne, che allorquando Linneo registrò il primo di questi Uccelli sotto il nome sistematico di Fringilla serinus, e l'altro sotto il nome di Fringilla citrinella, a questo e non a quello riferì i sinonimi testè mentovati d'Aldrovandi e d'Olina. Parecchi Ornitologi posteriori convinti, come era ragionevole, che il Verzellino degl'Italiani, quello dell'Olina e la Citrinella dell'Aldrovandi fossero una cosa sola, e attendendo alle due citazioni erronee inserite nel Systema Naturae, piuttosto che alle diagnosi Linneane e ai sinonimi rimanenti, pretesero che il Verzellino fosse la Fringilla Citrinella, e asserirono il falso" (Bonaparte, 1833, Iconogr. Fauna Italica, I, text to pl. 37.); "Genus 155. CITRINELLA, Nob. 219. CITRINELLA SERINUS, Nob. (Fringilla citrinella, L.) Gould, pl. 198. Central and southern Europe." (Bonaparte 1838); "Le Ciri (Citrinella alpina) toujours confondu avec le VENTURON (Serinus meridionalis) véritable SERIN, est pour moi le type du genre Citrinella appelé depuis Dryospiza" (Bonaparte, 1850, in Bonaparte and Schlegel, Monogr. Loxiens, p. XI); "Citrinella Bonaparte, 1838, Geogr. Com. List Birds Europe and North America, p. 34. Type, by monotypy, Fringilla citrinella Linnaeus, 1766 = Fringilla citrinella Pallas, 1764." (JAJ 2021).
• (Emberizidae; syn. Emberiza † Yellowhammer E. citrinella) Specific name Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758; "5. Emberiza citrinella, hortulana. ... Citrinella Ammer. Citrinella. E[ntwickelung]. Der Körper wird etwas stärker; am Gaumen bildet sich ein harter Höcker; der Unterschnabel wird stärker; das gefleckte Gefieder der Drossel tritt wieder auf. Ch[arakter]. Ammern mit olivengrüner Hauptfarbe, geflecktem Rücken und gelblichem Bauch. L[ebensart]. Sie lieben Wälder, nähren sich von Sämereien und Insekten, nisten auf die Erde und legen mit Schnörkeln gezeichnete Eier." (Kaup 1829); "Citrinella Kaup, 1829, Skizz. Entwick.-Gesch. Natürliches System Europ. Thierwelt, p. 142. Type, by tautonymy, Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758." (JAJ 2021).
SUBSPECIES
Ashy-bellied White-eye (unicus)
Latin Name: Zosterops citrinella unicus
unicus
L. unicus alone, singular, unique < unus one.
Ashy-bellied White-eye (citrinella)
Latin Name: Zosterops citrinella citrinella
citrinella
Italian name Citrinella for a small yellow bird < dim. Med. L. citrinus citrine, yellow < L. citrus citrus, citron (cf. Mod. L. citrinellus lemon-coloured, citrine).
● ex “Emberiza flava” of Gessner 1555, and Willughby 1676, “Luteae alterum genus” of Aldrovandus 1599, “Yellow-hammer” of Ray 1713, “Miliaria lutea” of Frisch 1733, and “Emberiza rectricibus nigricantibus: extimis duabus latere interiore macula alba acuta” of Linnaeus 1746 (Emberiza).
Ashy-bellied White-eye (harterti)
Latin Name: Zosterops citrinella harterti
harterti / hartertiana / hartertianus
Ernst Johann Otto Hartert (1859-1933) German ornithologist, collector, Curator of Rothschild Mus., Tring (syn. Acestrura berlepschi, subsp. Acrocephalus australis, subsp. Alauda arvensis, syn. Aplonis opaca kurodai, subsp. Arses telescopthalmus, syn. Artamus leucoryn leucopygialis, Asthenes, Batrachostomus, syn. Brachypteryx leucophrys carolinae, subsp. Burhinus oedicnemus, subsp. Buteo buteo, Camaroptera, subsp. Campylorhynchus albobrunneus, syn. Certhia brachydactyla, subsp. Chalcites lucidus, syn. Chlorocichla simplex, subsp. Cincloramphus macrurus, subsp. Circus aeruginosus, syn. Cisticola juncidis, syn. Columba delegorguei sharpei, subsp. Crypturellus soui, syn. Cyanistes caeruleus ogliastrae, syn. Cyornis unicolor cyanopolia, subsp. Dendrocopos major, subsp. Dicrurus macrocercus, syn. Dryobates minor colchicus, syn. Dyaphorophyia concreta graueri, subsp. Emberiza schoeniclus, syn. Entomyzon cyanotis, syn. Eophona migratoria sowerbyi, subsp. Eudynamys scolopaceus, subsp. Eumyias panayensis, syn. Eurostopodus argus, Eurylaimus, syn. Falco peregrinus calidus, Ficedula, subsp. Fringilla coelebs, syn. Galerida theklae ruficolor, syn. Geospiza fuliginosa, subsp. Heleia superciliaris, subsp. Hemiprocne longipennis, syn. Hieraaetus pennatus, syn. Hypsipetes amaurotis stejnegeri, syn. Icterus icterus, subsp. Illadopsis turdina, syn. Jynx torquilla sarudnyi, syn. Lagonosticta nitidula, subsp. Linaria cannabina, syn. Lullula arborea pallida, subsp. Machaerirhynchus nigripectus, subsp. Malacocincla sepiaria, subsp. Melanorectes nigrescens, syn. Metallura tyrianthina oreopola, subsp. Micropsitta pusio, subsp. Mirafra africana, syn. Monarcha cinerascens, subsp. Mulleripicus pulverulentus, syn. Myiozetetes cayanensis hellmayri, subsp. Myrmecocichla arnotti, subsp. Myzomela obscura, syn. Ochrospiza dorsostriata maculicollis, syn. Onychognathus fulgidus hartlaubii, syn. Phylloscopus orientalis, syn. Phylloscopus reguloides assamensis, Phlogophilus, syn. Picoides kizuki matsudairai, subsp. Picumnus olivaceus, subsp. Pittasoma rufopileatum, subsp. Pnoepyga pusilla, syn. Poephila personata, subsp. Prionops caniceps, subsp. Psittacella brehmii, syn. Pternistis afer cranchii, syn. Pycnonotus barbatus tricolor, syn. Rhipidura albiscapa alisteri, syn. Rhipidura rufifrons granti, subsp. Rhodinocichla rosea, syn. Rhyticeros plicatus, syn. Scotocerca inquieta, subsp. Sericornis frontalis, syn. Sitta europaea roseilia, syn. Strix aluco nivicola, syn. Sturnus vulgaris porphyronotus, Tarphonomus, subsp. Terpsiphone viridis, Thapsinillas, syn. Treron curvirostra, syn. Vanellus miles, syn. Yuhina flavicollis rouxi, subsp. Zosterops citrinella, syn. Zosterops japonicus simplex).
Ashy-bellied White-eye (albiventris)
Latin Name: Zosterops citrinella albiventris
albiventer / albiventre / albiventris
L. albus white; venter, ventris belly.
● ex “Drongri à Ventre Blanc” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 171 (syn. Dicrurus leucophaeus).
● ex “Martin-pêcheur de l’Île de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (Halcyon).
● ex “Hirondelle à ventre blanc de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 546, fig. 2 (Tachycineta).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)