Xenus Cinereus Bird

English Name:  Terek Sandpiper
Latin Name:  Xenus cinereus
Protonym:  Scolopax cinerea NoviCommen.Acad.Sci.Imp.Petrop. 19(1774) p.473 pl.19
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Scolopacidae / Xenus
Taxonomy Code:  tersan
Type Locality:  Shores of the Caspian Sea about the mouth of the Terek River.
Author:  Güldenstädt
Publish Year:  1775
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

XENUS
(Scolopacidae; Ϯ Terek Sandpiper X. cinereus) Gr. ξενος xenos  stranger; "Schlammschnepfe. Xenus **). (Scolopax cinerea).  E[ntwickelung]. Die Körperformen werden kleiner; der Schnabel wird dünn und verliert seine Zähne; der Hals wird kürzer; die Füße werden verhältnißmäßig länger und verlieren ihre Schwimmhäute fast ganz; der Schwanz wird mehr abgerundet.  Ch[arakter]. Schnepfen mit einer Spannhant zwischer der äußeren und mittleren Zehe.  L[ebensart]. Sie lieben sumpfige Meeresufer.  ...**) ξενος, Fremdling." (Kaup 1829); "Xenus Kaup, Skizz. Entw.-Gesch. Eur. Thierw., 1829, p. 115. Type, by monotypy, Scolopax cinerea Güldenstaedt.  ...  Replaces Terekia Bonaparte of Sharpe's Hand-list, which name, however, is still retained by those who consider Xenus of Kaup preoccupied by Xenos of Rossi." (Peters 1934, II, 268). The migratory Terek Sandpiper breeds in northern Siberia and winters mainly south of the equator in Africa, Asia and Australia, being described from a bird on passage collected at the mouth of the Terek River, Daghestan, southern Russia.
Synon. Rhynchosimus, Simorhynchus, Terekia.

cinereum / cinereus
L. cinereus  ash-grey, ash-coloured  < cinis, cineris  ashes.
● ex “Cinereous or Ash-coloured Vulture” of Willughby 1676, and Latham 1781, “Vultur cinereus” of Ray 1713, “Vultur fusco-nigricans” of Brisson 1760, and “Vautour” or “Grand Vautour” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 425, and de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Aegypius monachus).
● ex “Maracana” of Willughby 1676, “Maracana Brasiliensibus” of Ray 1713, “Psittacus brasiliensis cinereus” of Brisson 1760, and “Cinereous Parrot” of Latham 1781 (?syn. Anodorhynchus glaucus).
● ex “Gobe-mouche roux de Cayenne” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Attila rufus).
● ex “Falco freti Hudsonis” of Brisson 1760, “Faucon de la Baie d’Hudson” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Ash-coloured Buzzard” of Latham 1781 (syn. Buteo buteo).
● ex “Cinereous Wattle-bird” of Latham 1781 (Callaeas).
● ex “Ash-bellied Humming-bird” of Latham 1782 (syn. Campylopterus largipennis).
● ex “Gavilan del campo ceniciento” of de Azara 1802-1805, nos.32, 33 (Circus).
● ex “Grive de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 515 (?Cotinga sp.).
● ex “Tinamou cendré” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cinereous Tinamou” of Latham 1785 (Crypturellus).
● ex “Cotinga Cendré” of Levaillant 1801 (syn. Lipaugus vociferans).
● ex “Wax-billed Barbet” of Latham, 1782 (syn. Monasa niger).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Manakin cendré de Cayenne” (= ♂) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 687, fig. 1, and “Oiseau cendré de la Guyane” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (syn. Pachyramphus rufus).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Cinereous Manakin” of Latham 1783 (syn. Pachyramphus rufus).
● ex “Mésange Grise au Joue Blanche” of Levaillant 1804, pl. 139, fig. 2 (Parus).
● ex “Oiseaux grises” or “Oies de plein” of Pernety 1769, “Race horse Duck” of Pernety 1771, and “Loggerhead Goose” of Latham 1785 (syn. Tachyeres brachypterus).
● ex “Grey and Yellow Flycatcher” of Edwards 1751 (Todirostrum).
● "57. MEROPS.  ...  cinereus.  3. M. rubro flavoque variegatus, subtus flavo-rubescens, rectricibus duabus longissimis rubris.  Avicula de gvauheilui [= Quauhcilui]. Seb. mus. I. p. 50. t. 30. f. 10.  Habitat in America." (Linnaeus 1758) (unident.; nom. dub.)
● (Forster 1781) ex “Merula Indica cinerea” of Brisson 1760 (unident.).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Merula Indica cinerea” of Brisson 1760, “Merle cendré des Indes” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Ash-coloured Thrush” of Latham 1783 (unident.).