Piprites Chloris Bird

English Name:  Wing-barred Piprites
Latin Name:  Piprites chloris
Protonym:  Pipra chloris Pl.Col. livr.29 pl.172 fig.2
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Tyrannidae / Piprites
Taxonomy Code:  wibpip1
Type Locality:  Brazil; type is from Ipanema, Sao Paulo, fide Hellmayr, 1929, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Zool. Ser., 13, pt. 6, p. 4.
Author:  Temminck
Publish Year:  1822
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

PIPRITES
(Tyrannidae; † Black-capped Piprites P. pileata) Genus Pipra Linnaeus, 1764, manakin; Gr. -ιτης -itēs  resembling; "Die Pipra pileata und P. chloris Natt. Temm. weichen mehrfach, besonders durch Schnabelbildung, Form der Flügel und des Schwanzes, weniger verwachsene Zehen und Farbung des Gefieders von den typischen Formen der Gattung Pipra ab und nähern sich in dieser Beziehung den kleineren Arten der Ampelinen (Amphibolura, Ampelion, Ptilochloris), so dass eine generische Sonderung von Pipra gerechtfertigt scheint: Gen. Piprites n. gen.   1. P. pileata.  Pipra pileata Natt. Temm. pl. col. 172. F. 1." (Cabanis 1847); "Piprites Cabanis, 1847, Archiv f. Naturg., 13 (1), p. 234.  Type, by monotypy, Pipra pileata Temminck." (Snow in Peters, 1979, VIII, p. 249).  The relationships of the piprites are uncertain.  Fjeldså, Christidis & Ericson (eds.), 2020, treat the genus as monofamilial, Pipritidae, observing, "They were previously thought to be manakins, but they are monogamous and, although handsome, the males are not so extravagantly coloured as manakins.   ...  The molecular data now demonstrate that Piprites has no near relatives among the New World flycatchers".
Var. Pipirtes.
Synon. Hemipipo.

CHLORIS
(Fringillidae; Ϯ European Greenfinch C. chloris) Specific name Loxia chloris Linnaeus, 1758; "Verdiers ...... Chloris" (Cuvier 1800); "Chloris Cuvier, 1800, Lecons Anat. Comp., 1, tab. 2. Type, by tautonymy, Loxia chloris Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 234). 
Synon. Chlorospiza, Hypacanthis, Ligurinus.
● (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga Ϯ Northern Parula S. americana) Gr. myth. Chloris the nymph, also known as Flora, wife to Zephyrus and goddess of flowers and springtime (Bob Dowsett in litt.); "Chloris: Sylv. americana Lath.  u.s.w." (Boie 1826); "Chloris (not of Cuvier, 1800) Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 972—type, by virtual monotypy, Sylvia americana Latham = Parus americanus Linnaeus." (Hellmayr, 1935, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VIII, p. 347).

chloris
● Gr. χλωρις khlōris, χλωριδος khlōridos  greenfinch  < χλωρος khlōros  green. In Gr. myth. Chlōris was one of the daughters of Pierus, who, having failed to best the Muses in a singing contest, was transformed into a finch (or a magpie, according to some!) (Acanthisitta, Chloris (see below), syn. Chlorodrepanis flava, Piprites).
● Mod. L. chloris  green, greenish  < Gr. χλωρις khlōris, χλωριδος khlōridos  greenfinch < χλωρος khlōros  green (cf. Gr. myth. Meliboea, a daughter of Niobe and Amphion, who was so traumatised by the slaughter of her siblings by a vengeful Apollo that she turned pale and changed her name to Chloris, the pale one) (Anthus, syn. Camaroptera brachyura (ex “Olivert” of Levaillant 1801-1804, pl. 125), subsp. Melanocharis longicauda, Nicator, syn. Picus canus, subsp. Sicalis olivascens, subsp. Thapsinillas affinis, Todiramphus (ex “Martin-pêcheur à tête verte du cap de Bonne Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 783, fig. 2, and “Green-headed Kingsfisher” of Latham 1782), Zosterops, unident. (ex “Chloris Indicus” of Aldrovandus 1599-1603, and “Oriolus Indicus” of Brisson 1760)).
● "96. LOXIA.  ...  Chloris.  20. L. flavicanti-virens, remigibus primoribus antice luteis, rectricibus lateralibus quatuor basi luteis.  Fringilla eadem. Fn. svec. 202.  Chloris. Gesn. av. 259. Will. orn. 129. Raj. av. 85. n. 4. Alb. av. I. p. 56. t. 58. Frisch. av. l. 8. f. 3. 4. Aldr. orn. l. 18. c. 18.  Habitat in Europa.  Media quasi inter Loxias & Emberizas, sed rostrum crassius quam in Emberizis." (Linnaeus 1758) (Chloris).

SUBSPECIES

Wing-barred Piprites (antioquiae)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris antioquiae
antioquensis / antioquiae / antioquiana
Antioquia, northern Colombia.

Wing-barred Piprites (boliviana)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris boliviana
boliviae / boliviana / bolivianum / bolivianus / boliviensis
Bolivia (named after Simón Bolívar (1783-1830) "The Liberator", Venezuelan revolutionary, who helped to expel the Spaniards from their South American empire).

Wing-barred Piprites (chlorion)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris chlorion
chlorion
L. chlorion, chlorionis  migrant yellow bird, perhaps the Golden Oriole  < Gr. χλωριων khlōriōn, χλωριωνος khlōriōnos  unknown yellow bird, probably the Golden Oriole, perhaps the Green Woodpecker.
● Dim. < specific name Pipra chloris Temminck, 1822; "H. chlorion.  Der vorhergehenden Art [Hemipipo chloris = Piprites chloris] äusserst ähnlich, unterscheidet sich durch den stärkeren breiteren Schnabel und merklich kürzeren Schwanz" (Cabanis 1847) (subsp. Piprites chloris).

Wing-barred Piprites (chloris)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris chloris
CHLORIS
(Fringillidae; Ϯ European Greenfinch C. chloris) Specific name Loxia chloris Linnaeus, 1758; "Verdiers ...... Chloris" (Cuvier 1800); "Chloris Cuvier, 1800, Lecons Anat. Comp., 1, tab. 2. Type, by tautonymy, Loxia chloris Linnaeus." (Paynter in Peters, 1968, XIV, p. 234). 
Synon. Chlorospiza, Hypacanthis, Ligurinus.
● (Parulidae; syn. Setophaga Ϯ Northern Parula S. americana) Gr. myth. Chloris the nymph, also known as Flora, wife to Zephyrus and goddess of flowers and springtime (Bob Dowsett in litt.); "Chloris: Sylv. americana Lath.  u.s.w." (Boie 1826); "Chloris (not of Cuvier, 1800) Boie, Isis, 1826, p. 972—type, by virtual monotypy, Sylvia americana Latham = Parus americanus Linnaeus." (Hellmayr, 1935, Cat. Birds Americas, Pt. VIII, p. 347).

Wing-barred Piprites (grisescens)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris grisescens
grisescens
Mod. L. griscescens, griscescentis  greyish, somewhat grey  < Med. L. griseum  grey.

Wing-barred Piprites (perijana)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris perijana
perijana / perijanus
Sierra de Perijá, Venezuela.

Wing-barred Piprites (tschudii)
Latin Name: Piprites chloris tschudii
tschudi / tschudii
Johann Jakob Baron von Tschudi (1818-1889) Swiss explorer, collector in Peru 1838-1842 (Ampelioides, subsp. Chamaepetes goudotii, syn. Empidonomus varius rufinus, syn. Eubucco bourcierii glaucogularis, subsp. Pardirallus sanguinolentus, subsp. Piprites chloris, syn. Piranga flava lutea, syn. Thalurania furcata jelskii, syn. Thalurania furcata nigrofasciata, subsp. Thamnophilus nigrocinereus).