Vanellus Chilensis Bird

English Name:  Southern Lapwing
Latin Name:  Vanellus chilensis
Protonym:  Parra Chilensis SaggioStoriaNat.Chile p.258
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Charadriidae / Vanellus
Taxonomy Code:  soulap1
Type Locality:  Chile.
Author:  Molina
Publish Year:  1782
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

VANELLUS
(Charadriidae; Ϯ Northern Lapwing V. vanellus) Med. L. vanellus  lapwing  < dim. L. vannus  winnowing fan (in allusion to the broad wings and floppy flight); "Vanellus. Genus 71.  ...  **1. LE VANNEAU.  ... VANELLUS." (Brisson 1760): based on "Vanellus", "Capella", and "Caprea" of Gessner 1555, and many other authors, and Tringa Vanellus Linnaeus, 1758; "Vanellus Brisson, Orn., 1760, 1, p. 48; 5, p. 94. Type, by tautonymy, Vanellus Brisson = Tringa vanellus Linné." (Peters 1934, II, 235).  The Northern Lapwing appears the most aberrant member of the genus; it has been suggested that Hoplopterus be resurrected for all the other species presently included in Vanellus.   
Var. Canellus, Cranellus.   
Synon. Acanthopteryx, Acanthropterus, Afribyx, Afrovanellus, Anitibyx, Anomalophrys, Belonopterus, Chettusia, Defilippia, Dilobus, Dorypaltus, Euhyas, Eurypterus, Gavia, Hemiparra, Hoplopterus, Limnetes, Lobibyx, Lobipluvia, Lobivanellus, Microsarcops, Nonnusia, Ptiloscelys, Rogibyx, Sarciophorus, Sarcogrammus, Stephanibyx, Titihoia, Tringa, Tylibyx, Vanellochettusia, Viator, Xiphidiopterus, Zapterus, Zonifer.

vanellus
Med. L. vanellus lapwing < dim. L. vannus winnowing fan; "78. TRINGA.  ...  Vanellus.  2. T. pedibus rubris, crista dependente, pectore nigro. Fn. svec. 148.  Capella s. Vanellus. Bell. av. 49. a. Gesn. av. 764. Aldr. orn. l. 20. c. 63. Will. orn. 228. t. 57. Jonst. av. 164. t. 53. 27. Raj. av. 110. Alb. av. I. p. 70. t. 74.  Habitat in Europa, Africa.  Migrat forte in Ægyptum. Ova Belgis in deliciis.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Vanellus).

chilensis
Chile (formerly spelled Chili). Etymology disputed; probably from Mapuche chilli  ends of the earth.
● Erroneous TL. Chile (= Manila, Philippines) (syn. Lalage nigra).
● Erroneous implied TL. Chile (= Bolivia) (Tangara).
● “Hellmayr is the most recent author who proposes to reject Molina’s name on the grounds that it is a composite between the present form and Jacana j. jacana. It must be remembered that a large percentage of the names of the 18^th century authors are composites, and if any degree of stability in nomenclature is to be attained the name must be fixed on one of the species to which the account applies, provided of course that the name is identifiable at all” (Peters 1934) (Vanellus).
 

SUBSPECIES

Southern Lapwing (cayennensis)
Latin Name: Vanellus chilensis cayennensis
cayenna / cayennensis
Cayenne or French Guiana.
● ex “Anhinga noir de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 960 (syn. Anhinga anhinga).
● ex “Poule d’eau de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 352, and “Cayenne Gallinule” of Latham 1785 (syn. Aramides cajanea).
● ex “Bucco cayennensis” of Brisson 1760, “Barbu de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 206, fig. 1, “Tamatia à tête et gorge rouges” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Cayenne Barbet” of Latham 1782 (syn. Capito niger).
● ex “Chat-huant de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 442, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Owl” of Latham 1781 (?syn. Ciccaba huhula),.
● ex “Picus striatus cayennensis” of Brisson 1760, “Pic rayé de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 613, “Petit pic rayé de Cayenne” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Woodpecker” of Latham 1783 (syn. Colaptes punctigula).
● ex “Grive de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 515, “Litorne de Cayenne” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Thrush” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Cotinga sp.).
● ex “Picucule de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 621 (syn. Dendrocolaptes certhia).
● ex “Tangara noir de Cayenne” of Brisson 1760, “Tangara de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 114, fig. 3, and “Tangara nègre” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Euphonia).
● ex “Crapaud-volant de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 760, “Engoulevent varié de Cayenne” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “White-necked Goatsucker” of Latham 1783 (Hydropsalis).
● ex “Petit autour de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 473 (syn. Leptodon cayanensis).
● ex “Cayenne Falcon” of Latham 1781 (syn. Leptodon cayanensis).
● ex “Courlis vert de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 820, “Courlis des bois” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Ibis” of Latham 1785 (Mesembrinibis).
● ex “Bihoreau de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 899, and de Buffon, 1780, and “Cayenne Night-Heron” of Latham 1785 (subsp. Nyctanassa violacea).
● ex “Cayenne Osprey” of Latham 1781 (syn. Pandion haliaetus carolinensis).
● ex “Martinet à collier blanc” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Panyptila).
● ex “Pigeon Ramier de Cayenne” of Holandre 1790 (Patagioenas).
● Erroneous TL. Cayenne (= ?Patagonia); ex “Grèbe de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 404, fig. 1, “Grand Grèbe” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Cayenne Grebe” of Latham 1785 (syn. Podiceps major).
● ex “Râle de Cayenne” and “Râle à ventre roux de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pll. 368, 753, “Kiolo” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Rail” of Latham 1785 (syn. Rufirallus viridis).
● ex “Hirondelle de Mer de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 988, “Grande Hirondelle de Mer de Cayenne” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Tern” of Latham 1785 (syn. Thalasseus maximus).
● ex "Vanneau armé de Cayenne" of d'Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 836, and "Vanneau" of Fermin 1769 (Vanellus).
● ex “Guêpier à queue et aîles rousses de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 454, “Guêpier vert à aîles et queue rousses” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Cayenne Bee-eater” of Latham 1782 (syn. Xiphorhynchus erythropygius).
● ex “Cayenne Snipe” of Latham 1785 (unident.).

Southern Lapwing (lampronotus)
Latin Name: Vanellus chilensis lampronotus
lampronotus
Gr. λαμπρος lampros  bright; -νωτος -nōtos  -backed  < νωτον nōton  back.

Southern Lapwing (chilensis/fretensis)
Latin Name: Vanellus chilensis chilensis/fretensis
VANELLUS
(Charadriidae; Ϯ Northern Lapwing V. vanellus) Med. L. vanellus  lapwing  < dim. L. vannus  winnowing fan (in allusion to the broad wings and floppy flight); "Vanellus. Genus 71.  ...  **1. LE VANNEAU.  ... VANELLUS." (Brisson 1760): based on "Vanellus", "Capella", and "Caprea" of Gessner 1555, and many other authors, and Tringa Vanellus Linnaeus, 1758; "Vanellus Brisson, Orn., 1760, 1, p. 48; 5, p. 94. Type, by tautonymy, Vanellus Brisson = Tringa vanellus Linné." (Peters 1934, II, 235).  The Northern Lapwing appears the most aberrant member of the genus; it has been suggested that Hoplopterus be resurrected for all the other species presently included in Vanellus.   
Var. Canellus, Cranellus.   
Synon. Acanthopteryx, Acanthropterus, Afribyx, Afrovanellus, Anitibyx, Anomalophrys, Belonopterus, Chettusia, Defilippia, Dilobus, Dorypaltus, Euhyas, Eurypterus, Gavia, Hemiparra, Hoplopterus, Limnetes, Lobibyx, Lobipluvia, Lobivanellus, Microsarcops, Nonnusia, Ptiloscelys, Rogibyx, Sarciophorus, Sarcogrammus, Stephanibyx, Titihoia, Tringa, Tylibyx, Vanellochettusia, Viator, Xiphidiopterus, Zapterus, Zonifer.