Anthochaera Carunculata Bird

English Name:  Red Wattlebird
Latin Name:  Anthochaera carunculata
Protonym:  Merops carunculata J.voy.NewS.Wales[White] p.240
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Meliphagidae / Anthochaera
Taxonomy Code:  redwat1
Type Locality:  New South Wales. Cf. Mathews, 1925, Birds Australia, 12, pp. 64-65
Author:  Shaw
Publish Year:  1790
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ANTHOCHAERA
(Meliphagidae; Ϯ Little Wattlebird A. chrysoptera) Gr. ανθος anthos  flower, bloom; χαιρω khairō  to enjoy; "Genus. ANTHOCHÆRA *.   Rostrum elongatum, subattenuatum, subarcuatum; culmine ad basin subcarinato; mandibula superiori vix emarginata; naribus longitudinalibus, linearibus, membrana supra tectis, ad medium rostrum extendentibus ibique apertioribus.  Lingua ad apicem in setas plurimas divisa.  Alæ mediocres, rotundatæ; remige prima brevi secunda tertia parte longiori, tertia gradatim longiori, quarta quinta et sexta æqualibus longissimis; tertiæ ad septimam inclusam pogoniis externis in medio gradatim longioribus.  Cauda elongata, rotundata, vix gradata.  Pedes fortes, longitudine mediocres; acrotarsiis scutellatis, paratarsiis integris.   The strong, but at the same time lengthened and attenuated bill of this group, added to the size and powerful conformation of the species, distinguish it from the true Meliphaga. The lengthened and subgraduated tail also serves as a strong mark of distinction. The chief external characters of the group associate it with the Meliphagidæ, although upon a decided enlarged scale; and the tongue of one of the species, now before us, exhibits the filamentous formation peculiar to the Australian Honey-Eaters.  ...  1. CARUNCULATA.  ...  2. MELLIVORA.  ...  Le Goruck? Vieill. Ois. dor. ii. p. 126. pl. 88.   ...  The natives call it Coke'ran.  ...  3. PHRYGIA.*  ...*We take this opportunity of characterizing the following bird, which has been generally considered the young of Anth. carunculata, but which appears to us to be distinct.  ...  4. LEWINII.  ...  Memoriæ Domini JOANNIS GULIELMI LEWIN, peregrinatoris in Australia seduli sagacissimique   ...   * Aνθος flos, and χαιρω gaudeo" (Vigors & Horsfield 1827); "Anthochaera Vigors and Horsfield, 1827, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, 15, p. 320. Type, by subsequent designation (Gadow, 1884, Cat. Birds Brit.Mus., 9, p. 262), Certhia mellivora Latham = Merops chrysopterus Latham." (Salomonsen in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 444).   
Var. Acanthochaera (Gr. ακανθα akantha  spine, thorn).   
Synon. Anellobia, Coleavis, Coleia, Colena, Dyottornis, Melichaera, Zanthomiza.

carunculata / carunculatus
Mod. L. carunculatus  wattled  < L. caruncula  small piece of flesh  < dim. caro, carnis  flesh.
● ex “New Holland Bee-eater” of Phillip 1789 (Anthochaera).
● ex “Wattled Heron” of Latham 1785 (Bugeranus).
● ex “Wattled Stare” of Latham 1785 (Creadion).
● ex “Cockscomb Stare” of Latham 1783 (syn. Creatophora cinerea).
● ex “Wattled Creeper” of Latham 1781 (Foulehaio).
● ex “Carunculated Shag” of Latham 1785 (Phalacrocorax).
● ex “Cotinga blanc” of Brisson 1760, and “Guira Panga” or “Cotinga Blanc” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Procnias alba).
● ex “Ipecati Apoa” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Pato crestudo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 428 (syn. Sarkidiornis sylvicola).
● ex “Coliou Quiriwa” of Levaillant 1808, pl. 258 (syn. Urocolius indicus).

SUBSPECIES

Red Wattlebird (carunculata)
Latin Name: Anthochaera carunculata carunculata
carunculata / carunculatus
Mod. L. carunculatus  wattled  < L. caruncula  small piece of flesh  < dim. caro, carnis  flesh.
● ex “New Holland Bee-eater” of Phillip 1789 (Anthochaera).
● ex “Wattled Heron” of Latham 1785 (Bugeranus).
● ex “Wattled Stare” of Latham 1785 (Creadion).
● ex “Cockscomb Stare” of Latham 1783 (syn. Creatophora cinerea).
● ex “Wattled Creeper” of Latham 1781 (Foulehaio).
● ex “Carunculated Shag” of Latham 1785 (Phalacrocorax).
● ex “Cotinga blanc” of Brisson 1760, and “Guira Panga” or “Cotinga Blanc” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Procnias alba).
● ex “Ipecati Apoa” of Marcgrave 1648, and “Pato crestudo” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 428 (syn. Sarkidiornis sylvicola).
● ex “Coliou Quiriwa” of Levaillant 1808, pl. 258 (syn. Urocolius indicus).

Red Wattlebird (clelandi)
Latin Name: Anthochaera carunculata clelandi
clelandi
Prof. Sir John Burton Cleland (1878-1971) Australian pathologist, mycologist, ornithologist (subsp. Acanthiza lineata, syn. Acanthiza nana, subsp. Anthochaera carunculata, syn. Chlamydera maculata, syn. Cincloramphus cruralis, syn. Emblema pictum, syn. Gavicalis versicolor, subsp. Geopelia placida, ‡subsp. Lewinia pectoralis, syn. Manorina flavigula obscura, syn. Ninox novaeseelandiae leucopsis, syn. Oreoica gutturalis).

Red Wattlebird (woodwardi)
Latin Name: Anthochaera carunculata woodwardi
woodwardi
• Bernard Henry Woodward (1846-1916) British immigrant to Australia, son of Prof. S. P. Woodward, assayer, Curator of Perth Mus., Western Australia 1889-1916 (Amytornis, subsp. Anthochaera carunculata, Colluricincla, syn. Dromaius novaehollandiae, syn. Eudyptula minor novaehollandiae, subsp. Mirafra javanica, syn. Porphyrio melanotus).
• Dr Sir Arthur Smith Woodward (1864-1944) English palaeontologist involved in the Piltdown Man hoax 1912 (‡Buteo).
• Revd. Richard Blake Woodward (1847-1919) and his brother Revd. John Deverell Stewart Woodward (1849-1919) English missionaries to Natal, naturalists, explorers, collectors, emigrated to Australia 1905 (Paul Scofield in litt.) (subsp. Cryptolybia olivacea, subsp. Sylvia borin).