Garrulax Canorus Bird

English Name:  Chinese Hwamei
Latin Name:  Garrulax canorus
Protonym:  [Turdus] Canorus Syst.Nat.ed.10 p.169
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Leiothrichidae / Garrulax
Taxonomy Code:  melthr
Type Locality:  Bengal and China ; type locality restricted to Amoy, Fukien, by Meinertzhagen, 1928, Ibis, p. 512.
Author:  Linnaeus
Publish Year:  1758
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

GARRULAX
(Leiotrichidae; † White-crested Laughingthrush G. leucolophus belangeri) Genus Garrulus Brisson, 1760, jay; L. -ax  inclining towards (cf. L. garrulus  babbling  <  garrire  to babble); from their noisy behavious the laughingthrushes were formerly known as jay-thrushes; "CII.e Le genre GARRULAXE; Garrulax, Lesson.   ...   Observ. Ce genre est très-distinct des geais et des merles, avec lesquels on a voulu associer les espèces qui le composent, et qui vivent dans l'Inde.  Ce sont:  1.º Le GARRULAXE DE BÉLANGER; Garrulax Belangeri, Less., Zool. du Voy. aux Indes orientales, pl. 4   ...   Cet oiseau est nommé weraôu par les habitans du Pégu, sa patrie.   2.º Le GARRULAXE A FRONT ROUX; Garrulax rufifrons, Less., Zool. du Voy. de Bélanger, pl. 5.   ...   De Java.   3.º Le GARRULAXE AZUR; Garrulax azureus. Less.   ...   Habite le Pégu." (Lesson 1831); "Garrulax Lesson, 1831 (June), Traité d'Orn.: 647.  Type, by subsequent designation, Gray, 1846, Garrulax Belangeri Lesson, but nomen nudum, type hereby designated, Garrulax rufifrons Lesson." (Ripley, 1961, Synopsis Birds India Pakistan, p. 380); "GARRULAX Lesson, 1831  M— Garrulax belangeri Lesson, 1831; type by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1855, Cat. of the Genera and Subgenera of Birds, p. 44)." (Dickinson and Christidis (eds.), H. & M. Complete Checklist, 4th ed., 2014, 2 (Passerines), p. 541).
Synon. Allocotops, Babax, Dryonastes, Garrulaxis, Ianthocincla, Kaznakowia, Leucodioptron, Melanocichla, Pterorhinus, Rhinocichla, Stactocichla.

canorum / canorus
L. canorus  melodious  < canor, canoris  song, tune  < canere  to sing.
● "52. CUCULUS.  ...  canorus.  1. C. cauda aequali nigricante albo punctata. Fn. svec. 77.  Cuculus. Gesn. av. 363. Aldr. ornith. l. 5. c. 107. Bell. av. 22:6. Will. ornith. 62. t. 77. Frisch. av. 4. t. 40, 41, 42. Raj. av. 23. Alb. av. I. p. 8. t. 8. Olin. av. 38.  Habitat in Europa; victitat Larvis.  Ova sua aliarum avicularum nidis imponis, cubandi impotens; variat ætate, sexu; tempore frondescentiæ, florescentiæ, grossisicationis cuculat; occultatur caniculæ ortu; in falconem transformari perperam asseritur." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cuculus).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  Canorus.  5. T. griseus, subtus ferrugineus, linea alba ad latera capitis, cauda rotundata. Chin. Lagerstr. 11.  Turdus chinensis. Osb. it. 309.  Turdus fuscus benghalensis non maculatus. Edw. av. 184. t. 184.  Baniah bove benghala. Alb. av. 3. p. 18. t. 19.  Habitat in Benghala, China." (Linnaeus 1758) (Garrulax).
● ex "Faucon Chanteur" of Levaillant 1798, pl. 27 (Melierax).
● ex “Merle de Bengale” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 258 (syn. Pitta brachyura).

SUBSPECIES

Chinese Hwamei (canorus)
Latin Name: Garrulax canorus canorus
canorum / canorus
L. canorus  melodious  < canor, canoris  song, tune  < canere  to sing.
● "52. CUCULUS.  ...  canorus.  1. C. cauda aequali nigricante albo punctata. Fn. svec. 77.  Cuculus. Gesn. av. 363. Aldr. ornith. l. 5. c. 107. Bell. av. 22:6. Will. ornith. 62. t. 77. Frisch. av. 4. t. 40, 41, 42. Raj. av. 23. Alb. av. I. p. 8. t. 8. Olin. av. 38.  Habitat in Europa; victitat Larvis.  Ova sua aliarum avicularum nidis imponis, cubandi impotens; variat ætate, sexu; tempore frondescentiæ, florescentiæ, grossisicationis cuculat; occultatur caniculæ ortu; in falconem transformari perperam asseritur." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cuculus).
● "95. TURDUS.  ...  Canorus.  5. T. griseus, subtus ferrugineus, linea alba ad latera capitis, cauda rotundata. Chin. Lagerstr. 11.  Turdus chinensis. Osb. it. 309.  Turdus fuscus benghalensis non maculatus. Edw. av. 184. t. 184.  Baniah bove benghala. Alb. av. 3. p. 18. t. 19.  Habitat in Benghala, China." (Linnaeus 1758) (Garrulax).
● ex "Faucon Chanteur" of Levaillant 1798, pl. 27 (Melierax).
● ex “Merle de Bengale” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 258 (syn. Pitta brachyura).

Chinese Hwamei (owstoni)
Latin Name: Garrulax canorus owstoni
owstoni
Alan Owston (1853-1915) English merchant, yachtsman, naturalist, collector resident in Japan 1871-1915 (subsp. Aethopyga siparaja, Dendrocopos, Ficedula, subsp. Garrulax canorus, syn. Hydrobates tristrami, Hypotaenidia, subsp. Nucifraga hemispila, subsp. Pyrrhula erythaca, Sittiparus, syn. Terpsiphone atrocaudata, subsp. Todiramphus chloris, subsp. Zosterops semperi).