Hydrornis Caeruleus Bird

English Name:  Giant Pitta
Latin Name:  Hydrornis caeruleus
Protonym:  Myiothera caerulea Trans.Linn.Soc.London(1), 13 p.301
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Pittidae / Hydrornis
Taxonomy Code:  giapit1
Type Locality:  Sumatra.
Author:  Raffles
Publish Year:  1822
IUCN Status:  Near Threatened

DEFINITIONS

HYDRORNIS
(Pittidae; Ϯ Blue-naped Pitta H. nipalensis) Gr. ὑδρο- hudro-  water-   < ὑδωρ hudōr, ὑδατος hudatos  water; ορνις ornis, ορνιθος ornithos  bird (see Paludicola); "Pitta nuchalis, Nobis, is identical with Hydrornis (olim Paludicola) Nipalensis, Hodgson, J.A.S. VI, 103: but it is barely separable from the great group of Pitta" (Blyth 1843); "Hydrornis Blyth, 1843, Journ. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 12, p. 960. New name for Paludicola Hodgson, 1837. Type, by monotypy, Paludicola Nipalensis Hodgson." (Mayr in Peters, 1979, VIII, pp. 310-311).   
Synon. Anthocincla, Eucichla, Gigantipitta, Heleornis, Insignipitta, Iridipitta, Leucopitta, Merulanthus, Ornatipitta, Paludicola.

caeruleus
L. caeruleus  azure-blue, cerulean (see also caerulea).
● ex “Blue Maccaw” of Albin 1731-1738, and Latham 1781, “Psittacus maximus caeruleus varius, cauda producta” of Brown 1756, and “Ara jamaicensis cyaneo-crocea” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Ara ararauna).
● ex “Oiseau-Mouche à goisier bleu” of Audebert & Vieillot 1801 (syn. Chlorestes notatus).
● "59. CERTHIA.  ...  cærulea.  3. C. cærulea, remigibus rectricibusque nigris.  Certhia cærulea. Edw. av. 21. t. 21.  Habitat Surinami.  Rostrum huic longius quam in congeneribus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cyanerpes).
● "100. PARUS.  ...  cæruleus.  4. P. remigibus caerulescentibus: primoribus margine exteriore albis, fronte alba, vertice cæruleo. Fn. svec. 240.  Parus cæruleus. Bell. av. 96. a. Gesn. av. 641. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 17. Will. orn. 175. Frisch. av. 3. t. 14. f. 1.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cyanistes).
● ex “Urraca celeste” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 55 (Cyanocorax).
● ex “Todier de Juida” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 783, “Todier bleu à ventre orangé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Blue Tody” of Latham 1781 (syn. Ispidina picta).
● ex “Merula coerulea” of Brisson (syn. Monticola solitarius).
● ex “Merle bleu de la Chine” of Sonnerat 1782 (Myophonus).
● ex “Small blue Jay” of Ray 1713, “Xanthornus caeruleus” of Brisson 1760, and “Blue Oriole” of Latham 1782 (?syn. Urocissa erythrorhyncha).
● ex “Xochitenacatl” of Nieremberg 1635, “Tucana caerulea” of Brisson 1760, and “Blue Toucan” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

Giant Pitta (caeruleus)
Latin Name: Hydrornis caeruleus caeruleus
caeruleus
L. caeruleus  azure-blue, cerulean (see also caerulea).
● ex “Blue Maccaw” of Albin 1731-1738, and Latham 1781, “Psittacus maximus caeruleus varius, cauda producta” of Brown 1756, and “Ara jamaicensis cyaneo-crocea” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Ara ararauna).
● ex “Oiseau-Mouche à goisier bleu” of Audebert & Vieillot 1801 (syn. Chlorestes notatus).
● "59. CERTHIA.  ...  cærulea.  3. C. cærulea, remigibus rectricibusque nigris.  Certhia cærulea. Edw. av. 21. t. 21.  Habitat Surinami.  Rostrum huic longius quam in congeneribus." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cyanerpes).
● "100. PARUS.  ...  cæruleus.  4. P. remigibus caerulescentibus: primoribus margine exteriore albis, fronte alba, vertice cæruleo. Fn. svec. 240.  Parus cæruleus. Bell. av. 96. a. Gesn. av. 641. Aldr. orn. l. 17. c. 17. Will. orn. 175. Frisch. av. 3. t. 14. f. 1.  Habitat in Europa." (Linnaeus 1758) (Cyanistes).
● ex “Urraca celeste” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 55 (Cyanocorax).
● ex “Todier de Juida” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 783, “Todier bleu à ventre orangé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Blue Tody” of Latham 1781 (syn. Ispidina picta).
● ex “Merula coerulea” of Brisson (syn. Monticola solitarius).
● ex “Merle bleu de la Chine” of Sonnerat 1782 (Myophonus).
● ex “Small blue Jay” of Ray 1713, “Xanthornus caeruleus” of Brisson 1760, and “Blue Oriole” of Latham 1782 (?syn. Urocissa erythrorhyncha).
● ex “Xochitenacatl” of Nieremberg 1635, “Tucana caerulea” of Brisson 1760, and “Blue Toucan” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

Giant Pitta (hosei)
Latin Name: Hydrornis caeruleus hosei
hosei / hosii
Charles Hose (1863-1929) English civil servant in Sarawak 1884-1907, naturalist, ethnologist (Calyptomena, syn. Cyornis rufigastra, syn. Dicaeum cruentatum nigrimentum, subsp. Hydrornis caeruleus, Oriolus).