Phedina Borbonica Bird

English Name:  Mascarene Martin
Latin Name:  Phedina borbonica
Protonym:  Hirundo borbonica Syst.Nat. 1 pt2 p.1017
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Hirundinidae / Phedina
Taxonomy Code:  masmar1
Type Locality:  Bourbon = Mauritius.
Author:  Gmelin, JF
Publish Year:  1789
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

PHEDINA
(Hirundinidae; Ϯ Mascarene Martin P. borbonica) Gr. φαιος phaios  brown; Italian Rondine  swallow  < L. hirundo, hirundinis  swallow; "mais, quant à l'Hirundo borbonica, dont on voudrait aussi faire une Collocalia, elle est le type de mon genre PHEDINA, que plusieurs caractères, et surtout ses tarses allongés, me semblent éloigner beaucoup de nos Collocalia et rapprocher des Hirundiniens" (Bonaparte 1855); "HYRUNDINEÆ   ...   9. Phedina, Bp.   32. borbonica, Gm. (franciae, Cuv. nec Gm.)   33. spilodera, Sundev.   34. subfusca, Gould. (Hirundo subfusca, Gould. ex Maola Ins. Fidgi.)" (Bonaparte 1857); "Phedina Bonaparte, 1857, Riv. Contemp., Torino, 9, p. 210. Type, by subsequent designation, Hirundo borbonica Gmelin (Sharpe, 1885, Cat. Birds Brit. Mus., 10, p. 122)." (Peters 1960, IX, 100).

borbonensis / borbonica / borbonicus
Île Bourbon, named in 1649 for the Bourbons, a European royal house of French origin (= Île de la Réunion = Réunion, named in 1793 to commemorate the fall of the Bourbons and the union of revolutionaries from Marseille and from Paris).
● ex “Merula borbonica” of Brisson 1760 (Hypsipetes).
● ex “Merula borbonica” of Brisson 1760, “Merle de l’isle de Bourbon” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Bourbon Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Hypsipetes borbonicus).
● ex “Hirondelle de l’Île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 544, fig. 2 (Phedina).
● Erroneous TL Île de Bourbon (= tropical America); ex “Ficedula borbonica” of Brisson 1760, “Petit Simon” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Figuier de l’île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 705, fig. 2, and “Bourbon Warbler” of Latham 1783 (syn. Polioptila plumbea).
● ex “Muscicapa borbonica cristata” of Brisson 1760, “Gobe-mouche huppé de l’île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 573, fig. 1, and “Bourbon Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (syn. Terpsiphone bourbonnensis).
● ex “Grimpereau” or “Figuier de l’Île de Bourbon” of Brisson 1760, “Soui-manga de l’Île de Bourbon” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Yellow-rumped Creeper” of Latham 1781 (Zosterops).

SUBSPECIES

Mascarene Martin (borbonica)
Latin Name: Phedina borbonica borbonica
borbonensis / borbonica / borbonicus
Île Bourbon, named in 1649 for the Bourbons, a European royal house of French origin (= Île de la Réunion = Réunion, named in 1793 to commemorate the fall of the Bourbons and the union of revolutionaries from Marseille and from Paris).
● ex “Merula borbonica” of Brisson 1760 (Hypsipetes).
● ex “Merula borbonica” of Brisson 1760, “Merle de l’isle de Bourbon” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Bourbon Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Hypsipetes borbonicus).
● ex “Hirondelle de l’Île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 544, fig. 2 (Phedina).
● Erroneous TL Île de Bourbon (= tropical America); ex “Ficedula borbonica” of Brisson 1760, “Petit Simon” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Figuier de l’île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 705, fig. 2, and “Bourbon Warbler” of Latham 1783 (syn. Polioptila plumbea).
● ex “Muscicapa borbonica cristata” of Brisson 1760, “Gobe-mouche huppé de l’île de Bourbon” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 573, fig. 1, and “Bourbon Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (syn. Terpsiphone bourbonnensis).
● ex “Grimpereau” or “Figuier de l’Île de Bourbon” of Brisson 1760, “Soui-manga de l’Île de Bourbon” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Yellow-rumped Creeper” of Latham 1781 (Zosterops).

Mascarene Martin (madagascariensis)
Latin Name: Phedina borbonica madagascariensis
madagarensis / madagascariensis / madagascarina / madagascarinus / madagascarius
Madagascar  < Madageiscar, said to be a 13th century corruption of Mogadishu (Persian Maq'ad is-Shah  seat of the king), the Somali port with which Marco Polo confused the island.
● ex “Palumbus coeruleus Madagascariensis” of Brisson 1760 (Alectroenas).
● ex “Ficedula madagascariensis major” of Brisson 1760, “Vira-ombé de Madagascar” of Sonnerat 1782, and “Madagascar Flycatcher” of Latham 1783 (Bernieria).
● ex “Lanius madagascariensis minor” of Brisson 1760 (Calicalicus); ex “Grimpereau violet de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Cinnyris souimanga).
● ex “Coucou verdâtre de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 815, and “Great Madagascar Cuckow” of Latham 1783 (syn. Coua gigas).
● ex “Lanius madagascariensis caeruleus” of Brisson 1760 (Cyanolanius).
● ex “Rolle de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 501, “Rollier de Madagascar” of de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Madagascar Roller” of Latham 1781 (syn. Eurystomus glaucurus).
● ex “Cardinal de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760 (Foudia).
● Erroneous TL. Madagascar and Mauritius (= China); ex “Francolin de l’isle de France” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Pintado Partridge” of Latham 1783 (syn. Francolinus pintadeanus).
● Erroneous TL. Madagascar (= Réunion); ex Upupa capensis Gmelin 1788 (‡syn. Fregilupus varius).
● (Boddaert 1783) ex “Merle de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 557, fig. 1, and “Tanaombé” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Hartlaubius auratus).
● (J. Gmelin 1789) ex “Merula madagascariensis” of Brisson 17690, “Merle de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 557, fig. 1, “Tanaombé” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Madagascar Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Hartlaubius auratus).
● ex “Merle cendré de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760, and “Ourovang” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 557, fig. 2 (Hypsipetes).
● ex “Grande Caille de Madagascar” and “Caille brune de Madagascar” of Sonnerat 1782 (Margaroperdix).
● ex “Sarcelle de Madagascar” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Madagascar Teal” of Latham 1785 (syn. Nettapus auritus).
● Erroneous TL Madagascar (= Macassar, Celebes); ex “Courlis de Madagascar” of Brisson 1760 (Numenius).
● ex “Luscinia madagascariensis” of Brisson 1760, “Foudi-jala” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Madagascar Warbler” of Latham 1783 (Oxylabes).
● Erroneous TL. Madagascar (= Malacca); ex “Merle des Moluques” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 257, and “Breve de Madagascar” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Pitta moluccensis).
● ex “Poule Sultane” of Brisson 1760, and “Talève de Madagascar” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 810 (Porphyrio).
● ex “Ficedula madagascariensis minor” of Brisson 1760, “Cheric” of de Buffon 17790-1783, and “White-eyed Warbler” of Latham 1783 (syn. Zosterops maderaspatanus).