Dicaeum Bicolor Bird

English Name:  Bicolored Flowerpecker
Latin Name:  Dicaeum bicolor
Protonym:  Prionochilus bicolor Occ.Pap.MinnesotaAcad.Nat.Sci. 1 no.1 p.20
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Dicaeidae / Dicaeum
Taxonomy Code:  bicflo1
Type Locality:  Ayala, near Zamboanga, Mindanao.
Author:  Bourns & Worcester
Publish Year:  1894
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

DICAEUM
(Dicaeidae; Ϯ Scarlet-backed Flowerpecker D. cruentatum) Gr. δικαιον dikaion  supposedly an Indian bird mentioned by Aelianus, but the name probably refers to the scarab beetle Scarabaeus; "LES DICÉES. (DICÆUM. Cuv.) (3).  Ne grimpent pas non plus, et n'ont pas la queue usée; leur bec aigu, arqué, pas plus long que la tête, est déprimé et élargi à sa base. Ils viennent des Indes-Orientales, sont fort petits, et portent généralement de l'écarlate dans leur plumage.   ...   (3) DICÆUM, nom d'un très-petit oiseau des Indes selon Ælien. A ce sous-genre appartiennent certh. erythronotos, Vieill. II, 35. Le C. cruentata, Edw. 81, en est probablement une variété d'âge.  —  C. rubra, Vieill. pl. 54.  —  C. erythropygia, Lath. 2^e Supp.  —  C. tæniata, Sonn. II^e Voy. pl. 107, fig. 3.  —  C. cantillans, id. ib. 2." (Cuvier 1817); "Dicaeum Cuvier, 1817, Règne Animal., 1, p. 410. Type, by subsequent designation (G. R. Gray, 1840, List Gen. Birds, ed. 1, p. 13), Certhia erythronotum Gmelin = Certhia erythronotos Latham = Certhia cruentata Linnaeus." (Salomonsen in Peters, 1967, XII, p. 174).
Var. Diceaum, Diceum, Dicoeum, Decaeum.
Synon. Austrodicaeum, Bournsia, Chilociris, Chromatociris, Cryptociris, Microchelidon, Myzanthe, Pachyglossa, Phenacistes, Polisornis, Psarisoma.

bicolor
L. bicolor, bicoloris  bicoloured  < bi-  two-  < bis  twice; color, coloris  colour; epithet usually given to spp. with white underparts and contrastingly darker upperparts.
● ex “Crested Titmouse” of Catesby 1731, and “Mésange hupée de la Caroline” of Brisson 1760 (Baeolophus).
● ex “Coucal Noirou” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 220 (syn. Centropus nigrorufus).
● ex “Colibri Nr. 2” of Fermin 1769, “Saphir-émeraude” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Sapphire-and-Emerald Humming-bird” of Latham 1782 (Cyanophaia).
● ex “Pic varié de la Encénade” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 748, fig.1, and “Encenada Woodpecker” of Latham 1782 (syn. Dendrocopos lignarius).
● ex “Pato roxo y negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 436 (Dendrocygna).
● ex “Ramier blanc mangeur de muscade de la Nouvelle Guinée” of Sonnerat 1776 (Ducula).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à ventre blanc de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 566, fig. 3, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Black and white Fly-catcher” of Edwards 1758, and Latham 1783 (syn. Fluvicola pica).
● ex "Merle brun du Cap de Bonne Espérance" of de Buffon 1770-1783, and "White-rumped Thrush" of Latham 1783 (Lamprotornis).
● ex "Bahama Sparrow" of Catesby 1731 (Melanospiza).
● ex “Petit Guêpier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 318 (?syn. Merops hirundineus).
● ex “Guêpier de l’isle de France” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 252 (syn. Merops viridis).
● ex “Schet Noir” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 148 (syn. Terpsiphone mutata).

SUBSPECIES

Bicolored Flowerpecker (inexpectatum)
Latin Name: Dicaeum bicolor inexpectatum
inexpecta / inexpectata / inexpectatum / inexpectatus / inexpectus / inexspectata / inexspectatus
L. inexspectatus  unexpected, surprising, unlooked for  < in-  not; exspectatus  awaited, expected  < exspectare  to await.
● “In view of the stability shown by Arremonops conirostris conirostris through a wide area, the appearance of this form so near the type-locality of that race is surprising and inexplicable” (Chapman 1914) (subsp. Arremonops conirostris).
● “It certainly was unexpected to find such a striking and hitherto unknown species on Guadalcanar, and this and the discovery of other new forms on the island shows that the ornithological exploration of Guadalcanar has hitherto been very imperfect” (Hartert 1929) (Guadalcanaria).
● “et necata inexpectatum nobis gaudium dedit novae speciei, ante nunquam visae” (Forster 1844) (Pterodroma).
● "Named both for the unexpected nature of its distribution, being restricted to two provinces of Ghana, and the fact that there are no obvious geographic barriers that separate it from two other members of the genus" (Voelker et al. 2016) (subsp. Stiphrornis erythrothorax).
● “On examining a large series of birdskins collected in the northern parts of Celebes and presented to the Leyden Museum by S. C. I. W. van Musschenbroek, Esq., I was quite astonished to find, that there exists in the Minahassa, beside Strix [= Tyto ] Rosenbergii, another large species of Barn-owl, very different as well from Strix Rosenbergii as from all the other known species” (Schlegel 1879) (Tyto).

Bicolored Flowerpecker (viridissimum)
Latin Name: Dicaeum bicolor viridissimum
viridissima / viridissimum / viridissimus
L. viridissimus  very green  < super. viridis  green  < virere  to be green.
● ex “Or-vert” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “All-green Humming-bird” of Edwards 1758-1764, and Latham 1782 (?syn. Chlorostilbon prasinus).
● ex “Tanagra gyrola” of Swainson 1829 (Tangara).

Bicolored Flowerpecker (bicolor)
Latin Name: Dicaeum bicolor bicolor
bicolor
L. bicolor, bicoloris  bicoloured  < bi-  two-  < bis  twice; color, coloris  colour; epithet usually given to spp. with white underparts and contrastingly darker upperparts.
● ex “Crested Titmouse” of Catesby 1731, and “Mésange hupée de la Caroline” of Brisson 1760 (Baeolophus).
● ex “Coucal Noirou” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 220 (syn. Centropus nigrorufus).
● ex “Colibri Nr. 2” of Fermin 1769, “Saphir-émeraude” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Sapphire-and-Emerald Humming-bird” of Latham 1782 (Cyanophaia).
● ex “Pic varié de la Encénade” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 748, fig.1, and “Encenada Woodpecker” of Latham 1782 (syn. Dendrocopos lignarius).
● ex “Pato roxo y negro” of de Azara 1802-1805, no. 436 (Dendrocygna).
● ex “Ramier blanc mangeur de muscade de la Nouvelle Guinée” of Sonnerat 1776 (Ducula).
● ex “Gobe-mouche à ventre blanc de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 566, fig. 3, and de Buffon 1770-1786, and “Black and white Fly-catcher” of Edwards 1758, and Latham 1783 (syn. Fluvicola pica).
● ex "Merle brun du Cap de Bonne Espérance" of de Buffon 1770-1783, and "White-rumped Thrush" of Latham 1783 (Lamprotornis).
● ex "Bahama Sparrow" of Catesby 1731 (Melanospiza).
● ex “Petit Guêpier du Sénégal” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 318 (?syn. Merops hirundineus).
● ex “Guêpier de l’isle de France” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 252 (syn. Merops viridis).
● ex “Schet Noir” of Levaillant 1805, pl. 148 (syn. Terpsiphone mutata).