Charadrius Bicinctus Bird

English Name:  Double-banded Plover
Latin Name:  Charadrius bicinctus
Protonym:  Charadrius bicinctus Ill.Orn. 1 pl.28,text
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Charadriidae / Charadrius
Taxonomy Code:  dobplo1
Type Locality:  New Holland = New South Wales, apud Mathews, infra, p, 216.
Author:  Jardine & Selby
Publish Year:  1827
IUCN Status:  Near Threatened

DEFINITIONS

CHARADRIUS
(Charadriidae; Ϯ Ringed Plover C. hiaticula) Late L. charadrius yellowish bird mentioned in the Vulgate Bible (late 4^th century) < Gr. χαραδριος kharadrios  unknown plain-coloured nocturnal bird that dwelt in ravines and river valleys  < χαραδρα kharadra  ravine. According to some authors the sight of it was said to cure jaundice. Early identifications included the Stone-curlew Burhinus oedicnemus; "79. CHARADRIUS.  Rostrum teretiusculum, obtusum.  Pedes tridactyli." (Linnaeus 1758); "Charadrius Linné, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, 1, 1758, p. 150. Type, by tautonymy, Charadrius hiaticula Linné. (Charadrios s. Hiaticula Aldrovandus, prebinomial specific name in synonymy.)" (Peters, 1934, II, p. 245). Linnaeus's Charadrius comprised eleven species (C. cristatus, C. Hiaticula, C. alexandrinus, C. vociferus, C. ægyptius, C. Morinellus, C. apricarius, C. Pluvialis, C. Oedicnemus, C. Himantopus, C. spinosus).   
Var. Charadrias, Charadias.   
Synon. Aegialeus, Aegialitis, Aegialophilus, Afraegialis, Afroxyechus, Cirrepidesmus, Eupoda, Eupodella, Helenaegialus, Hiaticula, Hyetoceryx, Leucopolius, Neocharadrius, Nesoceryx, Ochthodromus, Oxyechus, Pagoa, Pagolla, Paroxyechus, Pernettyva, Pipus, Pluviorhynchus, Podasocys, Zonibyx.

bicincta / bicinctus
Mod. L. bicinctus  double-banded, double-barred  < L. bi-  two-, double-  < bis  twice; cinctus  girdled, banded  < cingere  to encircle.

SUBSPECIES

Double-banded Plover (bicinctus)
Latin Name: Charadrius bicinctus bicinctus
bicincta / bicinctus
Mod. L. bicinctus  double-banded, double-barred  < L. bi-  two-, double-  < bis  twice; cinctus  girdled, banded  < cingere  to encircle.

Double-banded Plover (exilis)
Latin Name: Charadrius bicinctus exilis
exilis
L. exilis  small, slender, thin  < ex  without; ile, ilis  intestines.
● ex “Minute Bittern” (= ♀) and “Mexican Bittern” of Latham 1785 (Ixobrychus).
● ex “Hummingbird of a black colour” of Bancroft 1769, and “Little Humming Bird” of Latham 1782 (subsp. Orthorhyncus cristatus).