Manucodia Ater Bird

English Name:  Glossy-mantled Manucode
Latin Name:  Manucodia ater
Protonym:  Phonygama ater Voy.Coq. Atlas 1 livr.14 p.638
Taxonomy:  Passeriformes / Paradisaeidae / Manucodia
Taxonomy Code:  glmman2
Type Locality:  Dorey, northwestern New Guinea.
Author:  Lesson
Publish Year:  1830
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

MANUCODIA
(Paradisaeidae; Ϯ Crinkle-collared Manucode M. chalybatus) Contracted form of “Manucodiata,” the name assigned to a group of birds-of-paradise by Brisson 1760, based on Old Javanese Manu ko dewata  birds of the gods; "634. Le Chalybé de la nouvelle Guinée, BUFF. V. p. 236. BRISS. Ornith. o. LINN. Gen. 52. o. Manucodia chalybea, mihi. Blue green Paradise bird LATH. I. p. 482. 7." (Boddaert 1783); "Manucodia Boddaert, 1783, Tabl. enlum., p. 39, no. 634. Type, by monotypy, M. chalybea Boddaert = P. chalybata Pennant. [Masculine, from old Javanese; "manukdewa" — bird of the gods]." (Mayr in Peters 1962, XV, 184).   
Synon. Chalybaeus, Eucorax, Manucorax.
● (syn. Parotia Ϯ Western Parotia P. sefilata) "20  Manucodia Sexpennis, Linn  o.  ([Cloche] 7.    20 Sixfilet, ou Oiseau de Paradis, Buff. . . . .([Cloche] 7." (Meuschen 1787).

ater
L. ater black, dark, dull, matt black (cf. niger shining black, glossy black).
● ex “Martinet à Croupion Blanc” of Levaillant 1807 (?syn. Apus caffer).
● ex “Black Hawk” of A. Wilson 1812 (syn. Buteo lagopus sanctijohannis).
● ex “Aigle noir huppé d’Amérique” of de Buffon (Sonnini ed.) 1800-1802 (syn. Buteogallus urubitinga).
● ex “Crested black Cuckow” of Latham 1782 (syn. Clamator jacobinus serratus).
● ex “Iribin noir” of Vieillot 1816 (Daptrius).
● ex “Falco columbarius Nebbi“ of Ray 1713, “Schwarzbrauner Habicht” of Frisch 1733, “Black Hawk or Falcon” of Edwards 1743, “Falco niger” of Brisson 1760, “Faucon passager” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 469, and “Black Falcon” of Latham 1781 (syn. Falco peregrinus).
● ex “Merle à gorge noire de Saint-Domingue” (= ☼) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 559, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-throated Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Icterus dominicensis).
● ex “Black Gled” of Sibbald 1684, “Braunermaldgeyer” of Kramer 1756, “Milvus niger” of Brisson 1760, “Milan noir” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 472, and “Black Kite “ of Latham 1787 (syn. Milvus migrans).
● ex “Troupiale de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 606, fig. 1, “Petit Troupiale noir” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Black Oriole” of Latham 1782 (Molothrus).
● ex “Parus ater” of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599, and Willughby 1676, “Colemouse” of Ray 1713, and “Parus capite nigro, dorso cinereo, occipite pectoreque albo” of Linnaeus 1746 (Periparus).
● ex “Héoro-taire noir” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (syn. Phylidonyris niger).
● ex “Dusky Flycatcher” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Sayornis phoebe).
● ex “Tangara à cravate noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 714, fig. 2, and “Camail” or “Cravate” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Schistochlamys melanopis).
● ex “Ararauna” or “Machao” of de Laet 1633, “Ara noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black Maccaw” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

SUBSPECIES

Glossy-mantled Manucode (ater)
Latin Name: Manucodia ater ater
ater
L. ater black, dark, dull, matt black (cf. niger shining black, glossy black).
● ex “Martinet à Croupion Blanc” of Levaillant 1807 (?syn. Apus caffer).
● ex “Black Hawk” of A. Wilson 1812 (syn. Buteo lagopus sanctijohannis).
● ex “Aigle noir huppé d’Amérique” of de Buffon (Sonnini ed.) 1800-1802 (syn. Buteogallus urubitinga).
● ex “Crested black Cuckow” of Latham 1782 (syn. Clamator jacobinus serratus).
● ex “Iribin noir” of Vieillot 1816 (Daptrius).
● ex “Falco columbarius Nebbi“ of Ray 1713, “Schwarzbrauner Habicht” of Frisch 1733, “Black Hawk or Falcon” of Edwards 1743, “Falco niger” of Brisson 1760, “Faucon passager” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 469, and “Black Falcon” of Latham 1781 (syn. Falco peregrinus).
● ex “Merle à gorge noire de Saint-Domingue” (= ☼) of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 559, and de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black-throated Thrush” of Latham 1783 (syn. Icterus dominicensis).
● ex “Black Gled” of Sibbald 1684, “Braunermaldgeyer” of Kramer 1756, “Milvus niger” of Brisson 1760, “Milan noir” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 472, and “Black Kite “ of Latham 1787 (syn. Milvus migrans).
● ex “Troupiale de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 606, fig. 1, “Petit Troupiale noir” of de Buffon 1770-1785, and “Black Oriole” of Latham 1782 (Molothrus).
● ex “Parus ater” of Gessner 1555, Aldrovandus 1599, and Willughby 1676, “Colemouse” of Ray 1713, and “Parus capite nigro, dorso cinereo, occipite pectoreque albo” of Linnaeus 1746 (Periparus).
● ex “Héoro-taire noir” of Audebert & Vieillot 1802 (syn. Phylidonyris niger).
● ex “Dusky Flycatcher” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Sayornis phoebe).
● ex “Tangara à cravate noire de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 714, fig. 2, and “Camail” or “Cravate” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Schistochlamys melanopis).
● ex “Ararauna” or “Machao” of de Laet 1633, “Ara noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Black Maccaw” of Latham 1781 (unident.).

Glossy-mantled Manucode (subalter)
Latin Name: Manucodia ater subalter
subalter
L. sub  near to; specific name Manucodia alter Rothschild & Hartert, 1903 (= subsp. Manucodia ater) (syn. Manucodia ater).

Glossy-mantled Manucode (alter)
Latin Name: Manucodia ater alter
alter / altera
L. alter, altera, alterum  second, next, another  < comp. alius  other.
● "13.  ALÆMON HAMERTONI ALTERA, subsp. nov.  ♂ ad.  This bird differs from typical A. hamertoni described above by the whole of the upperside being of a pale sandy colour.  The flanks and belly are also more buff-coloured and the upper breast is more faintly marked with greyish brown, while the under wing-coverts and axillaries are pale sandy buff.  The buff-coloured supercilium is also more distinct." (Witherby 1905) (subsp. Alaemon hamertoni).
● "Ammospiza caudacuta altera subsp. nov.  ...  Similar to Ammospiza caudacuta nelsoni (Allen), but general coloration lighter.  The blackish-brown lateral stripes on the pileum are narrower and the grayish median stripe is correspondingly wider; the superciliaries are paler buff, and the auriculars more grayish and more strongly contrasted with the surrounding parts; the wing coverts and secondaries have paler rusty buff edgings; there is less brownish shading on the back, and the white streaks are less prominent."(Todd 1938) (subsp. Ammospiza nelsoni).
● "Cinnyris habessinicus alter nov. subsp.  Sehr ähnlich dem Cinnyris habessinicus habessinicus von Nord-Abyssinien, aber etwas grösser und mit längerem, geraderem Schnabel." (Neumann 1906) (subsp. Cinnyris habessinicus).
● "CORAPIPO LEUCORRHOA ALTERA, subsp. n.   ♂ Exactly of the same coloration as C. l. leucorrhoa (Scl.) of Colombia, but at once known by the different form of the wing.  The fourth primary the longest  ...  In C. l. leucorrhoa the fifth and sixth primaries are the longest" (Hellmayr 1906) (subsp. Corapipo leucorrhoa).
● "Arising from an enquiry made by Mr. H. G. Deignan of the United States National Museum it appeared that some specimens of the babbler Trichastoma abbotti in the British Museum (Natural History) represent an undescribed race.  Mr. Deignan has asked that a name should be given them so that it can be included in the section of Peter's Check List of the Birds of the World on which he is working.  The specimens were examined by Mrs. B. P. Hall but she left for Africa before a note could be prepared; she has now given me permission to publish a description.  I agree with her that the specimens have distinctive characters and appear to represent a valid race which is named as follows:— Trichastoma abbotti alterum new race.  Description: Nearest to williamsoni Deignan, 1948, but the crown is duller in colour and the forehead less streaked; the remainder of the upper parts are also slightly duller being more chestnut and less rufescent.  The throat is greyer and more distinctly streaked while the breast has more of an ashy than olivaceous wash.  The flanks are slightly paler and duller being more cinnamomeous than rufescent; they also have a somewhat ashy wash." (Sims 1957) (subsp. Malacocincla abbottii).
● "75.  Manucodia ater altera subsp. nov.  ...  Specimens from the south-eastern parts of New Guinea—namely, British New Guinea and the Louisiade Islands (Sudest)—are so much larger (wing in males 193—206 mm., bill about 40—44, against wing (♂) 168—188, bill 35—40 in typical ater) that we are obliged to separate them under a new subspecific name.  The bill is altogether stronger (less slender) and higher, and generally longer, tail and wings longer.  In adult birds the head is generally less greenish than in typical ater." (Rothschild & Hartert 1903) (subsp. Manucodia ater).
● "H. desolatus alter, subsp. n.; Auckland Islands.   Bill broader still, and agreeing very closely with H. d. banksi, under which name it has been commonly known.  The type of H. d. banksi seems immature, and therefore the present race would have a slightly narrower bill.  ...  It should be remembered that the differences are more easily appreciable in nature than would appear from a study of these figures, which are most accurately and carfully drawn." (Mathews 1912) (syn. Pachyptila desolata).
● "PYRRHULA ALTERA, sp. n.   ♂ ad. Similis P. erithaco ♂, sed supra clarius schistaceus, nec murino-brunneus, rubedine pectoris magis miniata, nec aurantiaco-rubra distinguendus.  ...  ♀ ad. Similis P. erithaco ♀, sed saturatior, gastræo intense chocolatino, nec vinaceo-brunneo, dorso sordide chocolatino, pileo colloque postico clarius schistaceis." (Rippon 1906) (syn. Pyrrhula erythaca).
● "Rhipidura nebulosa altera, new subspecies.  ...  Similar to nebulosa, but lighter, white marks more pronounced; the white postocular stripe broader and longer; the white supraloral spot more pronounced; most specimens with a distinct whitish throat which is exceptional in nebulosa; buffy area on lower belly more extended; white margins on the tail-feathers broader; smaller." (Mayr 1931) (subsp. Rhipidura nebulosa).