Harpactes Ardens Bird

English Name:  Philippine Trogon
Latin Name:  Harpactes ardens
Protonym:  Trogon ardens Pl.Col. livr.68 pl.404
Taxonomy:  Trogoniformes / Trogonidae / Harpactes
Taxonomy Code:  phitro1
Type Locality:  Mindanao,
Author:  Temminck
Publish Year:  1826
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

HARPACTES
(Trogonidae; Ϯ Malabar Trogon H. fasciatus) Gr. ἁρπακτης harpaktēs  robber  < ἁρπαζω harpazō  to rob; alluding to the heavy bodies and strong, deeply notched bills of these oriental trogons; "SUB-GENERA.  ...  3. Bill entire. Inhabits tropical Asia.   HARPACTES, Sw." (Swainson 1833); "Harpactes, Sw.  Bill stronger: both mandibles deeply notched at their tips, but the margins smooth. Nostrils partially naked. Tarsus only half feathered. The anterior toes less united.  Tropical Asia.  The conirostral type.   Malabaricus. Gould, Mon.   erythrocephalus. Ib.   Gouldii. (Sw.) P. C. 121.   Temminckii. P. Col. 321.   Duvaucellii. Ib. 291.   Diardi. Ib. 54." (Swainson 1837); "Harpactes Swainson, Zool. Illustr. (2), 3, 1832-33 (1833), p. 107 (in key). Diagnosis only, no type or included species. Species added, Swainson, Classif. Bds., 2, 1837, p. 337. Type, by subsequent designation, Trogon malabaricus Gould.²  (Gray, List Gen. Bds., 1840, p. 10.)   ...   ² This name is not antedated by Harpactes Templeton, Zool. Journ., 5, 1829-1834, p. 401, since the part of the Zool. Journ. containing that name was not published until Nov. or Dec. 1835." (Peters, 1945, V, p. 161).
Var. Harpactor.
Synon. Duvaucelius, Hapalurus, Oreskios, Pyrotrogon.

ardens
L. ardens, ardentis  burning, glowing  < ardere  to burn.
● ex “Veuve à poitrine rouge du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 647, and “Veuve en feu” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (Euplectes).

SUBSPECIES

Philippine Trogon (herberti)
Latin Name: Harpactes ardens herberti
herberti / herbertii
● Edward Grevile Herbert (1870-1951) British businessman with Bombay-Burmah Trading Corporation, naturalist, collector (subsp. Alauda gulgula, syn. Napothera brevicaudata leucosticta, subsp. Prinia inornata, Stachyris).
● Sir Thomas Herbert, Bart. (1606-1682) English traveller and author (syn. Aphanapteryx bonasia).
● Herbert Alexander (1874-1946) English artist, author, brother of explorer Capt. Boyd Alexander (subsp. Campethera nivosa, Phylloscopus, syn. Ploceus preussi).
● Herbert Girton Deignan (1906-1968) US ornithologist (subsp. Harpactes ardens).
● Herbert Ashley Riker (d. 1937) US rubber-plantation owner in Brazil 1867-1937, naturalist (subsp. Pheugopedius coraya).

Philippine Trogon (luzoniensis)
Latin Name: Harpactes ardens luzoniensis
luzonensis / luzonia / luzonica / luzonicus / luzoniense / luzoniensis
Luzon, Philippines.
● ex “Crabier de la côte de Coromandel” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 910 (syn. Bubulcus ibis coromandus).
● ex “Tourterelle grise ensanglantée de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (Gallicolumba).
● ex “Chirugien de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Jacana” of Latham 1785 (syn. Hydrophasianus chirurgus).
● ex “Courlis tacheté de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Curlew” of Latham 1785 (syn. Numenius phaeopus variegatus).
● ex “Barbu de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776 (syn. Psilopogon haemacephalus).
● Erroneous TL. Luzon (= South Africa); ex "Trogon de l'isle de Luçon" of Sonnerat 1782 (syn. Tricholaema leucomelas).
● ex “Caille de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Quail” of Latham 1783 (?syn. Turnix ocellatus).
● Erroneous TL Luzon (= Mindanao, Philippines); ex “Gobe-mouche noir de l’isle de Luzon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Black Fly-catcher” of Latham 1783 (unident.; ?syn. Sittiparus semilarvatus).

Philippine Trogon (minor)
Latin Name: Harpactes ardens minor
minor
L. minor  smaller  < comp. parvus  small. “Comparative names ... Specific names expressive of comparative size are also to be avoided, as they may be rendered inaccurate by the after-discovery of additional species. The names ... maximus, minor, minimus, etc. are examples of this objectionable practice” (Strickland Code 1842).
● ex “Short-eared Owl” of Pennant 1761 (syn. Asio flammeus).
● ex “Little Thrush” of Catesby 1731-1743, Edwards 1758-1764, Latham 1783, and Pennant 1785, “Turdus iliacus carolinensis” of Brisson 1760, and “Grivette de l’Amérique” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (syn. Catharus fuscescens).
● ex “Whip-poor-will” of Catesby 1731 (Chordeiles).
● ex “Coucou des palétuviers de Cayenne” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 813, “Petit Vieillard” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Mangrove Cuckow” of Latham 1782 (Coccyzus).
● "54. PICUS.  ...  minor.  12. P. albo nigroque varius vertice rubro, ano albido.  Picus albo nigroque varius, rectricibus tribus lateralibus seminigris. Fn. svec. 83. Hasselqv. iter. 242.  Picus varius tertius. Raj. av. 43.  Picus varius minor. Alb. av. I. p. 20. t. 20.  Habitat in Europa.” (Linnaeus 1758) (Dryobates).
● ex “Fregata minor” of Brisson 1760, “Petite Frégate” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Man of War Bird” of Edwards 1760, and “Lesser Frigate Pelican” of Latham 1785 (Fregata).
● ex “Petit Indicateur” of Levaillant 1807, pl. 242 (Indicator).
● ex “Pie-grièsche d’Italie” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 32, fig. 1 (Lanius).
● ex “Perruche à ailes noires” of de Buffon 1770-1783, “Petite perruche de l’isle de Luçon, 4ème ésp.” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Luzonian Parrakeet” of Latham 1781 (syn. Loriculus philippensis).
● ex “Apiaster Philippensis minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Merops viridis americanus).
● ex “Little Woodcock” of Pennant 1785, and Latham 1785 (Microptera).
● ex “Troupiale de la Caroline” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 606, fig. 1, “Petit Troupiale noir” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Lesser black Oriole” of Latham 1782 (syn. Molothrus ater).
● ex “Lesser Bird of Paradise” of Latham 1783 (Paradisaea).
● ex “Barbican à ventre rose” of Levaillant 1806 (Pogonornis).
● ex “Porphyrio minor” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Porphyrula martinica).
● ex “Colymbus fluviatilis” of Brisson 1760 (syn. Tachybaptus ruficollis).
● ex “Huppe d’Afrique” of Audebert & Vieillot 1800-1802 (syn. Upupa africana).
● ex “Ringvia” of Brünnich 1764, and “Lesser Guillemot” of Pennant 1785 (syn. Uria aalge).

Philippine Trogon (linae)
Latin Name: Harpactes ardens linae
linae
● Lina N. Florendo Rabor (d. 1997) wife of Philippine ornithologist Dioscoro S. Rabor (subsp. Halcyon coromanda, subsp. Harpactes ardens).
● Emilie Karoline “Lina” Hähnle (1851-1941) German conservationist, founding chairman of Bundes für Vogelschutz 1899 (syn. Otus bakkamoena semitorques).

Philippine Trogon (ardens)
Latin Name: Harpactes ardens ardens
ardens
L. ardens, ardentis  burning, glowing  < ardere  to burn.
● ex “Veuve à poitrine rouge du Cap de Bonne Espérance” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 647, and “Veuve en feu” of de Buffon 1770-1785 (Euplectes).