Onychoprion Anaethetus Bird

English Name:  Bridled Tern
Latin Name:  Onychoprion anaethetus
Protonym:  Sterna Anaethetus Del.Flor.Faun.Insubr. 2 p.92
Taxonomy:  Charadriiformes / Laridae / Onychoprion
Taxonomy Code:  briter1
Type Locality:  'In Guinea'' = Panay, Philippine Islands, ex Sonnerat.
Author:  Scopoli
Publish Year:  1786
IUCN Status:  Least Concern

DEFINITIONS

ONYCHOPRION
(Laridae; Ϯ Sooty Tern O. fuscatus) Gr. ονυξ onux, ονυχος onukhos  claw, nail; πριων priōn, πριονος prionos  saw; "β. Hirundines aquaticae.  Genus Onychoprion Wagl., Reicherschwalbe.  (Genus novum.)  Wesentliches äußeres Kennzeichen: unguis digiti medii latere interno ut in Ardeis et Caprimulgis serratus.  Hierher: Sterna serrata Forster.  Sieh Wagler, Natürl. Syst. der Amphib. p. 89." (Wagler 1832); "Onychoprion Wagler, Isis, 1832, col. 277—type, by monotypy, Sterna serrata Wagler (ex Forster MS.) = Sterna fuscata Linnaeus." (Hellmayr & Conover 1948, XIII, 302). 
Var. Onynochoprion. 
Synon. Dipsaleon, Haliplana, Melanosterna, Planetis, Thalassipora.

anaethetus
Gr. αναισθητος anaisthētos stupid, senseless < negative prefix αν- an- signifying absence; αισθανομαι. aisthanomai to understand.
● ex “Hirondelle de Mer de l’Île de Panay” of Sonnerat 1776 (Onychoprion).

Anaethetus
Gr. αναισθητος anaisthētos  stupid, senseless  < negative prefix αν- an- ; αισθανομαι aisthanomai  to understand.
• (Laridae; syn. Anous † Brown Noddy A. stolidus) "ANÆTHETUS 2.  Minor fuscus, vertice cinereo, rostro glabro.  Anas angustirostra, &c. Barr. } The Noddy; and the Noddy of Cat. t. 88." (P. Browne, 1789, Civil and Natural History of Jamaica, 2nd ed., p. 481 (nom. nud.)).  In Browne's Linnaean Index (IV Index Animalium) Anaethetus 2 is identifed with Sterna stolida.
• (Sulidae; syn. Sula † Red-footed Booby S. sula) "ANÆTHETUS 1.  Major melinus subtus albicus, rostro serrato-dentato.  Anseri basino affinis. Slo. Hist. } The Booby; and the Booby of Catesby; t. 87." (P. Browne, 1789, Civil and Natural History of Jamaica, 2nd ed., p. 481 (nom. nud.)).  In Browne's Linnaean Index (IV Index Animalium) Anaethetus 1 is identifed with Pelecanus sula (although Catesby's "Booby" is the Brown Booby Sula leucogaster).

SUBSPECIES

Bridled Tern (melanopterus)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus melanopterus
melanopterus
Gr. μελανοπτερος melanopteros  black-winged  < μελας melas, μελανος  melanos  black; -πτερος -pteros  -winged  < πτερον pteron wing.
● ex “Blac” of Levaillant 1798, pl. 36 < blanc white (cf. Arabic ablaq pied black and white) (syn. Elanus caeruleus).
● ex “Petite Perruche de Batavia” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 791, fig. 1, “Perruche aux ailes variées” of de Buffon 1770-1785, “Petite Perruche de l’isle de Luçon” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Black-winged Parrakeet” of Brown 1776, and Latham 1781 (syn. Touit batavicus).

Bridled Tern (fuligulus)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus fuligulus
fuligula / fuligulae / fuligulus
L. fuligo, fuliginis  soot; gula  throat. 
● "61. ANAS.  ...  Fuligula.  39. A. crista dependente, corpore nigro, ventre maculaque alarum albis. Fn. Svec. 99.  Anas Fuligula. Gesn. av. 107. Will. orn. 280. t. 73. Alb. av. I. p. 91. t. 95.  Anas cristata. Raj. av. 142.  Habitat in Europæ maritimis.  Mas. incubante femina, nos deserit." (Linnaeus 1758) (cf. “for fulicula, diminutive of fulix or fulica [Coot]” (BOU 1915)) (Aythya).
● ex “Hirondelle Fauve” of Levaillant 1806 (Ptyonoprogne).

Bridled Tern (antarcticus)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus antarcticus
antarctica / antarcticus
L. antarcticus  southern, antarctic  < Gr. ανταρκτικος antarktikos  antarctic  < αντι anti  opposite; αρκτος arktos  north.
● Tierra del Fuego; ex “Antarctic Goose” of Latham 1785 (syn. Chloephaga hybrida).
● Antarctic Ocean; ex “Procellaria glacialis, var. β” of Latham 1790 (syn. Fulmarus glacialoides).
● "The vast Island or rather Continent of Australia, Australasia, or New Holland ... Antarctic Pigeon ... Its most distinguishing character is the elegant semi-pendent occipital crest" (Shaw 1794) (Lopholaimus).
● Falklands Is., New Zealand and New Holland; ex “Statenland Eagle” of Latham 1781 (syn. Phalcoboenus australis).
● Within the Antarctic Circle between lat. 36º S and 61º S; ex “Petrel brun et blanc” of de Bougainville 1771, “Antarctic Peteril” of Cook 1777, and Latham 1785, and “Pétrel Antarctique” or “Damier brun” of de Buffon 1770-1783 (Thalassoica).

Bridled Tern (anaethetus)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus anaethetus
anaethetus
Gr. αναισθητος anaisthētos stupid, senseless < negative prefix αν- an- signifying absence; αισθανομαι. aisthanomai to understand.
● ex “Hirondelle de Mer de l’Île de Panay” of Sonnerat 1776 (Onychoprion).

Bridled Tern (nelsoni)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus nelsoni
nelsoni
• Dr Edward William Nelson (1855-1934) US zoologist, collector in US and Mexico, President of AOU 1908, and Chief of US Biological Survey 1916-1927 (subsp. Agelaius phoeniceus, Ammospiza, syn. Antrostomus badius, subsp. Campephilus guatemalensis, subsp. Campylorhynchus megalopterus, subsp. Catharus frantzii, syn. Colinus virginianus insignis, subsp. Cyanocorax sanblasianus, syn. Dryobates pubescens medianus, subsp. Eupherusa eximia, Geothlypis, subsp. Habia rubica, subsp. Icterus cucullatus, subsp. Lagopus mutum, syn. Lanius ludovicianus mexicanus, syn. Larus vegae x L. hyperboreus hybrid, subsp. Lochmias nematura, syn. Myiarchus tyrannulus cooperi, syn. Nyctidromus albicollis yucatanensis, subsp. Onychoprion anaethetus, syn. Phaethornis striigularis subrufescens, subsp. Polioptila caerulea, subsp. Quiscalus mexicanus, subsp. Sialia mexicana, subsp. Sitta carolinensis, subsp. Tunchiornis ochraceiceps, Vireo (ex Vireo nanus Nelson, 1898)).
• George Nelson (1876-1962) US botanist, zoologist, photographer, taxidermist at MCZ, Harvard College 1901-1946 (Martin Schneider in litt.) (subsp. Setophaga vitellina).

Bridled Tern (recognitus)
Latin Name: Onychoprion anaethetus recognitus