Macheiramphus Alcinus Bird
Macheiramphus Alcinus Bird
English Name:
Latin Name:
Protonym: Machaerhamphus alcinus Rev.Mag.Zool. (2), 2 p.482
Taxonomy: Accipitriformes / Accipitridae / Macheiramphus
Taxonomy Code: bathaw1
Type Locality: Malacca.
Author: Bonaparte
Publish Year: 1850
IUCN Status: Least Concern
DEFINITIONS
MACHEIRAMPHUS
(Accipitridae; Ϯ Bat Hawk M. alcinus) Gr. μαχαιρα makhaira knife; ῥαμφος rhamphos bill; "Une des plus importantes découvertes de l'ornithologie moderne est celle que je proclame d'un Falconide qui remplace, dans l'Asie orientale, les Cymindis de l'Amérique. Son bec, extrêmement petit, très-comprimé, à arète tranchante, ressemblant à celui des Alcæ, a décidé Schlegel lui-même, ennemi déclaré des genres nouveaux, à le considérer comme tel sous le nom de Macheiramphus; ce sera Macheiramphus alcinus." (Bonaparte 1850); "MACHAERHAMPHUS ALCINUS. ... De vogel, dien wij onder bovenstaanden naam willen beschrijven, verdient in meer dan één opzigt de belangstelling der natuur-onderzoekers. Door de gedaante van zijnen snavel van alle bekende roofvogels afwijkende, sluit hij zich, wat zijn maaksel in het algemeen betreft; het meest natuurlijk aan de geslachten Pernis en Avicida, ook Lophotes of Baza genoemd, aan. ... MACHAERHAMPHUS. Rostrum valde aduncum, praecompressum; culmine elato, cultrato; tomiis integris. Nares obliquae; Frena plumis lanceolatis obsita. Plumae occipitis in cristam elongatae. Tarsi graciles, subelongati, nudi, reticulati; serie scutorum angustorum in anteriore parte. Digiti satis longi, magna ex parte reticulati, tubeculis magnis; ungues falculares, acuminati. Alae satis longae, sed cuudam [sic] mediocrem, truncatam, non excedentes. Remigum tertia longissima. Incola veteris orbis. De eenige tot nu toe bekende soort van dit geslacht biedt de volgende kenmerken aan: MACHAERHAMPHUS ALCINUS. ... Habitat in Malacca." (Westerman 1851); “For about a century Westerman’s name was used, not least because it was believed, erroneously, to have been published in 1848 ... Deignan [1960] pointed out that Bonaparte’s name had priority and should be brought into use ... Amadon (1979) in Peters’ Check-list ... (I: 289) restored Westerman’s name, arguing that Bonaparte’s name is a nomen oblitum” (Brooke & Clancey 1981).
Var. Macheirhamphus, Macherhamphus, Machaerirhamphus, Machaerorhamphus, Machaerhamphus, Machaeramphus.
Synon. Stringonyx.
alcinus
Mod. L. alcinus auk-like < genus Alca Linnaeus, 1758, auk (pace Clark & Davies 2018, "Species name, alcinus, is corrupted from Greek alkimos [αλκιμος] for 'strong, stout, brave.'") (see Macheiramphus).
SUBSPECIES
Bat Hawk (anderssoni)
Latin Name: Macheiramphus alcinus anderssoni
anderssoni
● Karl Johan Andersson (1827-1867) Swedish explorer in south-west Africa (subsp. Calandrella cinerea, subsp. Campethera abingoni, syn. Cinnyris talatala, syn. Coracina pectoralis, syn. Lanius collurio, subsp. Macheiramphus alcinus, syn. Myrmecocichla monticola, syn. Oriolus auratus notatus, subsp. Ptyonoprogne fuligula, subsp. Zosterops senegalensis).
● Johan Gunnar Andersson (1874-1960) Swedish archaeologist, geologist, palaeontologist, explorer in Antarctica and China (subsp. Pica pica, ‡Struthio).
Bat Hawk (alcinus)
Latin Name: Macheiramphus alcinus alcinus
alcinus
Mod. L. alcinus auk-like < genus Alca Linnaeus, 1758, auk (pace Clark & Davies 2018, "Species name, alcinus, is corrupted from Greek alkimos [αλκιμος] for 'strong, stout, brave.'") (see Macheiramphus).
Bat Hawk (papuanus)
Latin Name: Macheiramphus alcinus papuanus
papuanus / papuense / papuensis
Papua or New Guinea.
● ex “Petit Lori Papou” of Sonnerat 1776, and “Papouan Lory” of Latham 1781 (syn. Charmosyna papou).
● ex “Choucari de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 630, and “Papuan Crow” of Latham 1781 (Coracina).
● Erroneous TL. New Guinea (= Philippines); ex “Manikor de la Nouvelle Guinée” of d’Aubenton 1765-1781, pl. 707, fig. 2, “Manikor” of de Buffon 1770-1783, and “Papuan Manakin” of Latham 1783 (syn. Dicaeum australe).
UPPERCASE: current genus
Uppercase first letter: generic synonym
● and ● See: generic homonyms
lowercase: species and subspecies
●: early names, variants, mispellings
‡: extinct
†: type species
Gr.: ancient Greek
L.: Latin
<: derived from
syn: synonym of
/: separates historical and modern geographic names
ex: based on
TL: type locality
OD: original diagnosis (genus) or original description (species)